This study analyzed the seismic performance of multi-story buildings constructed with conventional bricks and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) blocks. Four building models were considered: a 8-story building with bricks (Model 1), a 12-story building with bricks (Model 2), a 12-story building with AAC blocks (Model 3), and a 12-story building with AAC blocks (Model 4). The buildings were modeled and analyzed using STAAD Pro software. Results showed that using AAC blocks led to decreased base shear, maximum displacement, and maximum shear force compared to conventional bricks, especially in higher seismic zones. This is because AAC blocks have lower density, reducing the dead load on the structure and improving earthquake
IRJET- Earthquake Resistant Design of Multistorey BuildingIRJET Journal
This document describes the earthquake resistant design of a 25-storey building using the software ETABS. It involves modeling the building, specifying materials and loads, and analyzing it for seismic load combinations according to Indian codes. The building is initially modeled as a regular reinforced concrete frame. Its response is analyzed in terms of shear forces, bending moments, deflections and drift. The frame columns are then replaced with shear walls and the analysis is repeated to compare the effects. The objectives are to minimize damage and loss of life from earthquakes by ensuring the structure can withstand strong ground shaking without collapse.
SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF G+7 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH AND WITHOUT SHEAR WALLIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic analysis of a G+7 residential building located in a high seismic zone V, with and without shear walls. The building is modeled in STAAD Pro software and analyzed considering Indian code IS 1893(2005). Parameters like base shear, storey shear, displacements, bending moments, and stresses are compared between the models. The results show that the model with shear walls experiences lower displacements, stresses, bending moments, and base shear, indicating that shear walls greatly improve a building's ability to resist seismic forces compared to a building without shear walls.
BEHAVIOR OF MULTI STORIED BUILDING WITH VARYING HEIGHT, SEISMIC ZONE AND SOIL...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the behavior of multi-story buildings with varying heights, seismic zones, and soil types under a constant wind speed using STAAD Pro software. Three building models of G+10, G+15, and G+20 stories with the same plan area were considered. Each building was subjected to different seismic zones and soil types. Parameters like nodal displacement and bending moment were analyzed for different zones and soil types. The results showed that nodal displacement and bending moment increased with increasing seismic zone and building height. Additionally, the rate of increase was higher for softer soil types and lower story buildings. The study aims to determine which factor, earthquake or wind, dominates based on building height and location.
Study of Seismic Performance of RC Building with Flat Plate Influenced by Con...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic performance of a 10-story reinforced concrete building with a flat plate influenced by concrete shear walls. The building was analyzed using ETABS software with the shear wall located at different positions. Results show that with a shear wall, time period and displacements decrease while base shear and stiffness increase, improving seismic performance. Maximum story drift is lowest when the shear wall is at the mid-length along the X-direction. In conclusion, a flat plate building requires shear walls to resist lateral loads during earthquakes in order to control deformations and prevent failure.
IRJET- A Study on Seismic Analysis of RC Framed Structures on Varying Slo...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete framed structures located on varying slope angles, with and without shear walls. 12 models of a 10-story building were developed with slope angles of 0°, 11.25°, 22.5°, and 45° to analyze seismic performance. The models were analyzed using ETABS software for equivalent static and response spectrum analysis according to Indian seismic codes. Results for parameters like base shear, story shear, story displacement, and story drift were obtained and compared for models with shear walls at corners, corners and edges, and without shear walls. In general, models with shear walls performed better in reducing seismic demands.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of G+10 RCC Building with AAC Blocks and Conventi...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of seismic performance between a G+10 reinforced concrete building with autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) block infill walls and one with conventional clay brick infill walls. The buildings are modeled in ETABS software, with the infill walls represented using equivalent diagonal struts. Parameters like lateral displacements, steel consumption, construction cost and time are compared between the two models. Previous studies on the properties of AAC blocks and their potential to reduce cost and increase sustainability compared to clay bricks are also reviewed. The objectives of the study are to reduce construction cost and stiffening effects of infill walls on the frame under seismic loads by using AAC blocks.
