Can subsidies work for fish and for people?
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Fish Night 5 on 17 October 2018 looked at how we can make sure that subsidies designed to benefit marine and coastal ecosystems don’t have a detrimental effect on smaller fisheries. The presentation was made by Rashid Sumaila, Fisheries Economics Research Unit, Global Fisheries Cluster, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. The event was organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). More details: https://www.iied.org/fish-night-5-can-subsidies-work-for-fish-for-people
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This document summarizes a presentation by Árni M. Mathiesen from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on food security and fisheries. It notes that 795 million people are undernourished globally and fish provide over 20% of animal protein for over 3 billion people. Fish are an important source of nutrition. The document also discusses employment in fisheries and aquaculture, global fish production and trade, challenges like illegal fishing and climate change impacts, and tools for fisheries management like the Port State Measures Agreement. It maps interactions between sustainable development goals including those related to oceans and highlights the importance of small-scale fisheries for food security, livelihoods, and poverty reduction.Major issues, For the Diplomatic Education and training center, Mid career co...
http://www.fao.org/fishery/en
CITES-FAO standard PowerPoint presentation on Introduction from the Sea, developed under the EU-CITES Sharks Project
Prospects and problems in marine Ornamental Aquaculture India
very lack of data of Marine ornamental fish sector. it will help for fisheries student to know about Prospects and problems in marine Ornamental Aquaculture India.
Blue bio economy unlocking the potential of seas and oceans
Presentation delivered on the occasion International Conference Growth in Blue Bio-economy, held in
NORDIC HOUSE • TÓRSHAVN FAROE ISL ANDS • 2-3 JUNE 2015
Fish, Food Security and Nutrition: presented at 10th Indian Fisheries and Aqu...
Fish, Food Security and Nutrition: presented at 10th Indian Fisheries and Aqu...AFS Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries
This presentation was presented by Meryl Williams, based on the full written report: HLPE, 2014. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture for food security and nutrition. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, Rome 2014.(http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/reports/en/).
This report addresses a frequently overlooked but extremely important part of world food and nutrition security: the role and importance of fish in seeking food and nutrition security for all. Fisheries and aquaculture have often been arbitrarily separated from other parts of the food and agricultural systems in food security studies, debates and policy-making.
The report presents a synthesis of existing evidence regarding the complex pathways between fisheries and aquaculture and food and nutrition security, including the environmental, economic and social dimensions, as well as issues related to governance. It provides insights on what needs to be done to achieve sustainable fisheries and aquaculture in order to strengthen their positive impact on food and nutrition security.
The ambition of this compact yet comprehensive report is to help the international community to share and understand the wide spectrum of issues that make fisheries and aquaculture such an important part of efforts to assure food security for all.Securing the livelihoods and nutritional needs of fish dependent communities
Securing the livelihoods and nutritional needs of fish dependent communitiesThe Rockefeller Foundation
This document discusses approaches to securing the livelihoods and nutritional needs of fish-dependent communities given threats from overfishing, climate change, and habitat destruction. It finds that poor and vulnerable populations are most at risk, including one-third of fishers living below the poverty line. Current approaches discussed include alternative livelihoods programs, wealth-based approaches, aquaculture, and shared fisheries governance. Emerging trends observed include experimentation with market-based approaches, interest from new sources of capital, and adoption of a more holistic view integrating conservation, poverty, and food security. The document concludes there are opportunities to better integrate conservation with rights and support successful management regimes, women, innovative financing, and aquacultureSustainable intensification of aquaculture - FAO consultation 27 nov2014
Fish and food security: sustainable intensification of aquaculture
1. Fish is a key source of nutrition, especially in Asia, and demand is growing rapidly as populations and incomes increase.
2. Aquaculture production must more than double by 2050 to meet projected demand, but current practices risk significant environmental impacts if not intensified sustainably.
