Stratification of sports and fitness at high schools
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The researchers chose three high schools of different socioeconomic statuses to compare: Star Spencer (low SES), Putnam City West (middle class), and Heritage Hall (upper middle class). Star Spencer had higher poverty rates and lower household incomes compared to the other schools. Putnam City West's demographics were more racially diverse than Heritage Hall. The researchers examined the schools' fitness facilities and importance of sports participation, finding sports correlate to higher college attendance rates, health benefits, and positive psychological outcomes, especially for lower SES students who tend to have lower fitness levels.
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Similar to Stratification of sports and fitness at high schools
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Instructor’s Feedback
Depth and Relevance: 4.5 out of 4.5
Reply post responds completely to all facets of another student’s initial post, incorporating different points of view, ideas or concepts related.
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Reply post integrates course materials (textbook and ancillary article from student’s post).
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Reply post has between 250-350 words. (This word count does not include the actual discussion question being written or the reference list.)
Hello Samuel,
There are several ideas you have expressed in your post, which I support. First, I want to join you in your view that there is inadequate research on cultural diversity in sport psychology. The increasing population of diverse populations in sports in the United States, whereby many immigrants have been incorporated into sports and athletics, should be characterized by more research on cultural diversity to enable diverse players to understand how they can relate with their coach, fellow athletes, and sportsmen and women (Schinke & Moore, 2011). It is also important because it will ensure that all the affected parties understand and can interpret rules and regulations safeguarding sports in foreign countries. Many reports have shown that the United States is more diverse today, with a greater population of African players and athletes dominating the country.
Cultural diversity in sports has contributed to the current intense competition, innovation, and talented players and athletes in America. In your post, I agree that research on cultural diversity in sport psychology will ensure that sports psychologists gain an in-depth understanding of the athletes with whom they work. It is also key in demonstrating respect for and integration of cultural constructs in the treatment room (Ryba et al., 2013). Another important idea you have identified in your post is that intense research on cultural diversity in sport psychology is key because it helps sports psychologists maintain personal and professional self-awareness.
From your post, it is evident that a lack of research on cultural diversity in sport psychology can lead to an organization's lack of inclusive culture. This is mainly occurring due to a diverse organization that is not properly oriented and guided by organizational behaviors and culture (Gill & William, 2008). The resultant effect of a diverse culture is that it can change an organization's culture, which can make it miss its core values and general mandate.
References
Gill, D. L., & William, L. (2008). Gender, diversity, and cultural competence.
Psychological dynamics of sport and exercise. 2nd. Champaign: Human Kinetics, 267-290.
Schinke, R., & Moore, Z. E. (2011). Culturally informed sport psychology: Introduction to the special issue.
Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology,
5(4), 283-294.
Ryba, T. V., S.
Redefing sport as a tool to address the critical issues facing todays youth
Redefing sport as a tool to address the critical issues facing todays youthInternational Sport for Development and Peace Association
This document discusses the Up2Us coalition and its goal of advocating for youth sports programs. It aims to support organizations, build the youth sports workforce, and serve more kids. Up2Us initiatives include a coach training program, quality metrics, and conferences. Research shows youth sports can have positive physical, social, cognitive, and lifestyle benefits. However, budgets cuts are threatening sports. Up2Us is launching the Get:Set program to create a resource platform and make the case for investing in youth sports by highlighting the links between sports and health, education, pro-social behavior, and avoiding risky activities. It calls for more evidence and evaluation to prove the value of youth sports.Megan bartlett up2 us
This document discusses the Up2Us coalition's goals of supporting youth sports organizations, building the youth sports workforce, and advocating for resources to serve more children. It summarizes research showing the positive physical, social, emotional, and educational benefits of youth sports participation, such as improved academic performance, health outcomes, and avoidance of risky behaviors. However, youth sports are at risk of budget cuts and pay-to-play policies. The document calls for further research to prove the value of youth sports and for practitioners to better evaluate their programs, in order to strengthen the case for investing in youth sports.
CAAdolescentsAreMorePAWhenGreaterOpportunity
California adolescents are more physically active when they have greater opportunities for physical activity at school and in their community. The study found:
1) Teens reported higher physical activity levels when they had more days of physical education classes per week and more opportunities for after-school physical activity at school.
2) Participating in individual sports like dance, gymnastics or martial arts in the community predicted greater physical activity for all teens.
3) Perceived neighborhood safety was linked to more physical activity for boys.
4) Household poverty was associated with less physical activity for girls.