IRJET- A Study on Seismic Evaluation of RC Framed Structures on Varying Perce...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete framed structures with varying percentages of diaphragm discontinuity, with and without shear walls. 12 models of a G+10 story building were developed in ETABS with 0%, 8.33%, 16.66%, and 33.32% diaphragm openings. The models were analyzed using equivalent static analysis and response spectrum analysis according to Indian standards. Results for base shear, story shear, story displacement, and story drift ratios were obtained and discussed. It was found that providing shear walls, especially at the corners and periphery of openings, helped reduce seismic demands on the structure compared to models without shear walls.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis and Design of Multi-Story Composite and Conventio...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of multi-story composite and conventional reinforced concrete frame structures (G+21) using ETABS software. It summarizes the modeling and analysis of composite and concrete building models, and compares the results for base shear, axial force, and shear force. The analysis found that while base shear and axial force values were generally higher for concrete structures, shear force values tended to be higher for composite structures, especially at lower story levels. The document concludes the composite structure is more efficient due to benefits like reduced dead load, cost savings, and faster construction time compared to conventional reinforced concrete.
IRJET- Earthquake Resistant Design of Multistorey BuildingIRJET Journal
This document describes the earthquake resistant design of a 25-storey building using the software ETABS. It involves modeling the building, specifying materials and loads, and analyzing it for seismic load combinations according to Indian codes. The building is initially modeled as a regular reinforced concrete frame. Its response is analyzed in terms of shear forces, bending moments, deflections and drift. The frame columns are then replaced with shear walls and the analysis is repeated to compare the effects. The objectives are to minimize damage and loss of life from earthquakes by ensuring the structure can withstand strong ground shaking without collapse.
SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF G+7 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH AND WITHOUT SHEAR WALLIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic analysis of a G+7 residential building located in a high seismic zone V, with and without shear walls. The building is modeled in STAAD Pro software and analyzed considering Indian code IS 1893(2005). Parameters like base shear, storey shear, displacements, bending moments, and stresses are compared between the models. The results show that the model with shear walls experiences lower displacements, stresses, bending moments, and base shear, indicating that shear walls greatly improve a building's ability to resist seismic forces compared to a building without shear walls.
BEHAVIOR OF MULTI STORIED BUILDING WITH VARYING HEIGHT, SEISMIC ZONE AND SOIL...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the behavior of multi-story buildings with varying heights, seismic zones, and soil types under a constant wind speed using STAAD Pro software. Three building models of G+10, G+15, and G+20 stories with the same plan area were considered. Each building was subjected to different seismic zones and soil types. Parameters like nodal displacement and bending moment were analyzed for different zones and soil types. The results showed that nodal displacement and bending moment increased with increasing seismic zone and building height. Additionally, the rate of increase was higher for softer soil types and lower story buildings. The study aims to determine which factor, earthquake or wind, dominates based on building height and location.
Study of Seismic Performance of RC Building with Flat Plate Influenced by Con...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic performance of a 10-story reinforced concrete building with a flat plate influenced by concrete shear walls. The building was analyzed using ETABS software with the shear wall located at different positions. Results show that with a shear wall, time period and displacements decrease while base shear and stiffness increase, improving seismic performance. Maximum story drift is lowest when the shear wall is at the mid-length along the X-direction. In conclusion, a flat plate building requires shear walls to resist lateral loads during earthquakes in order to control deformations and prevent failure.
IRJET- A Study on Seismic Analysis of RC Framed Structures on Varying Slo...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete framed structures located on varying slope angles, with and without shear walls. 12 models of a 10-story building were developed with slope angles of 0°, 11.25°, 22.5°, and 45° to analyze seismic performance. The models were analyzed using ETABS software for equivalent static and response spectrum analysis according to Indian seismic codes. Results for parameters like base shear, story shear, story displacement, and story drift were obtained and compared for models with shear walls at corners, corners and edges, and without shear walls. In general, models with shear walls performed better in reducing seismic demands.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of G+10 RCC Building with AAC Blocks and Conventi...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of seismic performance between a G+10 reinforced concrete building with autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) block infill walls and one with conventional clay brick infill walls. The buildings are modeled in ETABS software, with the infill walls represented using equivalent diagonal struts. Parameters like lateral displacements, steel consumption, construction cost and time are compared between the two models. Previous studies on the properties of AAC blocks and their potential to reduce cost and increase sustainability compared to clay bricks are also reviewed. The objectives of the study are to reduce construction cost and stiffening effects of infill walls on the frame under seismic loads by using AAC blocks.