3. Sustainable intensification focuses on increasing production while reducing environmental impacts through improved technologies, management practices, regulations and inclusive development that benefits small-scale farmers and consumers.
Impact Of Subsidies On The Fisheries Of The North Sea [Sheila Heymans]
Impact Of Subsidies On The Fisheries Of The North Sea [Sheila Heymans]University of the Highlands and Islands
This document analyzes the impact of subsidies on fisheries in the North Sea. It reviews current subsidies, incorporates subsidies into an existing North Sea ecosystem model, and runs hindcast and optimization analyses both with and without subsidies. The hindcast shows subsidies reduced fishery profitability even as gross revenue remained high. Optimizations find maximum profit with reduced demersal trawling and increased Nephrops trawling, while stability results from reducing all fleets' effort. With subsidies, effort stays higher for all fleets since subsidies lower fishing costs. Removing subsidies may lower catch and revenue but increases total profit and biomass of key commercial species.Towards global sustainable fisheries
The document summarizes research on achieving sustainable global fisheries. It finds that sustainably managed fisheries provide significant economic, social, and food security benefits. Fisheries currently contribute $274 billion to global GDP but are underperforming; optimal management could yield an additional $50 billion annually. Sustainably managed fisheries also support hundreds of millions of jobs worldwide and are important for food security, providing protein for 1 billion people. Transitioning fisheries to sustainability requires tools from three categories: smart economics like catch limits and rights-based systems; an ecosystem approach considering interactions between species and environment; and robust management with good governance and stakeholder participation. Case studies show many fisheries have successfully made this transition to realize greater benefits.
Marine conservation
This document provides an overview of various financing mechanisms that can be used to fund marine conservation efforts. It begins with an introduction describing the need to protect marine resources and finance marine conservation. It then presents over 30 specific financing mechanisms categorized by their source of revenue. These include mechanisms that generate revenue from governments, grants/donations, tourism, natural resource use, real estate/development, and for-profit investments. For each, the document provides a brief description and examples of how it has been applied to marine conservation. It emphasizes that mechanisms should be evaluated as part of a business plan that identifies costs and potential revenue sources to develop a sustainable financing strategy for protecting marine and coastal areas.
AABS project overview
Asia-Africa BlueTech Superhighway
Boosting climate-resilient, nature-positive aquatic food production
World fisheries day celebrated 21st November
To create awareness on World fisheries day and to emphasize on PMMSY to achieve target with collective efforts for sustainable fisheries sector development in India
Fisheries and aquaculture in the developing world: A research agenda for the ...
Presentation by WorldFish Director General Stephen Hall at the 2015 World Seafood Congress in Grimsby, U.K.
Food security and international fisheries management
This document discusses international fisheries management and food security. It begins by covering the FAO's vision of sustainable food and agriculture, including its key principles and goals related to ending hunger and malnutrition, doubling agricultural productivity, ensuring sustainable food production systems, and conserving genetic diversity. It then discusses the status of world marine resources and fish as a source of protein globally before introducing regional fisheries management organizations and their role in managing tuna stocks and adopting conservation measures.
KN-5 Johann Pacific marine fisheries
Fisheries are extremely important for Pacific Island countries, providing food security and livelihoods as well as significant government revenue. Climate change threatens fisheries through increased coral bleaching and reduced fish production. Adaptations are needed to minimize future gaps between fish supply and demand from population growth. Adaptations include conserving habitats, sustaining fish stocks, and providing for migration of fish habitats. Nearshore fish aggregating devices could help fill gaps by assisting communities to catch migratory tuna. National adaptation plans for Pacific Island countries should promote effective co-management and integrated planning across sectors to avoid maladaptation and fill knowledge gaps regarding tropical tuna.