Poster Presentation Faculty/Student Research with Dr. Bridges
- Rates of obesity have more than doubled in adolescents ages 12-19 over the last 30 years, and being overweight as a child often leads to more severe obesity in adulthood. Linguistic isolation among families is associated with lower levels of physical activity and higher rates of obesity among adolescents.
- The study examined the relationship between three measures of linguistic isolation for middle and high school students across Florida counties and rates of being overweight and insufficient vigorous physical activity.
- For middle school students, higher linguistic isolation across counties was correlated with insufficient physical activity even after accounting for median household income, but no association was found with rates of being overweight. For high school students, one measure of linguistic isolation correlated with being overweight and
hprf100wFinalpaper
This document is a literature review on factors that influence physical activity levels in primary school children. It discusses three factors: parental influence, participation in sports/muscular fitness, and physical education programs in schools. The literature review analyzes three studies that examined these factors and their relationship to children's physical activity and health outcomes. The studies used methods like observing children's activity during recess, examining links between parental activity levels and children's activity and health metrics, and assessing effects of physical education programs on activity levels. The review found that all three factors can positively influence children's physical activity.
Compensating Collegiate AthletesIntroductionThere’s a signif
Compensating Collegiate Athletes
Introduction
There’s a significant debate on whether paying college athletes is appropriate in the modern age.
One major factor in this subject is that colleges make money off their athletes through ticket and merchandise sales.
College athletes should receive some form of compensation because it reduces the financial burden on the athlete, increases the quality and effectiveness of the education received, and shows support and value to the athlete as refusing to pay them could make the athlete feel disposable. Paying college athletes reduces the financial burden on the athlete
A. College is expensive and most scholarships don’t cover all expenses. Fees, supplies, and food are often excluded from scholarship money. Many athletes do not receive full scholarships.
B. College athletes aren’t able to work as they are committed to training, practice, and games for the school. 1. Working a part-time job takes time. College athletes have rigorous schedules that already compromise their study time. Paying athletes increases the quality of the education received
A. Athletes have more time to focus on getting a solid education.
B. Athletes have fewer distractions to worry about.Refusing to pay athletes can affect their mental health by making them feel disposable
A. Athletes want to feel valued as they garner a lot of attention for colleges.
B. College is tough of the psyche and can be an extremely stressful experience. Opposition: Paying college athletes is spoiling them as they already receive scholarships
A. Scholarships do not cover all costs of a college education.
B. College athletes have greater responsibilities as they must perform for the school by physically and mentally in the classroom. Conclusion
A. Paying college athletes is a necessary part of growth in the modern society.
B. Athletes need to feel valued as the school makes millions of dollars from their performances.
C. Paying college athletes can reduce their financial burdens as many come from homes that aren’t able to afford many college luxuries.
Compensating Collegiate Athletes Page 2 of 2
Howard 1
Jennifer Howard
Professor Nelson
English 1301 Composition I
3 March 2021
Progress Report
Wallsten, Kevin et al. "Prejudice or Principled Conservatism? Racial Resentment and White Opinion Toward Paying College Athletes". Political Research Quarterly, vol 70, no. 1, 2017, pp. 209-222. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1065912916685186. Accessed 3 Mar 2021.
The article by Wallsten, Nteta, McCarthy, and Tarsi (2017) acknowledges the role of racial resentment in studies that focus on race, ethnicity, and politics. Through their research, they attempt to address the role of racial resentment in the shaping of opinions shared by the majority race. The study primarily focuses on policies such as “pay for play” which does not require federal or government relocation of resources. By focusing on college athletes, they employ cross-sectional and ...
Chapter 11 Lecture Notes.pptx
1) The document discusses sex, gender, and inequality from a sociological perspective. It distinguishes between sex (biological) and gender (socially constructed) and explains the sociological significance of gender.
2) Gender is explored as a master status that structures society and impacts the distribution of property, power and prestige. While biology plays a role, standards of gender and behaviors vary widely by culture.
3) The document examines gender inequality globally and in the US through topics like the origins of discrimination, sex-typing of work, prestige of work, pay gaps, violence against women, and barriers in education and careers. It provides statistics and examples to illustrate these issues.
