Sun Tracker
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This document describes the development of a prototype solar tracker. It presents equations to predict solar irradiance and track the sun's movement. A one-axis tracker was built using a microcontroller, motor, and sensor to align a solar panel based on the sun's position. Experimental data collected over three days showed the tracking panel generated an average of over 18% more power than a stationary panel.
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Talk presented at Journée « Science, raison et foi » on
Causalite, Temps et Origine de l'Univers
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Features:
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• Consume less energy compared to existing system.
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Actually photo electric effect is used for generating electricity. This electrical energy we will store in the battery and finally we will use it after evening. Solar sun light tracker and optical sensor is connected with Arduino UNO. Rotation angle and controlling will be done by the microcontroller IC Atmega-328. Microcontroller stores the C# programming code. Other people have not developed automatic switching system but I am going to do this thing with battery charge (%) showing in the display.
For any help view my profile:https://www.facebook.com/safayetkarimratul
or contact number:01788445333
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Sun Tracker
- 1. Seminar Presentation DEVELOPMENT OF A SUN TRACKER AJNAS KC
- 2. DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-LA.2013.6554440 IEEE Published in: Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Latin America (ISGT LA), 2013 IEEE PES Conference, Sao Paulo Date of Conference: 15-17 April 2013 Author: Ribeiro, G.A.G. Univ. Fed. de Vicosa, Vicosa, Brazil da S Antonio, A. ; Moreira, T.M.S. ; Martins, G. ; Pereira, H.A.
- 3. SUN TRACKER Abstract The power generated by a solar panel is directly related to the level of solar irradiance on the panel. Thus a system capable of tracking the solar movement improves the efficiency in the generated power. This work presents a study of solar radiation levels and the construction of a sun tracking prototype in order to follow the movement of the sun during the day and increase the power generated by the panel.
- 4. SUN TRACKER INTRODUCTION The performance of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system is mostly dependent on climatic conditions. ❖ Angle of incident solar irradiance ❖ Temperature
- 5. SUN TRACKER Why a solar tracker? ❖ To align the solar panel to the maximum power point for changes in the environment . ❖ Improves efficiency of the total system and increase power production.
- 6. SUN TRACKER HOW? ❖ Track the location of sun • altitude angle β • azimuth angle φs
- 7. SUN TRACKER Will this make a difference? YES !
- 8. SUN TRACKER How to track the sun ? What we know : ❖ Sun rises in the East and sets in the West ❖ Time of Sunrise and Sunset varies everyday We have EQUATIONS , and we can predict all these precisely .
- 10. SUN TRACKER ❖ Equations for Theoretical Solar Irradiance :Stationary Panel
- 11. SUN TRACKER ❖ Equations for Theoretical Solar Irradiance : One and Two Axis
- 12. SUN TRACKER ❖ MATLAB SOFTWARE ❖ MATLAB Software was used to predict characteristics of solar irradiation using the above equations ❖ Results in numerical and graphical form were obtained
- 13. SUN TRACKER
- 14. SUN TRACKER ❖ BUILDING OF PROTOTYPE : Aim : To construct a simple prototype :One axis sun tracker Physical Design Consists of : Wooden Base A freely rotating shaft Solar Panel Motor Gear and tooth pulley system
- 15. SUN TRACKER
- 16. SUN TRACKER ❖ DRIVE AND CONTROL STRATEGY It Consist of : Micro controller : PIC 16F877 Motor Driver : ULN 2004 Display : 16x2 LCD Stepper Motor : 15 Degree’s Step Angle Battery : 12V
- 17. SUN TRACKER Side Showing Display and switches for adjusting Time SPYDER 8 : Communication channel port and power supply
- 18. SUN TRACKER ❖ How it works? Set the TIME and DATE in the control circuit and the algorithm would take over the control of the whole system It would align the panel correspondingly , by calculating the sun rise, sun set and geometrical position of the sun.
- 19. SUN TRACKER ❖ SYSTEM DATA ACQUISITION AND BUILT SYSTEM ❖ DAS : SPYDER 8 : An electronic measuring system for PC’s 8 channels for Input and Output Printer port PC/Master port Current Measurement : Honeywell CSLA1CF current sensor
- 20. SUN TRACKER ❖ Build System
- 21. SUN TRACKER ❖ EXPERIMENTAL STUDY Solar Panel used : Stationary Panel set at inclination of 25° towards the geographical north. Moving Panel was inserted to the Prototype .
- 22. SUN TRACKER ❖ DATA COLLECTION The collected data for comparison between the fixed panel and tracking system were made on days 20, 21 and 22 August 2012, in the Viçosa (Minas Gerais). In this period of the year it is winter in Brazil.
- 23. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Solar Irradiance Graph Using MATLAB for August 20
- 24. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Solar Irradiance Graph Using MATLAB for August 21
- 25. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Solar Irradiance Graph Using MATLAB for August 22
- 26. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Current generated on August 20
- 27. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Power generated on August 20
- 28. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Current generated on August 21
- 29. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Power generated on August 21
- 30. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Current generated on August 22
- 31. SUN TRACKER ❖ RESULTS ❖ Power generated on August 22
- 32. SUN TRACKER ❖ SUMMARY OF RESULTS Average power produced during the Day
- 33. SUN TRACKER ❖ CONCLUSION ❖ A Solar tracker improves the Power generated. ❖ Even effective on cloudy days. ❖ Increase in power generated was more than 18%. ❖ Efficiency can be further improved using a stepper motor with smaller step angles