It has all details related to cyber security information hiding.It mainly focuses on steganography and its major details.The ppt also shows is applications.
The document provides an overview of steganography, including its definition, history, techniques, applications, and future scope. It discusses different types of steganography such as text, image, and audio steganography. For image steganography, it describes techniques such as LSB insertion and compares image and transform domain methods. It also provides examples of steganography tools and their usage for confidential communication and data protection.
This document provides an overview of steganography through:
1) Defining steganography and distinguishing it from cryptography by explaining how steganography aims to hide messages within innocent-looking carriers so the message's existence remains concealed.
2) Tracing the evolution of steganography from ancient techniques like invisible ink to modern digital methods.
3) Explaining how steganography embeds messages in carriers like text, images, audio and video and provides an example of hiding text in the least significant bits of image pixel values.
4) Detailing the steps to hide an image using steganography software.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding information by embedding messages within other harmless media so as not to arouse suspicion. It differs from cryptography in that the goal is to conceal the very existence of the message, not just its content. Common techniques include hiding data in the least significant bits of images, altering text formatting, and embedding signals in audio files like echoes. Detection methods involve looking for anomalies introduced by hidden data or disabling embedded data through compression or filtering. Steganography has applications in secure communication, copyright protection, and covert messaging.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on steganography. It discusses the history of steganography from ancient Greece to modern digital techniques. It describes how steganography differs from cryptography in hiding information rather than encrypting it. The document outlines common steganography techniques like least significant bit insertion and the injection method. It provides examples of steganography applications for both legitimate uses like digital watermarking as well as illegitimate uses like corporate espionage. The presentation concludes that steganography can effectively hide sensitive information while cryptography provides additional security through encryption.
This document provides an overview of steganography, including:
1) Steganography is the art of hiding information in plain sight so that the very existence of a hidden message is concealed. It works by embedding messages within images, audio, or other files.
2) Modern uses include digital watermarking to identify ownership, hiding sensitive files, and illegitimate uses like corporate espionage, terrorism, and child pornography.
3) Techniques include least significant bit insertion to replace bits in files, injection to directly embed messages, and generating new files from scratch. Detection methods like steganalysis aim to discover hidden information.
This document provides an overview of steganography, the art and science of hidden writing. It defines steganography as communicating in a way that hides the existence of a message. The document then discusses various digital and analog steganography techniques, including embedding messages in images, audio, video and other file types. It also covers the use of machine identification codes in printers, text encoding, and security schemes used to improve steganographic robustness.
This document provides an overview of steganography, which is the practice of hiding secret information within other non-secret digital files like images, audio, or video. The document discusses the history of steganography from ancient times using techniques like hidden tattoos or wax tablets, to its modern uses with digital files and tools. Advantages include secrecy between sender and receiver, while disadvantages include potential use by terrorists. The document contrasts steganography with cryptography, noting that steganography hides the existence of secret messages within other files, while cryptography encrypts messages but does not hide their existence.
A brief introduction to Crytography,the various types of crytography and the advantages and disadvantages associated to using the following tyes with some part of the RSA algorithm
The document provides an overview of steganography, including its definition, history, techniques, applications, and future scope. It discusses different types of steganography such as text, image, and audio steganography. For image steganography, it describes techniques such as LSB insertion and compares image and transform domain methods. It also provides examples of steganography tools and their usage for confidential communication and data protection.
This document provides an overview of steganography through:
1) Defining steganography and distinguishing it from cryptography by explaining how steganography aims to hide messages within innocent-looking carriers so the message's existence remains concealed.
2) Tracing the evolution of steganography from ancient techniques like invisible ink to modern digital methods.
3) Explaining how steganography embeds messages in carriers like text, images, audio and video and provides an example of hiding text in the least significant bits of image pixel values.