IRJET- A Study on Seismic Evaluation of RC Framed Structures on Varying Perce...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete framed structures with varying percentages of diaphragm discontinuity, with and without shear walls. 12 models of a G+10 story building were developed in ETABS with 0%, 8.33%, 16.66%, and 33.32% diaphragm openings. The models were analyzed using equivalent static analysis and response spectrum analysis according to Indian standards. Results for base shear, story shear, story displacement, and story drift ratios were obtained and discussed. It was found that providing shear walls, especially at the corners and periphery of openings, helped reduce seismic demands on the structure compared to models without shear walls.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis and Design of Multi-Story Composite and Conventio...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of multi-story composite and conventional reinforced concrete frame structures (G+21) using ETABS software. It summarizes the modeling and analysis of composite and concrete building models, and compares the results for base shear, axial force, and shear force. The analysis found that while base shear and axial force values were generally higher for concrete structures, shear force values tended to be higher for composite structures, especially at lower story levels. The document concludes the composite structure is more efficient due to benefits like reduced dead load, cost savings, and faster construction time compared to conventional reinforced concrete.
IRJET- Analysis of Steel Braced Symmetrical RCC Building with Designed I-Sect...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes a steel-braced symmetrical reinforced concrete building with and without designed I-section rubber base isolators. The building is modeled in ETABS software and response spectrum analysis is conducted. Base isolators are designed as I-section shapes made of rubber with specified dimensions. Analysis shows that with base isolators, story displacements, drifts and base shear are reduced, indicating lower earthquake effects on the building and more stable performance. Therefore, use of bracings and base isolators can significantly reduce potential damage to structures from earthquakes.
IRJET- Analysis of Steel Braced Symmetrical RCC Building with Designed I-...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes a steel braced symmetrical reinforced concrete building with and without designed I-sectional rubber base isolators. The building is modeled in ETABS software and response spectrum analysis is conducted. Base isolators are designed as I-sections to isolate the structure from ground movements during earthquakes. Analysis shows that with base isolators, displacements, drift, and base shear are reduced, indicating lower earthquake effects on the building and more stable performance. Therefore, steel bracing combined with base isolators is effective at minimizing earthquake damage to structures.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Rc Structure with Different Infill MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document compares the seismic performance of a G+5 reinforced concrete building with different infill materials through structural analysis. It models the building with conventional brick infill, conventional brick infill with partitions, autoclaved aerated concrete block infill, and autoclaved aerated concrete block infill with partitions. The analysis finds that using light weight autoclaved aerated concrete blocks results in lower base shear forces, steel reinforcement requirements, footing reactions, and displacements compared to conventional brick infill. This indicates that a building with autoclaved aerated concrete block infill provides better seismic performance.
“THE SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF THE DIFFERENT INFILL MATERIALS USED IN THE CONSTRU...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the seismic resistance of different infill materials used in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The study examines the impact of infill masonry walls on the dynamic performance of high-rise RC buildings subjected to lateral seismic loads. Models of a G+10 building located in different seismic zones were analyzed with different infill materials, including AAC block masonry, red clay brick masonry, and fly ash brick masonry. The infill walls were modeled using an equivalent diagonal strut approach according to Indian codes. Linear dynamic analysis using the response spectrum method was performed and parameters like base shear, story drift and displacement were compared for bare frame and infilled frame models.
