This document describes the design of an efficient solar power generation system using a moving solar panel. It contains sections on the definition of the problem, market solutions, introduction, block and circuit diagrams, components, software and hardware used, feasibility, applications, future enhancements, work distribution, and references. The system uses light sensors to detect the direction of maximum sunlight intensity and a microcontroller controls a motor to rotate the panel accordingly to maximize energy generation. Power is stored in a lead acid battery and can be used to power appliances.

1. SUBMITTED BYVeeral Bhateja
Contact me : +91-8741810758
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Definition of problem
Market Solution
Introduction
Block diagram
Circuit diagram
Components
Software/Hardware used
Feasibility
Application
Future enhancement
Work distribution of project
Reference
Queries
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3.  Today’s time solar cells are becoming extremely popular
for utilizing solar energy to use in different ways such as
producing electricity, transportation,cooking etc .
 So many solar panels have been
installed all over the
world and most of them are stable. They are installed in
the direction of maximum radiation of sunlight.
 Now the problem arises that the sun is moving .So we
cannot use maximum radiation of sun all the time. The
position of maximum radiation receiving position only
comes once in 24 hours.
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4.  Solar tracker is the best solution for receiving
maximum radiation.
 By moving the solar panel according to the
movement of sun we can always receive the
maximum radiation .
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5. • The earth receives 16 x 1018 units of energy
from the sun annually, which is 20,000 times
the requirement of mankind on the Earth.
• Solar panels are used to convert light energy
into electrical energy.
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Efficient Solar Power generation System
using moving panel is a efficientpower
generating system using sun light.
 Two sensors in two directions to sense the
direction of maximum intensity of light. The
difference between the outputs of the sensors
is given to the microcontroller unit.
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6.  Microcontroller is used to
process the input
voltage from the comparison circuit and control
the direction in which the motor has to be rotated
so that it will receive maximum intensity of light
from the sun.
 The power generated from this process is then
stored in a lead acid battery.
 Stored energy is used to run different appliances
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8.  It consist of a LDR sensor senses max solar power
which is being given to the Microcontroller through
the ADC which digitizes the LDR output.
 Controller then takes the decision according to then
algorithm and tilts the panel towards the direction of
the max energy given by LDR with the help of DC
Motor .
 The Motor is used to rotate the LDR to sense the
max solar power.
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9.  On the monitoring station which receives the data send
by the system.
 This data is logged into the PC.
 The
RS232 converter is used to connect the
microcontroller to PC which convert PC"s CMOS level to
Controller"s TTL level n vice versa.
 Limit sensors or Touch sensors are provided to sense the
starting and ending position of the solar panel.
 Keypad is provided to adjust the starting position of the
solar panel.
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11.  1) Microcontroller (AT89C2051)
 2) 555 timer
 3) Stepper motor.
 4) Lead acid battery (9AH, 12V DC)
 5) LCD
 6) Solar panel
 7) Crystal Oscillator
 8) Relays
 9) LDR
 10)Voltage Regulator(7805)
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12. Microcontroller(AT89C2051)
 low-voltage,
high-performance
CMOS 8-bit microcomputer
 2K bytes of Flash programmable and
erasable
(PEROM).
read-only
memory
 128 bytes of RAM, 15 I/O lines, two
16-bit timer/counters.
 a
five vector
architecture.
two-level
interrupt
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13. 555 TIMER IC functioning as an accurate time-delay
generator .
 Timing from micro seconds through
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hours
Monostable and Astable operation
Adjustable duty cycle
Ability to operate from a wide range
of supply voltages
High current output that can sink or
source 200 Ma
Output can be operated normal ON
and OFF
High temperature stability
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14. Solar Panel
 Collection of photovoltaic cells.
 Photovoltaic cell is composed of sillicon
 Used as a component of a larger photovoltaic
system to generate and supply electricity in
commercial and residential applications.
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Rated by its DC output power under standard
test conditions, and typically ranges from 100 to
320 watts.
 Consists array of solar panels, an inverter, and
sometimes a battery and or solar tracker and
interconnection wiring.
 The efficiency of a panel determines the area of
a panel
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15. Stepper Motor
• electromechanical device which converts electrical
pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The speed
of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to the
frequency of the input pulses and the
length of rotation is directly related to the number of input
pulses applied.
Lead Acid Battery• very low energy-to-weight ratio and a low energy-to-
volume ratio, their ability to supply high surge
currents means that the cells maintain a relatively
large power-to-weight ratio. These features, along with
their low cost, make them attractive for use in motor
vehicles to provide the high current required
by automobile starter motors.
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16.  Microcontroller kit or Atmel AT89C2051
microcontroller.
 Keil Micro Vision Integrated Development
Environment.
 C51 C Compiler, A51 Assembler.
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17.  Technical/practical :
1.Pollution free
2.Safety in Design
3.Usability
4.Reliable
5.Reduce human error
6.Portable
 Economical:
1.Total cost of project=6000/17

18.  Heating the water
 Electric fence
 Battery charger
 Emergency battery backup
 Solar cooker
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19.  To improve the sun tracking, a stand alone sun
tracker can be designed using 18 seriesPIC
microcontroller.
 In 18 series PIC microcontroller, data can be stored
periodically in MMC card .We need not to do it
manually (no need of rotation).
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20. Work
Member
Market survey
saurabh,ritesh
Express PCB layout
saurabh,ritesh
Component mounting
Rohitash,rakesh
Coding
ritesh,saurabh,rohitash,
rakesh
Circuit simulation
ritesh,saurabh
Report writting
rohitash,rakesh
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21.  www.cornelluniversity.com
 www.electronicslab.com
 www.hbeon.org
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.8051projects.com
 www.studymore.com
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