4) Detailing the steps to hide an image using steganography software.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding information by embedding messages within other harmless media so as not to arouse suspicion. It differs from cryptography in that the goal is to conceal the very existence of the message, not just its content. Common techniques include hiding data in the least significant bits of images, altering text formatting, and embedding signals in audio files like echoes. Detection methods involve looking for anomalies introduced by hidden data or disabling embedded data through compression or filtering. Steganography has applications in secure communication, copyright protection, and covert messaging.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on steganography. It discusses the history of steganography from ancient Greece to modern digital techniques. It describes how steganography differs from cryptography in hiding information rather than encrypting it. The document outlines common steganography techniques like least significant bit insertion and the injection method. It provides examples of steganography applications for both legitimate uses like digital watermarking as well as illegitimate uses like corporate espionage. The presentation concludes that steganography can effectively hide sensitive information while cryptography provides additional security through encryption.
This document provides an overview of steganography, including:
1) Steganography is the art of hiding information in plain sight so that the very existence of a hidden message is concealed. It works by embedding messages within images, audio, or other files.
2) Modern uses include digital watermarking to identify ownership, hiding sensitive files, and illegitimate uses like corporate espionage, terrorism, and child pornography.
3) Techniques include least significant bit insertion to replace bits in files, injection to directly embed messages, and generating new files from scratch. Detection methods like steganalysis aim to discover hidden information.
This document provides an overview of steganography, the art and science of hidden writing. It defines steganography as communicating in a way that hides the existence of a message. The document then discusses various digital and analog steganography techniques, including embedding messages in images, audio, video and other file types. It also covers the use of machine identification codes in printers, text encoding, and security schemes used to improve steganographic robustness.
This document provides an overview of steganography, which is the practice of hiding secret information within other non-secret digital files like images, audio, or video. The document discusses the history of steganography from ancient times using techniques like hidden tattoos or wax tablets, to its modern uses with digital files and tools. Advantages include secrecy between sender and receiver, while disadvantages include potential use by terrorists. The document contrasts steganography with cryptography, noting that steganography hides the existence of secret messages within other files, while cryptography encrypts messages but does not hide their existence.
A brief introduction to Crytography,the various types of crytography and the advantages and disadvantages associated to using the following tyes with some part of the RSA algorithm
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein meaning "writing".
The first recorded use of the term was in 1499 by Johannes Trithemius in his Steganographia, a treatise on cryptography and steganography, disguised as a book on magic. Generally, the hidden messages appear to be (or be part of) something else: images, articles, shopping lists, or some other cover text. For example, the hidden message may be in invisible ink between the visible lines of a private letter. Some implementations of steganography that lack a shared secret are forms of security through obscurity, whereas key-dependent steganographic schemes adhere to Kerckhoffs's principle.
The advantage of steganography over cryptography alone is that the intended secret message does not attract attention to itself as an object of scrutiny. Plainly visible encrypted messages—no matter how unbreakable—arouse interest, and may in themselves be incriminating in countries where encryption is illegal.Thus, whereas cryptography is the practice of protecting the contents of a message alone, steganography is concerned with concealing the fact that a secret message is being sent, as well as concealing the contents of the message.
Steganography includes the concealment of information within computer files. In digital steganography, electronic communications may include steganographic coding inside of a transport layer, such as a document file, image file, program or protocol. Media files are ideal for steganographic transmission because of their large size. For example, a sender might start with an innocuous image file and adjust the color of every 100th pixel to correspond to a letter in the alphabet, a change so subtle that someone not specifically looking for it is unlikely to notice it.
This document discusses steganography, which is a method of hiding secret information within other information. It begins by providing background on the rise of the internet and the need for information security. It then explains steganography and how it differs from cryptography by not only encrypting messages but hiding their very existence. The document outlines various types of steganography, including techniques for hiding messages in text, audio, images, and video files. It notes some advantages and disadvantages of steganography and discusses the latest research on improving steganography detection.
Steganography is the process of hiding secret information within ordinary media so that the very existence of the message is concealed. It works by embedding messages within images, videos, or audio files. Various techniques exist such as least significant bit insertion and algorithms/transformations. Tools allow hiding data in file formats like JPEG, PNG, and MP4. Detection methods include visual analysis and statistical steganalysis to analyze for subtle changes from hidden data. Steganography has uses for covert communication but also intellectual property and digital rights management.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding messages within other non-secret text, images, or other files. It works by encoding hidden messages within carrier files like images, videos, or documents in a way that avoids attracting attention to the message itself. Common techniques for steganography include least significant bit insertion and masking and filtering. While it can be used for privacy, it has also been used by hackers, terrorists, and criminals for illegal purposes.