Feeding the World: the role of the Oceans
Presentation by Alessandro Lovatelli Aquaculture Officer - Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, at EurOCEAN 2014, 7-9 October 2014 Rome, Italy
©FAO
fisheries_no%20pics.pptx
This document summarizes opportunities for reforming fisheries governance through US foreign assistance. Small-scale fisheries are important for developing countries, providing food, income and livelihoods for millions. However, overfishing, weak governance, and other issues threaten their sustainability. The document recommends national reforms like improving assessment capacity, governance, reducing excess fishing capacity. It also recommends regional and global coordination and public-private partnerships to support more sustainable small-scale fisheries through capacity building, trade, and biodiversity conservation. Examples from the Philippines and Central America are provided.
Fisheries, food security and our commitments on oceans and seas
This document discusses global commitments related to oceans, fisheries, food security, and sustainable development. It notes that over the last 30 years, there have been 80 commitments made in these areas through various summits and agreements. However, 840 million people still suffer from hunger worldwide. The document outlines FAO's strategic goals of eradicating hunger and malnutrition, eliminating rural poverty, and sustainably managing natural resources. It discusses challenges for fisheries and aquaculture related to resource management, habitat destruction, and socioeconomic issues. The concept of "Blue Growth" is introduced to contribute to food security and poverty alleviation through sustainable use of aquatic resources.
2009 Jan 14 Investing In Sustainable Aquaculture
The document discusses the growing global demand for seafood and protein due to population growth and rising standards of living. It notes that aquaculture production has significantly increased in recent decades and will need to continue growing to meet demand, as wild fisheries are overexploited. Sustainable aquaculture practices can help meet rising food needs while reducing pressure on oceans. The document argues that aquaculture presents opportunities for investors due to its potential for continued growth.
Kalanduse probleemid ja reformid. Ragnar Arnason
Islandi Ülikooli kalandusprofessor Ragnar Arnasoni ettekanne 27. novembril Tallinnas toimunud kalanduskonverentsil "Uue kalanduspoliitika lävel".
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Food Security and Fisheries: Major issues for the Diplomatic Education and tr...
Food Security and Fisheries: Major issues for the Diplomatic Education and tr...
Major issues, For the Diplomatic Education and training center, Mid career co...
Major issues, For the Diplomatic Education and training center, Mid career co...
Prospects and problems in marine Ornamental Aquaculture India
Prospects and problems in marine Ornamental Aquaculture India
Blue bio economy unlocking the potential of seas and oceans
Blue bio economy unlocking the potential of seas and oceans
Fish, Food Security and Nutrition: presented at 10th Indian Fisheries and Aqu...
Fish, Food Security and Nutrition: presented at 10th Indian Fisheries and Aqu...
Securing the livelihoods and nutritional needs of fish dependent communities
Securing the livelihoods and nutritional needs of fish dependent communities
Sustainable intensification of aquaculture - FAO consultation 27 nov2014
Sustainable intensification of aquaculture - FAO consultation 27 nov2014
Impact Of Subsidies On The Fisheries Of The North Sea [Sheila Heymans]
Impact Of Subsidies On The Fisheries Of The North Sea [Sheila Heymans]
Fisheries and aquaculture in the developing world: A research agenda for the ...
Fisheries and aquaculture in the developing world: A research agenda for the ...
Food security and international fisheries management
Food security and international fisheries management
Fisheries, food security and our commitments on oceans and seas
Fisheries, food security and our commitments on oceans and seas
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Women paying the health cost of the climate crisis
The impacts of climate change result in both economic and non-economic losses and damages. While economic impacts often receive attention through policy and programming, the non-economic losses remain largely invisible and unaddressed, particularly in climate finance.
The presentation by IIED principal researcher Ritu Bharadwaj, from an online event in March 2024, focuses on the loss and damage faced by women battling drought, debt bondage and migration in Beed, India.
The presentation examines how women are disproportionately affected by climate change, looking at the connections between climate-induced droughts and debt bondage, and significant impacts on women's physical and mental health – leading to drastic health decisions.
It introduces the innovative C-CIQ methodology, which is a comprehensive approach allowing for in-depth assessment of climate change impacts, encompassing not only physical and economic aspects but also the social, cultural and psychological wellbeing of individuals and communities.
