This document presents a project on a solar tracking system developed by a group of students. It discusses how solar tracking can increase solar panel output by ensuring the panels always face the sun. It includes block diagrams of the system design using a microcontroller and sensors to control stepper motors and adjust the panel orientation. The document also discusses the concept design, Pro-E CAD model, design evaluation, and applications of the solar tracking system.

1. A PROJECT ON:
SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM
PREPARED BY:
 Akash Chatterjee
 Bidurin Chakraborty
 Debajyoti Chanda
 Pranay Ghorui
 Siddharta Mukherjee UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:
Prof. Joyati Chattopadhyay,
4THYear – EIE Department, Faculty of ECE/EIE Department;
Techno India College of Technology Techno India College of Technology

2. PREFACE
The main non-renewable sources of energy in the
world are coal, oil, natural gas, and more recently
nuclear energy.
While the aforesaid power generators use coal, oil &
natural gas as their main fuel for energy production,
nuclear energy employs the technique of nuclear
fission of uranium for electricity generation.
The availability of these natural resources in future &
pollution are the main concerns.

3. PREFACE
Coal Plant Nuclear Natural
Plant Gas Plant

4. PREFACE
The main renewable sources of energy in the world
are hydroelectricity, wind & solar energy.
Hydroelectric power plants cannot use water
continuously for electricity generation as they need to
maintain the level of water on both sides of the dam
for survival of aquatic life as well as prevention of
flooding in the area. This reduces its efficiency.
On the other hand, sunlight (in the desired angle)&
winds(in the desired direction) may not be available
throughout the day thereby reducing the efficiency of
the system

5. PREFACE
Hydro- Wind Energy Solar Energy
electric
Energy

6. COMPARISON OF ENERGY SOURCES
120
Initial Investment Total Operating Cost Pollution Efficiency
Cost (Dollars/MWh) →
100
80
60
40
20
0
Coal Oil Natural Nuclear Hydel Wind Solar
gas

7. SOLAR POWER-AN INEXHAUSTIBLE
ENERGY SOURCE
Solar power, unlike other energy
sources, is now considered to be the
best alternative due to its versatility
in terms of renewability, cost-
effectiveness, improved operating
efficiency and last but not the least its
unlimited reserve, mainly being the
Sun.
The solar panels, being the modern
tech of alternative power source, aims
at absorbing maximum amount of
sunlight and converting into useable
electricity, and thus achieving
increasing popularity since the
realization of fossil fuel shortcomings.

8. OUR PROJECT-SOLAR TRACKING
SYSTEM

9. PROJECT BACKGROUND
Why should the solar panel
face the most illuminating
source of light?
 Increase Solar Panel Output
 Maximize Power per unit Area

10. PROJECT BACKGROUND
Solar Panel Output

11. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Microcontroller 8051 and 0808 ADC forms the integral part in the design of solar
tracking system, that controls the movement of the solar panel for proper
orientation.

12. 8051 INTERFACE WITH STEPPER
MOTOR
INTERFACING 8051 WITH
STEPPER MOTOR
One Phase on Sequence.
In this, we are interfacing
stepper Motor with One Phase
on Sequence.
The Stepper Motor is easily
interfaced with 8051 and ULN
2803.Darlinton pair with high
current rating.

13. CONCEPT DESIGN

14. PRO-E DESIGN

15. PRO-E DESIGN

16. DESIGN EVALUATION
 The main concern was whether the
materials used in the design would
be sufficient to hand the expected
loads and forces on the system
 The loads applied were gravity and a
65 mph wind normal to the solar
panel
 The system weight, size and
functionality was also evaluated

17. APPLICATION & SCOPE
The solar tracker system provides numerous applications in the field of
industrial, infrastructural as well as agricultural sectors, both private and public
purposes.
Its main application lies in the industrial processes like energy stations and
powerhouses for the production of electricity. Moreover, it also find its
applications in pool filtration systems, in agriculture for irrigation methods and
solar water heating systems.