This document describes a solar tracking system project that aims to maximize solar panel power output. The system uses light dependent resistors (LDRs) to sense sunlight and arduino to control DC gear motors that rotate the solar panel to continuously face the sun. It captures the objective to have a low-cost tracking system. The methodology explains the main components like solar panel, LDRs, motors, relay module, battery, inverter, LCD display, power supply and divider circuits. The conclusion restates benefits like using clean energy and increasing efficiency with a one-time investment.

1. Project title:
SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM FOR MAXIMUM
POWER OUTPUT
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2. Contents
• Introduction
• Objective
• Literature Review
• Flow chart
• Methodology
• Hardware and Software
• Block Diagram
• Conclusion
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3. Introduction to :
1.Solar Tracking System
• Orient PV Panels towards Sun
• Follow Traction
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4. 2.Solar Energy System
• Renewable Energy Source
• Pollution Free
• Cost Effective
• Abundant Source
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6. Objective:
• Tracking System must be cost effective
• Tracking system that constantly tracking the Sun
• Tracking system that maximize the Solar Panel Power generation
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7. Literature Review
• Introduction
• Rotation & Revolution of Earth
• Solar Irradiation
P=4 𝝅𝒓 𝟐αℇT4
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8. Literature Review
• Elevation Angle
• Zenith Angle
• Azimuth Angle
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9. Solar cell Solar module
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10. • Types of Radiations
• Direct Radiation
• Diffuse Radiation
• Reflected Radiation
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11. Solar Panel
12 V
12V BATTERY
SUPPLY
CIRCUIT
12V
LCD
DISPLAY
5 V
12 V
DIVIDER CIRCUIT
SOLAR PANEL
DIVIDER CIRCUIT
BATTERY
ARDUINO
UNO(R3)
ANALOG
ANALOG
AN
AL
OG
SIG
NA
L
REALAY
CIRCUIT
RELAY
CIRCUIT
12V
SIGNAL
SIG
NA
L
SIG
NA
L
SIGNAL
DC GEAR
MOTOR1
DC GEAR
MOTOR2
LLDR
12V DC TO 220 C AC
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220 AC
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12. Methodology
 Principal of Main Components
• Arduino Uno (R3)
• Solar Panel
• LDR’S
• DC Gear Motor
• Relay Module
• Battery
• 12V DC to 220V AC Inverter
• LCD
• Power Supply
• Divider Circuit
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13. Arduino Uno (R3)
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14. Solar Panel
Solar Module type SP-M-50W
Maximum Power(Pmax) 50 W
Voltage at Pmax (Vmp) 18 V
Current at Pmax (Imp) 2.88 A
Open Circuit voltage (Voc) 21.6 V
Short Circuit Current (Isc) 3.22 A
Max.System Voltage 720 V
Measurements 760*510*40*25 mm
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15. LDR’S
• 4 LDR’s used
• LDR’s used to detect Sun light
• Electrical signal to Arduino Uno (R3)
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16. DC Gear Motor
• 2 Dc Gear Motor used to rotate Solar module in both directions
• Dc Gear Motor used to Rotate Solar module
• These motors can handle heavy load due to Gear mechanism
• Use more Power as compare to Servo Motor
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17. Relay Module
• 4 Relays are used
• Relays are used to control Motors
• For Forward rotation
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18. Reverse Rotation
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19. 12V DC to 220V AC Invertor
• Convert 12V DC to 220V AC
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20. LCD
• LCD is used for show the voltages of Solar Panel ,Battery
• LCD is used to show the Measurements of LDR’s Sensors
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21. Power Supply
• 12v DC to 5v DC
• Regulator 7805
• DB107 IC Bridge
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22. Divider Circuit
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23. Block diagram 23

24. Graphically Representation
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25. Conclusion
• Clean Energy
• Efficiency increase
• Single time investment
• Complex
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