Sterilization
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Microorganisms can cause infection and are present everywhere. Sterilization aims to remove or destroy microorganisms from surfaces and materials. Various physical and chemical methods are used for sterilization with different effectiveness against bacterial vegetative cells, spores, viruses, and other microbes. Common physical sterilization methods include heat, radiation, and filtration, while chemical methods include alcohols, aldehydes, phenols, halogens, and other disinfecting agents. The choice of sterilization method depends on the type of material or substance being sterilized.
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The document discusses sterilization, disinfection and asepsis. It provides historical context on the development of practices like hand washing and use of antiseptics from figures like Holmes, Sommelweis and Lister. It defines key terms and describes various physical and chemical methods of sterilization and disinfection like heat, radiation, filtration and chemicals. These methods are used to sterilize different medical equipment and maintain aseptic techniques important for preventing surgical infections.
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Dental elevators are tools used in dentistry to remove fractured teeth or roots, luxate teeth, and reflect mucoperiosteum. There are different types of elevators classified by their form, including straight, triangular, and pick types. Common elevators are the straight elevator, Pott's elevator, Miller elevator, Cryer elevator, crane pick, and root tip pick. Dental elevators work using principles of levers, wedges, and wheels and axles to exert force on teeth during procedures. Proper technique and application of the appropriate elevator is important for safe and effective use.
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1) Sterilization is a process that eliminates all microorganisms, while disinfection only eliminates pathogens.
2) Physical sterilization methods include heat, radiation, filtration, and sunlight. Heat sterilization can be dry or moist. The autoclave uses moist heat under pressure.
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Sterilization is a process that eliminates all microorganisms from an object or substance. It can be achieved through physical methods like heat, radiation, filtration or chemical methods using agents like alcohol, aldehydes, halogens and phenols. Effective sterilization requires the use of indicators to monitor the process and ensure it has adequately removed vegetative cells, spores and viruses. An ideal disinfecting agent is one that is fast-acting, compatible with other substances, non-toxic, and able to kill all types of microbes even in organic matter.
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This document discusses sterilization and methods of sterilization. It defines sterilization as the process of destroying or removing all microorganisms. It then classifies sterilization methods into physical and chemical methods. Some key physical sterilization methods discussed include heat, filtration, and radiation. Heat sterilization is further categorized based on temperature. Common chemical sterilization agents covered are alcohols, aldehydes, halogens, phenols, gases, chlorine, and heavy metals. The document provides details on the mechanisms and applications of various sterilization methods.
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This document discusses various methods of sterilization and disinfection. Sterilization aims to remove all microorganisms, while disinfection targets pathogenic organisms. Physical methods include heat, filtration, and radiation. Chemical agents like alcohols, aldehydes, halogens, and phenols can also be used. Moist heat via autoclaving under pressure is effective at sterilizing materials like instruments. Chemical disinfectants are commonly used to prevent infections on skin and wounds. Proper sterilization and disinfection are important for removing microbes from medical supplies and clinical environments.
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This document provides definitions and outlines principles of sterilization and disinfection. It defines key terms like sterilization, disinfection, antiseptics, and antibiotics. It describes various physical agents (heat, radiation), chemical agents (gases, liquids), and mechanical removal methods used for microbial control. It discusses the mechanisms of action and structures of microbes targeted by sterilizers and disinfectants. It also provides details on specific processes like autoclaving, pasteurization, and chemical disinfectants like alcohols, aldehydes, halogens, and phenols.
sterilisation арфрарц рафцооац фарцфаргцф
афцтатод т фоацтофцт офцатофцта офцта отфцфцотафо цофац тоацф
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The document discusses various methods of sterilization and disinfection. It defines sterilization as a process that eliminates all microorganisms, including bacterial spores, while disinfection only reduces microorganisms to safe levels. Several physical methods are described including heat sterilization using hot air ovens, autoclaving with moist heat, and radiation. Chemical methods involving the use of alcohols, aldehydes, phenols, halogens, metallic salts, dyes and surface active agents are also outlined. The mechanisms of action and appropriate uses of different sterilization and disinfection techniques are provided in detail over the course of the document.
