Stress at a point
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This document discusses different types of forces and stresses. It defines surface forces as forces distributed over a body's surface, like hydrostatic pressure, and body forces as forces distributed throughout a body's volume, like gravitational force. It also defines stress as a measure of force per unit area within a body, and explains that stress can be broken down into normal and shear components based on their orientation relative to the plane they act on.
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This document discusses friction, including its three main types (dry, boundary, and film friction), and laws of friction. It also defines the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction μ is the ratio of the friction force F' to the normal reaction force Rn. It represents the limiting value of the tangent of the angle of friction φ between the surface reaction force R and the normal direction. Friction opposes relative motion between surfaces and depends on the contact materials.
STENGTH OF MATERIALS
- Stress is defined as the resistance force acting per unit cross-section area of a body. It is calculated as the applied load divided by the cross-sectional area.
- The main types of stress are normal stress, shear stress, tensile stress, and compressive stress. Tensile stress results from pulling forces, while compressive stress is from pushing forces.
- Shear stress acts tangentially across a surface. Elasticity refers to a material's ability to deform under stress but return to its original shape when the stress is removed, as described by Hooke's law.
Chapter 2 friction
This document discusses friction, including the limiting force of friction, coefficient of friction, angle of friction, and angle of repose. It defines static and dynamic friction, with dynamic friction further divided into sliding and rolling friction. The laws of static and kinetic friction are also outlined. Several example problems are provided to calculate values like the coefficient of friction given information about the applied forces and weights of objects on horizontal or inclined planes.
1 - 29 Jan 2023.pptx
1) Materials deform when stressed, returning to original shape within the elastic limit. Beyond this, deformation is permanent.
2) Hooke's law describes the linear relationship between stress and strain within the elastic limit. The slope is Young's modulus, a measure of stiffness.
3) Poisson's ratio defines the lateral contraction that occurs when a material is stretched. Most materials contract laterally to some degree.
Unit 1 (1)
This document provides information on stress, strain, elasticity, Hooke's law, and other fundamental concepts in strength of materials. Some key points:
- Stress is defined as the internal resisting force per unit area within a material when subjected to external forces. It is proportional to applied load and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area.
- Strain is the ratio of deformation to original dimension of a material. There are different types including tensile, compressive, and shear strains.
- Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit, stress is proportional to strain. The proportionality constant is known as modulus of elasticity.
- Materials behave elastically and return to their original shape when
Types of stresses
This document discusses different types of stresses:
1. Stress is defined as the internal resisting force per unit area within a material subjected to an external force. Different types of stresses include normal stress, shear stress, tensile stress, compressive stress, bending shear stress, and torsional shear stress.
2. Tensile stress acts normal to the area and pulls on the area, while compressive stress pushes on the area. Shear stress induces a tendency for a material to shear off across a resisting section when subjected to opposing tangential forces.
3. Bending shear stress results when a beam experiences loading, producing compressive stress on the top fibers and tensile stress on the bottom fibers that varies linearly
4.Friction (Biomedical Physics).pdf
1) Friction is the opposing force that resists the relative motion between two objects in contact. It can be static (when objects are not moving) or kinetic (when objects are moving).
2) Static friction ranges from zero to a maximum value called limiting or critical friction. Kinetic friction is lower than static friction and remains constant.
3) Friction depends on the nature of the surfaces and the normal force between them. The coefficient of friction is the ratio between frictional and normal forces. Friction has advantages like allowing vehicles and machinery to function but also results in wasted energy.
Shiwua paper
This document summarizes the key concepts from a seminar on structural vibration analysis using finite element methods. It introduces common sources and types of vibration, including free vibration from impacts and forced vibration from repetitive external forces. It also describes using finite element analysis to model structural vibration, including modeling structures as mass-spring-damper systems and discretizing continuous structures into finite elements to analyze their vibration modes and frequencies.