This document provides an overview of steganography presented by four students. It defines steganography as hiding secret communications such that others do not know of the message's existence. The document outlines the history of steganography, modern applications, types of techniques including LSB substitution and transform domains, characteristics, classifications, uses in text, images, and networks, and challenges around detection. It concludes that steganography allows covert transmission of secrets but also poses challenges for network monitoring.
Steganography is the art of hiding secret messages within other non-secret text, images, or other files. It works by embedding messages into the redundant or insignificant parts of cover files, like images or audio files. Modern steganography techniques hide data by making subtle alterations to things like the least significant bits of pixels in an image or by modifying phases in an audio file. Steganography provides a way to communicate covertly and anonymously, but detection is possible through statistical analysis or if the steganography algorithm is known. Steganography has various applications but is also used by criminals and terrorists seeking anonymity.
Image steganography is the art of hiding information within digital images. The document discusses various techniques for image steganography including LSB (least significant bit) and DCT (discrete cosine transform). LSB is a simple spatial domain technique that replaces the least significant bits of image pixels with bits of a secret message. DCT operates in the frequency domain by transforming image blocks and hiding data in the mid-frequency DCT coefficients. The document compares the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, and discusses their applications for hiding private information or digital watermarking. Metrics for analyzing steganography systems like bit error rate, mean square error, and peak signal to noise ratio are also introduced.
This document provides an overview of steganography. It discusses how steganography hides messages within carriers so that the message is concealed. The document then discusses the history of steganography dating back to ancient Greece. It also discusses modern uses of steganography during the Cold War and by terrorist groups. The document outlines the objectives of the study which are to provide security during message transmission. It then discusses steganography techniques like LSB substitution and how LSB works to embed messages in images. Snapshots of the designed steganography application are provided along with results discussing the efficiency of the LSB algorithm used. The document concludes by discussing future work to improve the technique.
This document discusses steganography and image steganography techniques. It defines steganography as hiding information within other information to avoid detection. Image steganography is described as hiding data in digital images using techniques like least significant bit encoding. The document outlines the LSB algorithm, which replaces the least significant bits of image pixel values with bits of the hidden message. Examples are given to illustrate how short messages can be concealed in an image using this method.
Encryption is the process of encoding messages or information so that only authorized parties can read it. There are two main types of encryption: symmetric key encryption which uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt, and asymmetric key encryption which uses a public key to encrypt and a private key to decrypt. While symmetric encryption is faster, asymmetric encryption is more secure since it does not require sharing the same key. Encryption is widely used to provide authentication, privacy, integrity, and accountability of data.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communication and information by converting plaintext into ciphertext. The document provides an introduction to cryptography including its history from ancient times to the present. It discusses terminology like plaintext, encryption, ciphertext, decryption, and keys. Symmetric key cryptography uses a single key for encryption and decryption while asymmetric key cryptography uses two different keys. Examples of symmetric methods are DES, 3DES, AES, and RC4, while RSA is a common asymmetric method. Applications of cryptography include ATMs, email passwords, e-payments, e-commerce, electronic voting, defense services, securing data, and access control.
This document provides an overview of steganography and watermarking techniques for hiding information in digital media. It defines steganography as "covered writing" involving hiding secret messages within other digital files like images, audio, or video. Common steganography methods embed data in the least significant bits of pixels or audio samples. Watermarking differs in embedding identifying marks that are robust to modifications and aim to protect copyrights. The document outlines various media and techniques for each, applications, advantages and limitations of both steganography and watermarking.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding messages within other carriers or cover files so that the existence of the message is concealed. Some common carriers used for steganography include text, images, audio, and video files. The document discusses the history of steganography and how it differs from cryptography and digital watermarking. It also describes various techniques for hiding messages in digital files such as least significant bit insertion in images and modifying text files by capitalizing random letters.