J Child Fam Stud (2007) 16331–346DOI 10.1007s10826-006-908.docx
J Child Fam Stud (2007) 16:331–346
DOI 10.1007/s10826-006-9089-y
O R I G I N A L PA P E R
American Indian Youth: Personal, Familial,
and Environmental Strengths
Arlene Rubin Stiffman · Eddie Brown ·
Stacey Freedenthal · Laura House · Emily Ostmann ·
Man Soo Yu
Published online: 9 January 2007
C© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007
Abstract We present data from interviews with 401 youths on the relationship of personal,
familial, and environmental strengths to the outcomes of urban and reservation American
Indian youths. Urban youths consistently nominated more strengths than tribal youths, except
in the area of tribal strengths. Quantitative data show how those strengths relate to their
school success, daily functioning, mental health, and ethnic identity. Personal and familial
strengths are related to positive school success and functioning. Environmental strengths
demonstrate complex relationships in which tribal strengths are related to increased mental
health problems and school strengths are related to fewer problems. The results of our study
speak to the need to include multiple categories of different strengths in research and to focus
on strengths as well as problems in clinical interventions.
Keywords American Indian . Mental health . Strengths . Youth
Research on youths has usually focused on problem behaviors rather than positive behaviors,
competence, or strengths (e.g., Donovan, Jessor & Costa, 1993; Garmezy, 1993; Gordon,
1997). Yet, we know that success, health, and prevention of problems often depend on
the strengths that an individual possesses internally or can find in his or her family or
environment (Werner & Smith, 1992). We also know that research often ignores many of these
strengths and resources. American Indian youths, in particular, have been a continued focus
A. R. Stiffman (�) · E. Ostmann · M. S. Yu
George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Comorbidity and Addictions Center,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA
e-mail: [email protected]
E. Brown
American Indian Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
S. Freedenthal
University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
L. House
Public Health Advisor/Evaluator, SAMSHA, Division of Service Improvement, Bethesda, MD, USA
Springer
332 J Child Fam Stud (2007) 16:331–346
of published research detailing problems, much to the consternation of the American Indian
community. American Indian researchers have constantly stated that a more helpful focus
would be on resiliency, effective adaptations, coping, and stories of survival (LaFromboise
& Dizon, 2003). When the primary goals of research focus on life outcomes and findings
relevant to prevention and health promotion, we must look beyond pathology to social
and instrumental competence and community involvement (Mitchell & Beals, 1997). This
paper presents data from open-ended and structured questions about the personal, familial,
and environmental strengths of urban and reservation American.
The Chastain Effect
The document discusses a study that uses Title IX to measure the causal effect of participating in high school sports on women's later social lives. It finds that higher rates of female sports participation lead to:
1) A 5-6% rise in female secularism and a 5% increase in the proportion of women who are mothers.
2) A 6% rise in the proportion of mothers who are single mothers at the time they were interviewed.
While the results suggest sports participation leads women to reject patriarchal institutions like religion and marriage, more research is needed to understand the underlying causal mechanisms.
ENGL 1302Due Friday, November 18McCourtLab Six As.docx
ENGL 1302 Due: Friday, November 18
McCourt
Lab Six Assignment – Annotated Bibliography
Using 3 of the sources gathered for your Proposal Argument essay (you could use the research gathered for the Ethical Argument instead, if you’d like), prepare an annotated bibliography.
· Include the proper 4 line heading
· Title should be: Lab 6 – Annotated Bibliography
· Be sure to list the bibliographic citations for the sources in proper alphabetical order and provide the complete bibliographic citation with double spacing throughout and a hanging indent
· Include a concise annotated paragraph under each of the source citations. Remember that an annotation includes summary as well as evaluation
2
Child Day Care and Aftercare Program
Student’s name
Instructor
Course
Date
Introduction
'First generation' research on child day care and aftercare programs mostly looked at the child's impairment in isolation, while’s second generation' research tries to look at the kid's functioning within context (Baker et al., 2019). The family-centered approach emphasizes this setting by recognizing the importance of the home as the first and most influential environment for a child's development of the skills and knowledge valued in their society (Hotz & Wiswall, 2019). An essential tenet of this strengths-based strategy is that family values and customs provide the foundation for effective and long-lasting intervention.
The family-centered criteria have not been met by conventional methods, which have been criticized for not being in line with family objectives and aspirations. Rather of recognizing what families and communities already know and do, a deficit model emphasizes what they do not (Baker et al., 2019). This method results in "professionally prescribed" treatments based mostly on the assumptions of experts without the requisite comprehension of the kid within context. Thus, families are frequently given activities or programs that are not tailored to their specific needs, which might increase their already heavy workload (Hotz & Wiswall, 2019). Families of young children experience events beyond those provided by early intervention programmes that can and do influence child development and family functioning, and this deficit-based approach to intervention has been criticized for not leaving enough time for families to engage in these activities (Baker et al., 2019).