Som stress and strain
This document defines and describes different types of stresses and strains. Stress is the internal force per unit area that opposes deformation when a load is applied to a body. Strain is the deformation or change in length per original length of a body under an applied load. The types of stresses discussed include axial/direct stresses (tensile and compressive), shear stresses, bending stresses, combined stresses, and thermal stresses. Combined stress results from a combination of direct and indirect stresses, such as bending, torsional, and thermal stresses. Thermal stress is caused by changes in temperature and depends on the material's coefficient of thermal expansion.
Introduction to engineering basics
This document discusses key concepts in strength of materials and engineering basics. It defines stress as the force per unit area on a material, and strain as the deformation or change in shape of a material under stress. The document outlines different types of stresses like tensile, compressive, and shear stress and the corresponding strains. It also discusses stress-strain curves and elastic properties like Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Finally, it covers topics like types of beams, loads, mechanical properties and more.
Introduction to engineering basics
This document discusses key concepts in strength of materials and engineering basics. It defines stress as the force per unit area on a material, and strain as the deformation or change in shape of a material under stress. The document outlines different types of stresses like tensile, compressive, and shear stress and the corresponding strains. It also discusses stress-strain curves and elastic properties like Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Finally, it covers types of beams, loads, and mechanical properties of materials.
1.3 Stress & Strain Relationship of Hooke’s Law.ppt
Stress refers to external forces applied to a material, while strain refers to the deformation or change in shape of the material resulting from those stresses. Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit, the amount of strain produced is directly proportional to the stress applied. Different moduli describe the relationship between stress and strain, including Young's modulus, the bulk modulus, and the shear modulus. Stress and strain can be longitudinal, relating to changes in length, or transverse, relating to changes in width or thickness. The elastic limit is the maximum stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation, after which plastic deformation or fracture may occur.
Stress & Strain PPT.ppt
This document provides an overview of fundamental mechanical engineering concepts including stress, strain, Hooke's law, stress-strain diagrams, elastic constants, and mechanical properties. It defines stress as force per unit area and strain as the deformation of a material from stress. Hooke's law states that stress is directly proportional to strain within the elastic limit. Stress-strain diagrams are presented for ductile and brittle materials. Key elastic constants like Young's modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio are defined along with their relationships. Mechanical properties of materials like elasticity, plasticity, ductility, strength, brittleness, toughness, hardness, and stiffness are also summarized.
Stress & Strain PPT.ppt
This document provides an overview of fundamental mechanical engineering concepts including stress, strain, Hooke's law, stress-strain diagrams, and elastic properties of materials. Key points include:
- Stress is defined as force per unit area. Normal stress acts perpendicular to the area while shear stress acts tangentially.
- Strain is the deformation from applied stress. Tensile and compressive strains refer to changes in length while shear and volumetric strains refer to other types of deformations.
- Hooke's law states that stress is directly proportional to strain within the elastic limit. The modulus of elasticity is the constant of proportionality.
- Stress-strain diagrams graphically show the relationship between stress and strain
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1.3 Stress & Strain Relationship of Hooke’s Law.ppt
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
ここ3000字までしか入らないけどタイトルの方がたくさん文字入ると思います。
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Stress at a point
- 5. Force Force F can be written as the vector sum of three independent component. Fx, Fy, Fz, I,j,k are the unit vector associated with the coordinates x, y, z F= Fxi+ Fyj+ Fzk F
- 7. Force Force F can be written as the vector sum of three independent component. Fx, Fy, Fz, I,j,k are the unit vector associated with the coordinates x, y, z F= Fxi+ Fyj+ Fzk F
- 9. Intensity of a force (stress) If a solid sustaining forces were to be cut ,a force F would have to act on the exposed face to maintain equilibrium.. For a cut perpendicular to the x-axis. The resultant contribution of these internal forces on the area element A to be F Component of F along x,y, z axis are the intensities of these force component are termed as stress Component.
- 13. Torsion
- 16. where shear stresses across the diagonal are identical (i.e. s xy = s yx , s yz = s zy , and s zx = s xz ) as a result of static equilibrium (no net moment). This grouping of the nine stress components is known as the stress tensor (or stress matrix).
- 17. Normal and Shear stress
- 19. Sign convention