This document discusses various techniques for hiding data in the Microsoft Windows operating system. It covers logical techniques like assigning hidden and system attributes, changing file extensions and icons. It also discusses more advanced techniques like using alternate data streams that allow hiding data in files, and using class identifiers (CLSIDs) meant for special folders for regular folders to disguise hidden data. The document provides an overview of the NTFS file system used by Windows and how its alternate data stream feature can be exploited for data hiding. It also recommends some tools that can be used to detect hidden data streams.
This document provides an overview of cryptography. It defines cryptography as the science of securing messages from attacks. It discusses basic cryptography terms like plain text, cipher text, encryption, decryption, and keys. It describes symmetric key cryptography, where the same key is used for encryption and decryption, and asymmetric key cryptography, which uses different public and private keys. It also covers traditional cipher techniques like substitution and transposition ciphers. The document concludes by listing some applications of cryptography like e-commerce, secure data, and access control.
This document discusses steganography, which is hiding messages within seemingly harmless carriers or covers so that no one apart from the intended recipient knows a message has been sent. It provides examples of steganography in text, images, and audio, as well as methods used for each. These include techniques like least significant bit insertion and temporal sampling rates. The document also covers steganalysis, which aims to detect hidden communications by analyzing changes in the statistical properties of covers.
This document summarizes steganography techniques for hiding data in digital images. It discusses how steganography hides secret messages in cover images such that a third party is unaware of the hidden data. The document focuses on the least significant bit (LSB) technique, where the LSB of image pixel values are replaced with bits of the secret message. It provides algorithms for embedding data into and extracting data from images using LSB matching. The document also discusses using gray scale images and separating images into RGB layers to increase embedding capacity while maintaining image quality.
Steganography (US Listeni/ˌstɛ.ɡʌnˈɔː.ɡrʌ.fi/, UK /ˌstɛɡ.ənˈɒɡ.rə.fi/) is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos (στεγανός), meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein (γράφειν) meaning "writing"
This document discusses different types of steganalysis algorithms used to detect hidden messages embedded in digital files such as images, audio, and video. It describes specific steganalysis algorithms designed for certain embedding techniques as well as generic algorithms that can be applied broadly. Specific image steganalysis algorithms are discussed for formats like GIF, BMP, and JPEG. Audio steganalysis targets techniques like low-bit encoding, phase coding, spread spectrum coding, and echo hiding. Video steganalysis uses a framework with watermark attack and pattern recognition stages.
The document provides an overview of digital watermarking. It defines watermarking as imperceptibly altering a work to embed a message about the work. The document outlines the history of watermarking and discusses its applications, including owner identification, proof of ownership, broadcast monitoring, transaction tracking, and content authentication. It also compares watermarking to other techniques like cryptography and discusses the importance of digital watermarking for copyright protection in the digital age.
This document provides an overview of steganography. It discusses how steganography hides messages within carriers so that the message is concealed. The document then discusses the history of steganography dating back to ancient Greece. It also discusses modern uses of steganography during the Cold War and by terrorist groups. The document outlines the objectives of the study which are to provide security during message transmission. It then discusses steganography techniques like the LSB algorithm and provides snapshots of its implementation. Finally, it discusses the results of using LSB steganography and concludes with possibilities for further enhancement.
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The goal is to hide messages in such a way that no one apart from the intended recipient knows about the message. Various media can be used for steganography including text, images, audio, and digital watermarking. Modern techniques allow hidden data to be embedded into files like images and audio in ways that are almost impossible to detect without the correct software and password. Steganography is commonly used by terrorists and criminals to covertly plan activities and share instructions.
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein meaning "writing".
The first recorded use of the term was in 1499 by Johannes Trithemius in his Steganographia, a treatise on cryptography and steganography, disguised as a book on magic. Generally, the hidden messages appear to be (or be part of) something else: images, articles, shopping lists, or some other cover text. For example, the hidden message may be in invisible ink between the visible lines of a private letter. Some implementations of steganography that lack a shared secret are forms of security through obscurity, whereas key-dependent steganographic schemes adhere to Kerckhoffs's principle.
The advantage of steganography over cryptography alone is that the intended secret message does not attract attention to itself as an object of scrutiny. Plainly visible encrypted messages—no matter how unbreakable—arouse interest, and may in themselves be incriminating in countries where encryption is illegal.Thus, whereas cryptography is the practice of protecting the contents of a message alone, steganography is concerned with concealing the fact that a secret message is being sent, as well as concealing the contents of the message.