The C-CIQ methodology, with its emphasis on simplicity, replicability and clarity, aims to provide a framework for quantifying non-economic loss and damage through composite indices, making it a valuable tool for practitioners and policymakers in diverse contexts.
More information: https://www.iied.org/women-paying-health-cost-climate-crisis
IIED's environmental sustainability impact report 2022/23
This report provides an overview of the International Institute for Environment and Development's carbon emissions for 2022/23, and details plans to reduce its impact across our operations.
Emphasising transparency and accountability, the report underscores IIED's dedication to creating a more sustainable and equitable world.
The report highlights ways IIED has changed to reduce its environmental impact and promote positive changes in social, financial and governance operations.
As an organisation IIED is committed to becoming a net-zero organisation, aligning with science-based targets and reflecting short- and long-term emission reduction targets, which will be monitored annually.
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Published June 2015
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This is a presentation by Lucy Earle, director of the Human Settlements research group at the International Institute for Environment and Development, showing results of research into protracted displacement in an urban world.
The presentation was given on 6 December 2022.
Collectif por la defense des terres malgaces
This presentation (in English and French) was delivered during an IIED webinar on Wednesday, 21 September, which discussed the topic of special economic zones and the broader questions they raise, particularly in Senegal and Madagascar.
This presentation was delivered by Mamy Rakotondrainibe, president of the collective for the Defense of Malagasy Land (TANY). TANY is a civil society organisation that fights against land grabs that affect citizens and farmers in Madagascar.
More information: https://www.iied.org/special-economic-zones-global-trends-issues-senegal-madagascar
Special economic zones in Senegal: characteristics, land ans socio-economic i...
This presentation (in English and French) was delivered during an IIED webinar on Wednesday, 21 September, which discussed the topic of special economic zones and the broader questions they raise, particularly in Senegal and Madagascar.
This presentation was delivered by Dr Alpha Ba, lecturer and researcher at the École Nationale Supérieure d'Agriculture (ENSA), University of Thiès. Alpha holds a PhD in Sociology. As a consultant specialised in agricultural, land, gender and human rights issues, he has more than 15 years of experience and has accompanied many public organisations in Senegal, as well as NGOs and international institutions, in research and training sessions on those topics.
More information: https://www.iied.org/special-economic-zones-global-trends-issues-senegal-madagascar
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This presentation (in English and French) was delivered during an IIED webinar on Wednesday, 21 September, which discussed the topic of special economic zones and the broader questions they raise, particularly in Senegal and Madagascar.
This presentation was delivered by Dr Perrine Burnod and Heriniaina Rakotomalala, respectively researcher at CIRAD; and land expert and PhD candidate at the Institut d’Agro from Montpellier and Antananarivo University.
More information: https://www.iied.org/special-economic-zones-global-trends-issues-senegal-madagascar
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This presentation (in English and French) was delivered during an IIED webinar on Wednesday, 21 September, which discussed the topic of special economic zones and the broader questions they raise, particularly in Senegal and Madagascar.
This presentation is by Lorenzo Cotula, principal researcher and head of law, economies and justice programme in IIED's Natural Resources research group, and Thierry Berger, associate (law, economies and justice programme) in IIED's Natural Resources research group.
More information: https://www.iied.org/special-economic-zones-global-trends-issues-senegal-madagascar
Adaptability of peri-urban agricultural workers towards resilience
This case study highlights the way that women working in peri-urban agriculture in India have to adapt to changing circumstances in order to sustain themselves and their families.
It was produced by Siddharth Agarwal, Kanupriya Kothiwal, Shabnam Verma and Sampurna Kundu of the Urban Health Resource Centre, India.
Conclusions include agricultural work being one of the major forms of livelihood for peri-urban workers. Many peri-urban workers chose this form of work because they already had the skills from their native rural farms.