“THE SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF THE DIFFERENT INFILL MATERIALS USED IN THE CONSTRU...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic resistance of different infill materials used in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The study examines the impact of infill masonry walls on the linear dynamic performance of a G+10 RC building subjected to lateral seismic loads. Models of the bare frame and infilled frames using different materials like AAC block, red brick, and fly ash brick are analyzed using response spectrum analysis. The results show that infill walls increase the base shear and decrease story drift, displacement, and fundamental natural time period compared to the bare frame model. Red brick masonry provides the highest increase in base shear while AAC block masonry gives the lowest reduction in story drift, displacement, and time
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT SHEAR WALL ON IRREGULAR STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that compares the effects of different shear wall materials on an irregular high-rise building structure's earthquake resistance. Seven building models were analyzed: the original building plan, and plans with added shear walls of varying thickness of reinforced concrete or steel plate. Dynamic analysis using the response spectrum method was performed to determine story drift, time period, base shear, and other properties. The study found that increasing the thickness of steel plate shear walls decreases story drift and slightly reduces time period, while base shear is slightly reduced by thicker steel plate walls. Reinforced concrete wall thickness also impacts story drift and time period.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL SLAB AND FLAT SLAB STRU...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the seismic analysis of conventional slab and flat slab structures with and without shear walls using ETABS software. A 12-story building model with a conventional slab, flat slab without shear walls, and flat slab with shear walls at corners is created. The buildings are analyzed for different seismic zones and soil types according to Indian standards. Results for parameters like story displacement, story drift, story stiffness, and natural period are presented in graphs for each model and seismic zone using both the equivalent static method and response spectrum method. The study found that the flat slab structure with shear walls performed best with lower displacement, drift, and higher stiffness. Increasing the seismic zone was found to increase displacement and drift while keeping stiffness
Analysis Of Earthquake Resistant Structure By Base Isolation MethodIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses the analysis of earthquake-resistant structures using base isolation methods. Base isolation involves inserting seismic isolators at the base of a structure to decouple it from ground motions during an earthquake.
2. Several types of base isolators are discussed, including lead-rubber bearings, which provide rigidity under service loads and energy dissipation during seismic events.
3. A 10-story residential building is modeled using ETABS software to compare the seismic performance of a fixed-base structure versus one with base isolators. Results show that base isolation reduces story drift, displacement, and base shear, indicating less damage to the isolated structure.
COST EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETEIRJET Journal
This document compares the cost effectiveness of using high performance concrete versus normal concrete for building construction. It discusses how high performance concrete can provide structural benefits like reduced member sizes, self-weight, and foundation costs. The document outlines a study that analyzed a multi-story building modelled in ETABS to compare concrete usage, steel reinforcement needs, and costs when using concrete grades from M20 to M40. It was found that using high performance concrete for columns and other load-bearing elements proved to be the most cost-effective option by reducing both the total volume of concrete and total construction costs.
Effect of Positioning and Configuration of Shear Walls on Seismic Performance...IRJET Journal
1) The document analyzes the seismic performance of RC buildings with different shear wall configurations on both hilly and plain terrain.
2) Five building models are considered: without shear walls, with straight, L-shaped, T-shaped, and channel-shaped shear walls.
3) Response spectrum analysis is performed using ETABS software. Results for fundamental time period, base shear, and story displacements are compared between the models.
Cost Effectiveness of Reinforced Concrete and Post Tensioning Beam in Multi-S...IRJET Journal
This document compares the cost effectiveness of using reinforced concrete (RC) beams versus post-tensioned (PT) beams for a 20m span in a six-story commercial building. It analyzes and designs two structural models using RC and PT beams and calculates material quantities and costs. The results show that the PT beam model has 10% lower construction costs compared to the RC beam model due to reduced concrete and reinforcing steel requirements of the PT beams. Specifically, the PT beams require less concrete, non-prestressing steel, and shuttering but more prestressing steel compared to the RC beams.
IRJET- Behavioral Study of Scaled GFRG Wall Panel Containing Opening Subjecte...IRJET Journal
- The document investigates the behavior of glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GFRG) wall panels with and without an opening when subjected to lateral loading.
- GFRG walls are a lightweight and energy efficient building material. The study tests 1m x 1m GFRG wall panels with and without a 0.15m x 0.4m central opening under repeated lateral loads.
- The panel without an opening achieved a peak load of 102kN, while visible cracks began appearing at 84kN. The panel with a central opening showed similar failure behavior to the solid panel under lateral loading.
Seismic Analysis of RCC Building without and With Shear WallsIRJET Journal
- The document discusses seismic analysis of a 15-story reinforced concrete (RC) building both without and with shear walls.
- A building model with plan dimensions of 36m x 36m and 3.2m floor heights was analyzed using ETABS software. Material properties and section dimensions were specified.