Steganography includes the concealment of information within computer files. In digital steganography, electronic communications may include steganographic coding inside of a transport layer, such as a document file, image file, program or protocol. Media files are ideal for steganographic transmission because of their large size. For example, a sender might start with an innocuous image file and adjust the color of every 100th pixel to correspond to a letter in the alphabet, a change so subtle that someone not specifically looking for it is unlikely to notice it.
This document discusses steganography, which is a method of hiding secret information within other information. It begins by providing background on the rise of the internet and the need for information security. It then explains steganography and how it differs from cryptography by not only encrypting messages but hiding their very existence. The document outlines various types of steganography, including techniques for hiding messages in text, audio, images, and video files. It notes some advantages and disadvantages of steganography and discusses the latest research on improving steganography detection.
Steganography is the process of hiding secret information within ordinary media so that the very existence of the message is concealed. It works by embedding messages within images, videos, or audio files. Various techniques exist such as least significant bit insertion and algorithms/transformations. Tools allow hiding data in file formats like JPEG, PNG, and MP4. Detection methods include visual analysis and statistical steganalysis to analyze for subtle changes from hidden data. Steganography has uses for covert communication but also intellectual property and digital rights management.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding messages within other non-secret text, images, or other files. It works by encoding hidden messages within carrier files like images, videos, or documents in a way that avoids attracting attention to the message itself. Common techniques for steganography include least significant bit insertion and masking and filtering. While it can be used for privacy, it has also been used by hackers, terrorists, and criminals for illegal purposes.
This document provides an overview of steganography presented by four students. It defines steganography as hiding secret communications such that others do not know of the message's existence. The document outlines the history of steganography, modern applications, types of techniques including LSB substitution and transform domains, characteristics, classifications, uses in text, images, and networks, and challenges around detection. It concludes that steganography allows covert transmission of secrets but also poses challenges for network monitoring.
Steganography is the art of hiding secret messages within other non-secret text, images, or other files. It works by embedding messages into the redundant or insignificant parts of cover files, like images or audio files. Modern steganography techniques hide data by making subtle alterations to things like the least significant bits of pixels in an image or by modifying phases in an audio file. Steganography provides a way to communicate covertly and anonymously, but detection is possible through statistical analysis or if the steganography algorithm is known. Steganography has various applications but is also used by criminals and terrorists seeking anonymity.
Image steganography is the art of hiding information within digital images. The document discusses various techniques for image steganography including LSB (least significant bit) and DCT (discrete cosine transform). LSB is a simple spatial domain technique that replaces the least significant bits of image pixels with bits of a secret message. DCT operates in the frequency domain by transforming image blocks and hiding data in the mid-frequency DCT coefficients. The document compares the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, and discusses their applications for hiding private information or digital watermarking. Metrics for analyzing steganography systems like bit error rate, mean square error, and peak signal to noise ratio are also introduced.
This document provides an overview of steganography. It discusses how steganography hides messages within carriers so that the message is concealed. The document then discusses the history of steganography dating back to ancient Greece. It also discusses modern uses of steganography during the Cold War and by terrorist groups. The document outlines the objectives of the study which are to provide security during message transmission. It then discusses steganography techniques like LSB substitution and how LSB works to embed messages in images. Snapshots of the designed steganography application are provided along with results discussing the efficiency of the LSB algorithm used. The document concludes by discussing future work to improve the technique.
This document discusses steganography and image steganography techniques. It defines steganography as hiding information within other information to avoid detection. Image steganography is described as hiding data in digital images using techniques like least significant bit encoding. The document outlines the LSB algorithm, which replaces the least significant bits of image pixel values with bits of the hidden message. Examples are given to illustrate how short messages can be concealed in an image using this method.
