This document discusses gender concepts and roles. It describes how gender roles are defined by perceived biological differences between men and women, leading to different treatment and opportunities in social, economic, political and educational spheres. Specifically, it notes differences in access to careers/resources, social roles and expectations, involvement in power/authority, and educational opportunities between genders. It also defines equality as equal resources/opportunities, equity as allocating what is needed for equal outcomes, and discusses how to achieve gender equality and equity. Finally, it outlines four common manifestations of gender bias: violence against women, subordination, economic marginalization, and gender stereotyping.

1. Understanding
Gender
Concepts
MODULE 5 - LESSON 2

2. Gender Roles
•Our gender roles are defined
and dictated by the views of
differences in biological make
up of men and women.
•This leads to seeing or even
experiencing situations in the
social ,economic, political, and
educational sphere of situations
that we see gender differences.

3. Concepts
Difference in women and
men access to lucrative
career & control of
financial and other
productive resources.
Different perception of
Men and Women social
roles.
Ex. Patriarchy
Social Economy

4. Differences in
educational opportunities
& expectations of girls
and boys
Difference in the ways
in which women and men
assume/share power and
authority.
Concepts
Political
Education
•Men more involved in national/share level;
Women involved at the local level linked to
their domestic roles.
•Men use violence and weapons as tools to
further their own power; Women do not have
access to such tools & are often the victim.
•Family resources directed to boy’s
rather than girl’s education.
•Girls streamed to less –challenging
academic tracks

5. Equity and Equality
Differences
EQUALITY
Means each individual
or group of people is
given the same
resources or
opportunities
EQUITY
Recognizes that each
person has different
circumstances and
allocates the exact
resources and
opportunities needed
to reach an equal
outcome

6. MODULE 5 - LESSON 2
Achieved when women and men enjoy the same
right and opportunities across all sectors
of society.
Women are entitled to live with dignity and
with freedom from want and from fear
Gender Equality

7. Gender Equality – denotes the same opportunities
in life as men.
Gender Equity – denotes the equivalence in life
outcomes for women and men recognizing their
different needs and interests, and requiring a
redistribution of power and resources.
Equality and Equity in Gender

8. Gender Bias
It is the tendency to prefer one gender
over another.
The Women are said to be weak while men are strong.
The society also looks at men as the dominant while women
are the oppressed

9. Manifestation of
Gender Bias
1.Violence against women or Gender Based Violence
Acts as instilling fear and afflicting
pain with the aim to injure or abuse a
person, usually women.
It may be verbal, psychological, or
physical in nature.

10. 2. Subordination
•Few women in decision-making
•No power sharing
•Non-recognition of capabilities
Manifestation of
Gender Bias

11. 3. Marginalization (Economic)
•Unequal pay for work of equal value
•Limited opportunities
•Less access/control over resources & benefits
•Non-recognition & non-valuation of work
Manifestation of
Gender Bias

12. Manifestation of
Gender Bias
4. Gender stereotyping
Children are familiarized with gender-associated tasks; boys expected
to engage activities outside home while girls helps household chores.
Family
Teachers and the school system channel boys and girls toward gender-
appropriate behavior and activity.
School's System
Gender role differentiation between males and females is preached as
being ordained by God as conveyed in various religious symbols and
rites
Church
Children’s books like Cinderella, Snow White, Rapunzel are stories
that tell helpless women saved by the brave prince.
Mass Media
Manifestation of
Gender Bias