This document provides an overview of superconductivity. It begins by defining superconductivity as the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance below a critical temperature. It distinguishes between Type I and Type II superconductors. It then describes the Meissner effect, where a superconductor in a magnetic field will expel the field. Applications of superconductivity discussed include magnetic levitation trains, medical imaging, power transmission, and particle accelerators. Charts show increasing critical temperatures over time and examples of superconducting power cables and maglev trains. Future applications proposed are solar power generation, wind turbines, and energy storage.

1. Presented By:
Rohit Kumar
1101216103

2. WHAT IS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY??
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For some materials, the
resistivity vanishes at some
low temperature: they become
superconducting.
Superconductivity is the ability
of certain materials to conduct
electrical current with no
resistance.
Thus, superconductors can
carry large amounts of current
with little or no loss of energy.
Type I superconductors: pure metals, have low critical field
Type II superconductors: primarily of alloys or intermetallic
compounds.

3. MEISSNER EFFECT
When you place a superconductor in a magnetic field, the field is expelled below TC.
B
T >Tc
B
T < Tc
Magnet
Superconductor
Currents i appear, to cancel B.
i x B on the superconductor
produces repulsion.

4. A superconductor displaying the MEISSNER EFFECT
Superconductors have electronic and magnetic properties. That is, they have a
negative susceptibility, and acquire a polarization OPPOSITE to an applied magnetic
field. This is the reason that superconducting materials and magnets repel one
another.
If the temperature increases the sample will lose its superconductivity and the
magnet cannot float on the superconductor.

5. Record TC versus Year Discovered
180
HgBa2Ca2Cu2O8 Pressure
160
HgBa2Ca2Cu2O8
120
TC (K)
140
Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O
Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O8
100
YBa2Cu3O7
80
60
La-Sr-Cu-O
40
20
NbN
Nb3Ge
Hg
0
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
Year
1960
1970
La-Ba-Cu-O
1986
1980 1990
2000

6. APPLICATIONS
Superconducting Magnetic Levitation
 Medical(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
 Power
 Particle Accelerators( like SSC)
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7. APPLICATIONS: Power
The cable configuration features a conductor
made from HTS wires wound around a flexible
hollow core.
Liquid nitrogen flows through the core, cooling
the HTS wire to the zero resistance state.
The conductor is surrounded by conventional
dielectric insulation. The efficiency of this
design reduces losses.
Superconducting Transmission Cable
From American Superconductor

8. APPLICATIONS:
Superconducting Magnetic Levitation
The track are walls with a continuous series of vertical
coils of wire mounted inside. The wire in these coils is
not a superconductor.
As the train passes each coil, the motion of the
superconducting magnet on the train induces a current
in these coils, making them electromagnets.
The electromagnets on the train and outside produce
forces that levitate the train and keep it centered above
the track. In addition, a wave of electric current sweeps
down these outside coils and propels the train forward.
The Yamanashi MLX01MagLev Train

9. FUTURE APPLICATIONS
SOLAR POWER GENERATION
 HIGH EFFCIENCY WIND TURBINES
 ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES
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10. ANY QUERIES??