Encryption is the process of encoding messages or information so that only authorized parties can read it. There are two main types of encryption: symmetric key encryption which uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt, and asymmetric key encryption which uses a public key to encrypt and a private key to decrypt. While symmetric encryption is faster, asymmetric encryption is more secure since it does not require sharing the same key. Encryption is widely used to provide authentication, privacy, integrity, and accountability of data.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communication and information by converting plaintext into ciphertext. The document provides an introduction to cryptography including its history from ancient times to the present. It discusses terminology like plaintext, encryption, ciphertext, decryption, and keys. Symmetric key cryptography uses a single key for encryption and decryption while asymmetric key cryptography uses two different keys. Examples of symmetric methods are DES, 3DES, AES, and RC4, while RSA is a common asymmetric method. Applications of cryptography include ATMs, email passwords, e-payments, e-commerce, electronic voting, defense services, securing data, and access control.
This document provides an overview of steganography and watermarking techniques for hiding information in digital media. It defines steganography as "covered writing" involving hiding secret messages within other digital files like images, audio, or video. Common steganography methods embed data in the least significant bits of pixels or audio samples. Watermarking differs in embedding identifying marks that are robust to modifications and aim to protect copyrights. The document outlines various media and techniques for each, applications, advantages and limitations of both steganography and watermarking.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding messages within other carriers or cover files so that the existence of the message is concealed. Some common carriers used for steganography include text, images, audio, and video files. The document discusses the history of steganography and how it differs from cryptography and digital watermarking. It also describes various techniques for hiding messages in digital files such as least significant bit insertion in images and modifying text files by capitalizing random letters.
This document discusses various techniques for hiding data in the Microsoft Windows operating system. It covers logical techniques like assigning hidden and system attributes, changing file extensions and icons. It also discusses more advanced techniques like using alternate data streams that allow hiding data in files, and using class identifiers (CLSIDs) meant for special folders for regular folders to disguise hidden data. The document provides an overview of the NTFS file system used by Windows and how its alternate data stream feature can be exploited for data hiding. It also recommends some tools that can be used to detect hidden data streams.
This document provides an overview of cryptography. It defines cryptography as the science of securing messages from attacks. It discusses basic cryptography terms like plain text, cipher text, encryption, decryption, and keys. It describes symmetric key cryptography, where the same key is used for encryption and decryption, and asymmetric key cryptography, which uses different public and private keys. It also covers traditional cipher techniques like substitution and transposition ciphers. The document concludes by listing some applications of cryptography like e-commerce, secure data, and access control.
This document discusses steganography, which is hiding messages within seemingly harmless carriers or covers so that no one apart from the intended recipient knows a message has been sent. It provides examples of steganography in text, images, and audio, as well as methods used for each. These include techniques like least significant bit insertion and temporal sampling rates. The document also covers steganalysis, which aims to detect hidden communications by analyzing changes in the statistical properties of covers.
This document summarizes steganography techniques for hiding data in digital images. It discusses how steganography hides secret messages in cover images such that a third party is unaware of the hidden data. The document focuses on the least significant bit (LSB) technique, where the LSB of image pixel values are replaced with bits of the secret message. It provides algorithms for embedding data into and extracting data from images using LSB matching. The document also discusses using gray scale images and separating images into RGB layers to increase embedding capacity while maintaining image quality.
Steganography (US Listeni/ˌstɛ.ɡʌnˈɔː.ɡrʌ.fi/, UK /ˌstɛɡ.ənˈɒɡ.rə.fi/) is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos (στεγανός), meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein (γράφειν) meaning "writing"
This document discusses different types of steganalysis algorithms used to detect hidden messages embedded in digital files such as images, audio, and video. It describes specific steganalysis algorithms designed for certain embedding techniques as well as generic algorithms that can be applied broadly. Specific image steganalysis algorithms are discussed for formats like GIF, BMP, and JPEG. Audio steganalysis targets techniques like low-bit encoding, phase coding, spread spectrum coding, and echo hiding. Video steganalysis uses a framework with watermark attack and pattern recognition stages.
The document provides an overview of digital watermarking. It defines watermarking as imperceptibly altering a work to embed a message about the work. The document outlines the history of watermarking and discusses its applications, including owner identification, proof of ownership, broadcast monitoring, transaction tracking, and content authentication. It also compares watermarking to other techniques like cryptography and discusses the importance of digital watermarking for copyright protection in the digital age.