- Models were analyzed using the response spectrum method according to Indian codes for seismic zone III and medium soil. Results for storey shear, moments and drift were compared between models with and without shear walls.
A REVIEW ON SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF RC BUILDING WITH LIGHTWEIGHT BRICKS AND CO...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on comparing the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings using lightweight bricks versus conventional bricks. Several studies are summarized that analyze multi-story building models using different software and analyze parameters like base shear, displacement, drift, forces, and periods. The research generally finds that buildings with lightweight brick infill have reduced base shear, forces, and displacement compared to conventional brick infill. Lightweight bricks are found to improve seismic performance by reducing the seismic weight of structures.
IRJET- Comparative Study on Seismic Analysis of Multistorey Buildings wit...IRJET Journal
This document compares the seismic analysis of multistory buildings with bracing and shear walls. A 9-story building model is created in ETABS software with different configurations of bracing and shear walls. Parameters like story drift, displacement and shear are compared between the bare frame model and models with bracing or shear walls. Results show that shear walls are most effective at reducing story drift and displacement, while both bracing and shear walls increase story shear compared to the bare frame. Placing shear walls at the corners provides the best seismic performance with less drift and deflection.
Cost Optimization of R.C Multistory BuildingIRJET Journal
This document discusses cost optimization methods for reinforced concrete multistory buildings. It analyzes 19 models of reinforced concrete frames with varying parameters like material grades, column and beam sizes, slab thickness, and seismic design approaches. Each model is analyzed in STAAD Pro and the steel and concrete quantities per square meter are calculated and compared to the traditional model. The optimized model requires 3149.38mm2 of steel per square meter, less than the traditional model. Floor-wise reduction of column sizes, use of lighter materials like Siporex bricks, and special moment resisting frames can all make the structure more economical for seismic zone II compared to the traditional design approaches.
IRJET- Comparative Seismic Evaluation of Response of RC Building with Shear W...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative seismic evaluation of a 15-story reinforced concrete building with different bracing systems, including shear walls, X-bracing, V-bracing, and combined V-bracing. Three models are analyzed: an unbraced frame, frames with bracing at corner bays, and frames with bracing at the 3rd and 5th bays. Response spectrum analysis is conducted using ETABS software to determine seismic parameters like maximum displacement, drift, base shear, and time period. Results show that shear walls and bracing systems reduce displacement and drift compared to an unbraced frame, with shear walls performing the best in minimizing seismic response.
IRJET-Analysis of G+25 RCC Bare Framed Structure with Shear Wall Under the Ef...IRJET Journal
This document presents an analysis of a G+25 reinforced concrete bare framed structure with shear walls under seismic loads. Four models are analyzed with shear walls placed at different locations (intermediate, corner, middle, core) and compared to a conventional structure without shear walls. The objectives are to analyze seismic forces for Zone III and compare bending moments and shear forces. The methodology uses STAAD Pro V8i to model and analyze the structures. Results show that the model with a shear wall at the corner performs best, with bending moments reduced by 37% compared to the conventional structure without shear walls. In conclusion, adding shear walls, especially at the corner, improves a structure's ability to resist seismic forces.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Laterite ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on using laterite sand as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Concrete mixes were designed for M20 and M25 grade concrete. Fine aggregate was replaced with laterite sand at rates of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. Testing of concrete cubes showed that compressive and splitting tensile strengths increased with laterite sand replacement up to 20% replacement, beyond which the strengths decreased. The study concluded that 20% replacement of fine aggregate with laterite sand produced the highest concrete strengths for both M20 and M25 grades.
Seismic Performance of Flat Slab Structures Under Static and Dynamic LoadsIRJET Journal
This document presents research on analyzing the seismic performance of flat slab structures under static and dynamic loads. Models of flat slab structures with varying lateral stiffness were created, from flexible columns only to stiffer combinations of columns and shear walls. The models were subjected to seismic and dynamic loads, and the structural responses like natural periods, base shear, displacement, and inter-story drift were studied. The results showed that providing edge beams and shear walls strengthened flat slab structures seismically. Key aspects analyzed included the natural period, base shear, displacement, and inter-story drift of flat plate and flat slab structures with different configurations, under static and dynamic seismic loads.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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This document reviews research on comparing the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings using lightweight bricks versus conventional bricks. Several studies are summarized that analyze multi-story building models using different software and analyze parameters like base shear, displacement, drift, forces, and periods. The research generally finds that buildings with lightweight brick infill have reduced base shear, forces, and displacement compared to conventional brick infill. Lightweight bricks are found to improve seismic performance by reducing the seismic weight of structures.