Women find agricultural work convenient because of its self-paced nature and because farms are mostly close to where they live. Food security is another benefit, as many women are able to procure vegetables and food grains from their farming work.
Peri-urban women workers are resilient, adapting to an ever-changing peri-urban ecosystem and often pursuing an additional livelihood in seasons when agricultural work is not available. Their strategy of forming links with more than one employer offering different forms of work is key to this resilience.
They are also preparing themselves for a future when farms will be sold to developers and builders, and express anxiety about the uncertainty of sustaining agriculture work in the future.
The adaptability and resilience shown by the workers can be tailored to other situations and promoted among vulnerable urban women workers.
More information: https://www.iied.org/resilience-through-flexibility-story-peri-urban-agricultural-workers-india
Stitching their trajectories with determination: stories from Indore, India
Many women in Indore work as informal home-based garment workers. This case study demonstrates their commitment to investing in equipment and learning new skills in order to contribute to the family income.
Behind closed doors lies a vast segment of largely invisible women and girls working in India’s flourishing garment industry.
Women working from home account for about 14% of urban employment in India. In low- and middle-income countries, outsourced garment production thrives on account of cheap labour to keep the levels of production high and costs low.
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More information: https://www.iied.org/stitching-determination-stories-women-garment-workers-indore-india
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This presentation contains a brief overview of work to understand households’ cooking needs that can help improve the uptake of improved cooking devices and promote gender justice in the cooking space.
The presentation is by Enzo Leone, a researcher in the Shaping Sustainable Markets research group at the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
IIED is working with Caritas Kitui, Access to Energy Institute (A2EI), African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS) and Modern Energy Cooking Services (MECS).
More information: https://www.iied.org/tailored-cooking-solutions-close-gender-gap
Placing COVID-19 and the wildlife trade within the bigger picture
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The document summarizes a study on the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on wild meat use and perceptions in communities near the Dja Faunal Reserve in Cameroon. The study found that the pandemic increased difficulties in accessing schools, income, travel, customers, work and food for many communities. It also found that wild meat consumption remained important despite Covid-19 risks. Most respondents disagreed with proposals to close wild meat markets due to livelihood dependencies and a lack of alternatives. The conclusion was that pandemic impacts on livelihoods seemed more concerning than health risks from wild meat, and findings could help policymaking support communities.
Drivers of wild meat consumption steph brittain
Dr. Stephanie Brittain conducted research on the drivers of wild meat consumption in Cameroon through a literature review and fieldwork interviewing 542 people in four villages. Key findings included: 1) availability and affordability are primary drivers of wild meat consumption, while health benefits and culture are secondary; 2) consumption rates varied between villages and demographics; and 3) preferences for wild meat centered on taste and ease of access, while avoidance was due to taste, health, and tradition. The research provided insights into designing alternative food projects that consider local tastes, traditions, and access to markets and resources.
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This presentation by Stephanie Brittain was delivered during the online event 'Why eat wild meat? Insights from Africa and lessons for COVID-19 responses' on Wednesday, 4 August.
The event explored why people eat wild meat and how to design interventions that can help improve sustainability and safety.
Stephanie Brittain is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Oxford focusing on local knowledge and drivers of wild meat consumption in Cameroon.
Multifaceted approach to transition from emergency aid and rehabilitation to ...
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EPIC is funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office through its Commercial Agriculture for Smallholders and Agribusiness (CASA) programme, though the views expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of the UK government. CASA seeks to increase economic opportunities for smallholders by demonstrating the commercial viability of businesses with significant smallholder supply chains and attracting more investment into the sector.
More details: https://www.iied.org/cocoa-producer-agency-living-income-differential-lessons-civil-society-organisations
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More details: https://cba15.iied.org/atrium
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The event discussed the future of the ‘Local communities: First Line of Defence against Illegal Wildlife Trade (FLoD)’ methodology, which aims to support designers and implementers of anti-poaching and anti-wildlife trafficking strategies and projects to effectively engage local communities as partners.