This document provides an overview of steganography. It discusses how steganography hides messages within carriers so that the message is concealed. The document then discusses the history of steganography dating back to ancient Greece. It also discusses modern uses of steganography during the Cold War and by terrorist groups. The document outlines the objectives of the study which are to provide security during message transmission. It then discusses steganography techniques like the LSB algorithm and provides snapshots of its implementation. Finally, it discusses the results of using LSB steganography and concludes with possibilities for further enhancement.
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The goal is to hide messages in such a way that no one apart from the intended recipient knows about the message. Various media can be used for steganography including text, images, audio, and digital watermarking. Modern techniques allow hidden data to be embedded into files like images and audio in ways that are almost impossible to detect without the correct software and password. Steganography is commonly used by terrorists and criminals to covertly plan activities and share instructions.
Cox & Kings is the oldest travel company in the world dating back to 1758. It was founded by Richard Cox who was appointed as an agent for the Foot Guards regiment. Today Cox & Kings has offices globally and is an independent tour operator headquartered in London. The document then provides background on Richard Cox and how he entered the service of an English General in the 1740s before marrying in 1747.
Steganography is the art of hiding secret messages within other cover messages. It works by embedding the secret message in a way that is imperceptible to anyone except the sender and recipient. Historically, secret messages were hidden on messengers' heads or in invisible inks or wax tablets. Steganography differs from cryptography in that it conceals the existence of the message rather than scrambling its contents. Common steganography techniques include least significant bit insertion into images, text, audio, and other file types. Steganalysis aims to detect the presence of hidden messages through statistical analysis, file properties, or signatures of steganography tools. Manual inspection with a hex editor can also reveal clues that steganography was used
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The concealed message is hidden in a way that prevents detection. It differs from cryptography, which encrypts a message to hide its meaning but not its existence. Modern steganography techniques include least significant bit insertion to hide messages in image files with minimal distortion. Detection of concealed messages is called steganalysis and involves visual or statistical analysis to reveal alterations caused by message embedding.
The document summarizes a business presentation about an Indian travel company. It discusses the company's origins and operations in outbound, inbound, and domestic tourism as well as foreign exchange. It then outlines the methodology, roles and responsibilities, analysis comparing the number of missing places on tours offered by different travel agents, and suggestions for the company.
The document discusses Cox & Kings, a tourism company in India. It provides details about the company's history, operations, competitors and segmentation of tourists. It also outlines Cox & Kings' brand strategy to achieve a well-defined brand personality and acquire 17% market share through promotion of various tourism segments, improving services, and using technology and marketing initiatives.
The document provides information about the internship of Sajjad Ashraf at Kay & Emms, including dedications, acknowledgements, and an abstract. It then discusses various aspects of Kay & Emms' operations, including merchandising, production planning and control (PPC), industrial engineering (IE), work study, standard minute value (SMV), time study, line balancing, and efficiency. The key areas covered are the types of merchandising, responsibilities of merchandisers, sampling processes, costing methodology, benefits of PPC, functions of IE, concepts of work study, SMV, and how efficiency is calculated.
This document provides an introduction to steganography. It defines steganography as concealing a file within another file by hiding information in images, audio, or video. The document outlines the history of steganography and its applications. It also discusses basic terminology, fields related to information hiding, steganalysis, and some common steganography tools. The document concludes with describing steganographic techniques such as least significant bit substitution and exercises for readers.
This document discusses the process of computer forensics which includes acquiring data from computers and storage devices, identifying recoverable data through forensic tools, evaluating the recovered data to determine how it can be used in employment termination or prosecution, and presenting the evidence in a manner that is understandable for legal purposes. It also discusses techniques for hiding and recovering hidden data such as steganography, watermarking, and analyzing disk slack space and swap files. The challenges of digital evidence acceptance in court and costs of computer forensics are also summarized.
This document discusses data hiding techniques such as steganography and watermarking. It begins with an introduction to data hiding and steganography, explaining that steganography embeds information in a medium in an imperceptible way. It then covers types of digital steganography like hiding messages in images, text, audio and video. Common techniques are discussed like least significant bit modification and network steganography. Applications include military/intelligence use and health care data hiding. Detection of hidden data (steganalysis) and problems with detecting steganography are also summarized.