IRJET- Comparative Study on Seismic Analysis of Multistorey Buildings wit...IRJET Journal
This document compares the seismic analysis of multistory buildings with bracing and shear walls. A 9-story building model is created in ETABS software with different configurations of bracing and shear walls. Parameters like story drift, displacement and shear are compared between the bare frame model and models with bracing or shear walls. Results show that shear walls are most effective at reducing story drift and displacement, while both bracing and shear walls increase story shear compared to the bare frame. Placing shear walls at the corners provides the best seismic performance with less drift and deflection.
Cost Optimization of R.C Multistory BuildingIRJET Journal
This document discusses cost optimization methods for reinforced concrete multistory buildings. It analyzes 19 models of reinforced concrete frames with varying parameters like material grades, column and beam sizes, slab thickness, and seismic design approaches. Each model is analyzed in STAAD Pro and the steel and concrete quantities per square meter are calculated and compared to the traditional model. The optimized model requires 3149.38mm2 of steel per square meter, less than the traditional model. Floor-wise reduction of column sizes, use of lighter materials like Siporex bricks, and special moment resisting frames can all make the structure more economical for seismic zone II compared to the traditional design approaches.
IRJET- Comparative Seismic Evaluation of Response of RC Building with Shear W...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative seismic evaluation of a 15-story reinforced concrete building with different bracing systems, including shear walls, X-bracing, V-bracing, and combined V-bracing. Three models are analyzed: an unbraced frame, frames with bracing at corner bays, and frames with bracing at the 3rd and 5th bays. Response spectrum analysis is conducted using ETABS software to determine seismic parameters like maximum displacement, drift, base shear, and time period. Results show that shear walls and bracing systems reduce displacement and drift compared to an unbraced frame, with shear walls performing the best in minimizing seismic response.
IRJET-Analysis of G+25 RCC Bare Framed Structure with Shear Wall Under the Ef...IRJET Journal
This document presents an analysis of a G+25 reinforced concrete bare framed structure with shear walls under seismic loads. Four models are analyzed with shear walls placed at different locations (intermediate, corner, middle, core) and compared to a conventional structure without shear walls. The objectives are to analyze seismic forces for Zone III and compare bending moments and shear forces. The methodology uses STAAD Pro V8i to model and analyze the structures. Results show that the model with a shear wall at the corner performs best, with bending moments reduced by 37% compared to the conventional structure without shear walls. In conclusion, adding shear walls, especially at the corner, improves a structure's ability to resist seismic forces.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Laterite ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on using laterite sand as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Concrete mixes were designed for M20 and M25 grade concrete. Fine aggregate was replaced with laterite sand at rates of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. Testing of concrete cubes showed that compressive and splitting tensile strengths increased with laterite sand replacement up to 20% replacement, beyond which the strengths decreased. The study concluded that 20% replacement of fine aggregate with laterite sand produced the highest concrete strengths for both M20 and M25 grades.
Seismic Performance of Flat Slab Structures Under Static and Dynamic LoadsIRJET Journal
This document presents research on analyzing the seismic performance of flat slab structures under static and dynamic loads. Models of flat slab structures with varying lateral stiffness were created, from flexible columns only to stiffer combinations of columns and shear walls. The models were subjected to seismic and dynamic loads, and the structural responses like natural periods, base shear, displacement, and inter-story drift were studied. The results showed that providing edge beams and shear walls strengthened flat slab structures seismically. Key aspects analyzed included the natural period, base shear, displacement, and inter-story drift of flat plate and flat slab structures with different configurations, under static and dynamic seismic loads.
Similar to STUDY TO EFFECT OF DESIGN CHANGE OF EARTHQUAKE PERFORMANCE AND MITIGATION BY THE USE OF AAC BLOCK (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.