The events are organised by IUCN, together with the International Institute for Environment and Development and IUCN CEESP/SSC Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group. They are supported by USAID Kenya and East Africa through the Conserving Natural Capital and Enhancing Collaborative Management of Transboundary Resources (CONNECT) project, and will supplement the comprehensive training course on FLoD, which is currently under development with support from the BIOPAMA programme, supported by the European Union and the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States.
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一比一原版(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：6496090】【(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证成绩单学位证】【微信：6496090】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微信：6496090】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
学历顾问：微信：6496090
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Can subsidies work for fish and for people?
- 1. Can subsidies work for fish and for people? Rashid Sumaila Fisheries Economics Research Unit Global Fisheries Cluster The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada r.sumaila@oceans.ubc.ca @DrRashidSumaila IIED Fish night with Sumaila London, October 17, 2018
- 3. Why ensure ocean sustainability? • Crucial for the Earth’s environmental balance & survival; • Source of animal protein for many; • Recreational, cultural & spiritual values; • Support jobs; livelihoods & incomes.
- 4. Marine fisheries employment 260 million people worldwide involved in marine fisheries, including direct and indirect sector Top 10 countries providing marine employment Teh and Sumaila (2011): Fish and Fisheries
- 5. The global ocean is under threat
- 6. Fisheries subsidies Fisheries subsidies are financial payments from public entities to the fishing sector, which help the sector make more profit than it would otherwise.
- 7. How subsidies induce overfishing MEY MSY Bionomic equilibrium (BE) Total cost of fishing effort (TC) Total Revenue (TR) Fishing effort (E) TR & TC ( $) E1 E2 E3 Max. rent TC1 TC2 BE2 BE1 TR TR & TC ($) E3 E4 Fishing effort (E) Cost-reducing subsidies Gordon Schaefer bioeconomic model
- 8. Questions addressed • What are the types and categories of fisheries subsidies? • What is the amount of fisheries subsidies provided by countries, regions & globally? • What proportion of estimated national subsidies go to small scale as compared to large scale fisheries?
- 9. • Beneficial subsidies (‘investment’ programs in fish stocks). • Harmful subsidies (‘disinvestment’ programs in fish stocks). • Ambiguous subsidies (programs may benefit or harm fish stocks). Categories of subsidies Based on work by FAO, OECD, UNEP, World Bank, WTO, UBC
- 10. Computing subsidies • Created a ‘living’ database of subsidies containing different types, for all maritime countries; • The first version of the database was published in the mid-2000s (Sumaila et al. 2006; Khan et al. 2006).
- 11. Methods: splitting global subsidies into small- and large-scale fisheries • By country and subsidy subtype; • Data categorized into 3 groups. • Assessed 74 countries (out of 147), representing 97% ($34 of $35 billion) of global total subsidies; • Remaining 3% estimated based on sub-region and subtype averages. Schuhbauer, Sumaila et al. (2017)
- 12. 26/10/2018 12 Subsidies are substantial • Capacity-enhancing subsidies 57% of total USD 35 billion • Subsidies to developed country fisheries at 65%. Sumaila et al. (2013; 2016)
- 13. Fisheries subsidies Small versus large scale fisheries Schuhbauer, Sumaila et al. (2017)
- 14. 26/10/2018 Global fisheries subsidies 14 Subsidies are made for inequality Teh & Sumaila (2011); Sumaila et al. (2013) - 50 100 150 200 250 300 Beneficial Capacity enhancing Ambiguous Developing countries Developed Subsidyperfisheryworker(USD000)
- 15. Subsidies Ocean Conservation People Fairness Positive Feedback Negative Feedback Between nations Within nations Between groups: Gender/Indigenous people Between generations
- 16. – CBC radio interview: http://oceancanada.org/about/media-coverage/ Concluding remarks
- 17. Thanks for your attention!