It has been suggested that studying children's activity contexts would help us better comprehend them in that environment (Hotz & Wiswall, 2019). What we call a kid's "activity settings" are the places and situations in which the youngster regularly engages in activities with others and the world around them (Baker et al., 2019). Due to a lack of studies, it is imperative that immediate steps be taken to enhance the indigenous knowledge-base of child day care and afterschool activity settings. Understanding children in their home environments will be aide.
Positives of Physical Education
This document discusses the importance of physical education in schools. It begins by defining positive physical education and explaining the goals and benefits. It then discusses national standards and recommendations for physical activity and education. Data is presented showing declines in physical education in schools and rises in childhood obesity. The role of physical education in addressing obesity and increasing physical activity is explored. Reasons are given for why schools should take responsibility for student physical activity and education.
TITLE IX AND THE EVOLUTION OF HIGH SOHOOL SPORTSBETSEY STE
TITLE IX AND THE EVOLUTION OF HIGH SOHOOL SPORTS
BETSEY STEVENSON*
The passage of Title IX, the 1972 Education Amendments to the Civil Rights Act,
expanded high school athletic opportunides to include girls, revolutionizing mass sports
participation in the United States. This paper analyzes high school athletic participation
in the United Statesand how sports offerings/or boysandgirlschangedsubsequent to the
passage oj this legislation. Girls' sports participation rose dramatically both following
the enactment of Title JX and subsequent to enhancements to its enforcement. Approx-
imately half of all girls currently participate in sports duringhigh school: however, there
remains a substantial gap between girls and boys participation in many states. States'
average education level and social attitudes regarding Title IX and women's rights are
correlated with this remaining gender gap. Examining individual high .school students,
sports participation is seen more frequently among those with a privileged background:
white students with married, wealthy, educated parents are more likely to play sports.
This finding points to an overlooked fact—while Title IX benefited girls hy increasing the
opportunity to play sports, these benefits were disproportionately reaped by those at the
top of the income distribution. {JEL J16, J18, J24,12) •• •.
I. INTRODUCTION
Organized sports have long been an integral
part of the American high sehool experience
for boys. However, the same has not been his-
torically true for girls. Indeed, girls only began
playing sports in large numbers subsequent to
the passage of legislation mandating gender
equity in schools. Specifically, Title IX of
the 1972 Educational Amendments required
schools to provide equal access to all school
activities, including, perhaps most controver-
sially, sports. Thus began a transformation
that has moved girls from the sidelines—
cheering on the boys—onto the playing field.
*I want to thank the many generous friends and col-
leagues who have contributed to my thinking about Title
IX and high school sports, including Richard Freeman,
Claudia Goldin. Caroline Minter Hoxby, Lawrence Katz,
Brigitle Madrian, Justin Wolfers, Todd Sinai, Matt White,
Joel Waldfogel, and seminar participants at the Wharton
Applied Economics Workshop. Adam Isen and Rachel
Schwartz provided excellent research assistance. Special
thanks go to Bruce Howard. John Gillis. and others at
the National Federation of Stale High School Associations
for their assistance in tracking down data. Generous fund-
ing from the Wharton Sports Business Initiative and the
Zell/Lurie Real Estate Center is gratefully acknowledged.
Stevenson: Assistant Professor. Business and Public Policy
Department. The Wharton School. University of
Pennsylvania. 1454 Steinberg Flail-Dietrich Hall.
Philadelphia. PA 19104-6372. Phone 215-898-3019,
Fax 215-898-7635, E-mail [email protected]
upenn.edu
This policy change has been politically con-
tested sin ...
9 administrative factor -54-58
1) The document examines the administrative factors influencing sports involvement of girls in secondary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. It analyzes how factors like quality of facilities, personnel, maintenance, and funding affect girls' participation.
2) A survey was conducted with 150 girls across 6 secondary schools. Results from statistical analysis showed that quality of facilities, maintenance levels, and funding significantly influenced girls' involvement, but quality of personnel did not.
3) The study concluded that to encourage girls' participation, schools need to provide adequate and well-maintained facilities, hire qualified sports staff, and adequately fund sports programs. It recommended making intramural sports mandatory and establishing an endowment fund for facilities and equipment.
A Study of the parents Opinion on Discrimination among degree College student...