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Dr. Ibrahim presented on various sterilization methods including physical agents like heat, radiation, and filtration as well as chemical agents like alcohols, aldehydes, and gases. The most common sterilization methods used in laboratories are moist heat using an autoclave at 121°C for 15 minutes or 134°C for 3 minutes, dry heat using a hot air oven at 160-180°C, and chemical methods using ethylene oxide or beta propiolactone gases. Proper testing of sterilization efficacy includes using chemical, mechanical, and biological indicators to confirm sterilizing conditions have been met.
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There are three main methods for controlling microbial growth: sterilization, disinfection, and antisepsis. Sterilization completely kills all microbes, including endospores. Disinfection reduces pathogens but not endospores. Antisepsis uses chemicals to prevent infection of living tissues. Common sterilization methods include heat, filtration, radiation, and chemicals. Heat sterilization uses autoclaves and dry heat, while pasteurization reduces pathogens in foods. Filtration and membranes remove microbes from liquids and air. Chemicals and heavy metals disrupt membranes and proteins. Proper control of microbes is important in medicine and food preparation.
Sterilization
Sterilization is a process that removes or kills all forms of microbial life. Physical sterilization methods include heat, radiation, filtration, and ozone. Heat sterilization can be dry heat in an oven or moist heat using an autoclave. Chemical sterilization uses alcohols, aldehydes, phenols, halogens, and oxidizing agents. Sterilization is important for surgical and diagnostic equipment, microbiology media and reagents, and other medical materials to eliminate microorganisms. Proper validation of the sterilization process is required to ensure effectiveness.
sterilisation-.pptx
Dr. Ibrahim presented on various sterilization methods including physical agents like heat, radiation, and filtration as well as chemical agents like alcohols, aldehydes, and gases. The most common sterilization methods used in laboratories are moist heat using an autoclave at 121°C for 15 minutes or 134°C for 3 minutes, dry heat using a hot air oven at 160-180°C, and chemical methods using ethylene oxide or beta propiolactone gases. Proper testing of sterilization efficacy includes using chemical, mechanical, and biological indicators to confirm sterilizing conditions have been met.
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Killing or removing all forms of microbial life (including endospores) in a material or an object.
Mainly due to: oxidation of cell component, denature proteins, nucleic acids, RNA and loss of membrane permeability.
Procedures performed in a way to prevent contamination with infectious microorganisms
Used to prevent contamination of surgical instruments, medical personnel, and the patient during surgery
Sanitization: Lowering of microbial counts to prevent transmission in public setting (e.g., restaurants & public rest rooms)
Degerming: Mechanical removal of microbes from limited area. e.g., Alcohol swab on skin, washing of hands with soap
Sepsis: Bacterial contamination
Antisepsis: Reduction or Inhibition of microbes found on LIVING TISSUE
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This document discusses various sterilization techniques including natural, physical, chemical, and radiation methods. Physical methods like boiling, autoclaving, and hot air ovens use heat to destroy microorganisms. Autoclaving uses high pressure steam at 121°C and is effective at killing spores. Chemical methods rely on disinfectants like phenol and alcohol which coagulate bacterial proteins. Radiation sterilization with UV light or gamma rays damages DNA but only sterilizes surfaces directly exposed. The goal of sterilization is to destroy all microorganisms on instruments and equipment to prevent infection in patients.
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- 6. a suffix indicating that the antimicrobial agent will kill or destroy a certain group of microorganism suffix “ cide ” – meaning to kill viricide – destroys virus fungicide – destroys fungi bactericide – destroys bacteria Suffix “ static/stasis ” – meaning to stand still a suffix indicating that the agent will prevent the growth or multiplication of the type of organism but are not killed outright bacteriostatic - prevents the growth of bacteria fungistatic – prevents the growth of fungi
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