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Dr. David Williams at Belmont University
Racial disparities in health persist despite advances in medicine and technology. Minorities experience higher rates of illness and death than whites across many health conditions. Socioeconomic status, which is strongly linked to race, is a major determinant of health. Improving living conditions, education levels, income, and neighborhoods could help reduce health inequalities by making healthy choices easier and alleviating stress. Comprehensive social and economic policies are needed across all sectors to address fundamental causes of poor health and disparities.
Tietjen smith, tara nftej v24 n3 2014
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
Tietjen smith, tara nftej v24 n3 2014
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
Edlt115 assignment 1 reading response task
This document discusses the importance of including physical education in primary and secondary school curriculums. It provides several key reasons why physical education is important for students' development, including physical, social, emotional, and cognitive benefits. It also notes that physical education can help develop life skills like teamwork and leadership. The document reflects on how these beliefs fit with the author's views about teaching, and their view that physical education should be an important part of any primary school curriculum due to the positive impacts on children's health, social development, and academic performance.
Delonte SP PowerPoint
This document summarizes a student research project that examined Bethany College students' perceptions of male and female sportscasters on ESPN. A survey of 100 students found that female sportscasters were seen as more physically attractive but less authoritative, knowledgeable, and credible than their male counterparts. Both male and female students believed male sportscasters had more command and expertise. The results supported theories that television shapes societal norms and that women face disadvantages in male-dominated fields due to issues of power and communication.
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TITLE IX AND THE EVOLUTION OF HIGH SOHOOL SPORTSBETSEY STE
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Stratification of sports and fitness at high schools
- 1. Stratification of Sports and Fitness at High Schools of Different Socio-Economic Status By: Raymond W Bowker, Wilton Jordan, Nina Grant
- 2. Schools with Their Socio-economic Status We chose three different schools because of their perceived Socio-Economic Status. The first school we chose was Star Spencer. It was chosen for its believed low socio- economic status. This belief was confirmed by the high amount of individual poverty (19%) and low amount of income per household at $31,116 The second school we chose was Putnam City West. That was because it was believed to be part of the middle class.
- 3. Schools with Their Socio-economic Status cont. The third and final school we chose to examine was Heritage Hall We did this because it was believed that the student body at Heritage Hall is a mostly upper middle class.
- 4. Demographic Comparison Star Spencer Putnam City West 87% Black 8% White 2% Hispanic 2% American Indian 1% Asian 47% White 25% Black 18% Hispanic 3% Asian 7% American Indian
- 5. Economic Comparison Star Spencer Putnam City West Median family income – 34,947. Average household income - $31,116 Average family income - $37,470
- 6. Demographic and Economic Comparisons cont. Heritage Hall Demographic Heritage Hall Economic 75% White 7% Asian 7% Black 2% American Indian 1% Hispanic Average Annual Household Income - $51,460 Average Annual Oklahoma Family Income – $51,595
- 7. Importance of The Fitness Facilities at a High School There is Evidence that participating in a sport during high school does have a positive effect on the individuals’ future. ◦ “[W]hite males were more likely to be attending college in 1984 if they had participated in sports in high school. ◦ Athletic participation among white female athletes from suburban and rural schools was significantly related to 4-year college attendance in 1984. ◦ Hispanic male athletes from suburban and rural schools were somewhat more likely than nonathletes to be attending 4-year colleges in 1984. ◦ No black males or females in any category were more likely to be attending college in 1984 if they had participated in high school sports.” (Donald, Melnick, & Vanfossen, 1993). Another reason the fitness facilities of a high school would be important to examine is the health benefits gained by participating in an athletic activity while in high school. ◦ “Combined with other research indicating that physical fitness during youth is an indicator of disease risk later in life, there seems to be strong support for the assertion that steps need to be taken to eliminate the disparity in fitness levels based on ethnicity or SES.” (Fahlman, Hall, & Robyn, 2006).
- 8. Importance of The Fitness Facilities at a High School, cont. The third reason fitness facilities at high schools should be emphasized and use of the facilities encouraged is that participation in a high school sport leads to a positive psychological well being to go along with the positive health benefits that occur. “ ◦ being involved in sport was associated with the development of both Physical Competence and Instrumentality, which in turn, were related to more positive feelings about one’s body.” (Greenleaf, Boyer, & Petrie, 2009). It has also been shown that being involved in an athletic activity has a very large effect on the student. ◦ “[A]thletic participation appears to contribute to increased levels of grades, self-concept, locus of control, and educational aspirations, and to decreased levels of discipline problems. In fact, in each of these models except for educational aspirations, the effect of athletic participation is greater than that of family income, parent education, gender, and Asian or Hispanic origin.” (Fejgin, 1994).
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