The document provides an overview of steganography, which is the practice of hiding secret messages within other innocent messages or files. It discusses the differences between steganography and cryptography, various historical uses of steganography, and modern techniques such as hiding messages in digital images, audio, video and network traffic. The document also briefly outlines tools for steganography, challenges in steganalysis, and concludes with references for further information.
This document discusses steganography techniques for hiding secret information in digital images. It begins with an introduction to steganography and its differences from cryptography. It then discusses various steganography techniques including least significant bit insertion, masking and filtering, and transform domain techniques. It also discusses using bitmap images for steganography and the popularity of formats like JPEG. The goal of the document is to provide an overview of digital image steganography techniques.
Information and network security 17 steganographyVaibhav Khanna
Steganography is the practice of hiding a secret message inside of (or even on top of) something that is not secret. ... Or hiding a secret message or script inside of a Word or Excel document. The purpose of steganography is to conceal and deceive
Steganography is the art and science of hiding information by embedding messages within other cover messages or files like images, audio, or video. It comes from Greek words meaning "covered writing" and aims to conceal the very existence of messages to all but the intended recipient. Common steganography techniques include least significant bit encoding, discrete wavelet transforms, masking, and discrete cosine transforms to hide messages in digital files without detectable changes to the cover file. However, confidentiality relies on the algorithms remaining secret, and password leaks or unauthorized access by hackers could enable dangerous uses if the technique falls into the wrong hands.
Steganography is the art and science of hiding information by embedding messages within other cover messages or files like images, audio, or video. It comes from Greek words meaning "covered writing" and aims to conceal the very existence of hidden messages so that only the intended recipient knows a message has been sent. Common steganography techniques include least significant bit encoding and discrete wavelet, cosine, or masking transforms to conceal messages in digital files without perceptibly changing them. While providing better security than encryption alone if kept secret, password leakage or algorithms falling into the wrong hands could enable unauthorized access and be dangerous if abused.
Role of encryption in security vs privacy debateKristine Hejna
Presented at the Systems Engineering DC 2016 conference where the theme was protection of critical infrastructure on April 1, 2016.
Submitted as an proposal in 2015 before the Apple vs FBI debate arose.
The important thing is that there is a debate, and no single correct answer.
Your own ethics and responsibilities apply.
Even with the best security, every organization will eventually suffer some kind of security breach. When IT professionals suspect something “phishy” is going on with their network, they need to be able to take immediate action to limit damage while preserving critical evidence that will help law enforcement catch the bad guys. Join John Alexander, nCircle’s Product Manager, as he steps you through basic training in computer forensics.
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Digital Steganography and Virtual Environments discusses steganography techniques for hiding secret messages. It defines steganography and its constraints. Examples are given of real-world uses of steganography in photos and malware. Applications in virtual environments like gaming are discussed, but limitations exist due to human cognitive abilities. While virtual reality could theoretically hide large amounts of data, the fast streaming of multiple inputs exceeds human processing and would result in low integrity of decrypted messages. Traditional steganography techniques remain most effective currently.
Tails is a live operating system that aims to preserve privacy and anonymity. It routes all internet traffic through Tor and is designed to be used from USB or DVD. Tails wipes RAM on shutdown to leave no trace and protects against traffic analysis. It provides many privacy tools preinstalled like Tor Browser, email client, chat client and document software. To use Tails, download the ISO file and install it on a USB drive to boot and run entirely in RAM. Persistent storage allows saving documents, keys and configurations between sessions. Some security concerns with Tor include lack of end-to-end encryption, DNS leaks, compromised systems or exit nodes, and malicious files downloaded.
Draft current state of digital forensic and data science Damir Delija
In this presentation we will introduce current state of digital forensics, its positioning in general IT security and relations with data science and data analyses. Many strong links exist among this technical and scientific fields, usually this links are not taken into consideration. For data owners, forensic researchers and investigators this connections and data views presents additional hidden values.
Viral Parmar discusses steganography and how it can be used to hide secret messages within ordinary messages. Steganography techniques include hiding data in image files, word documents, network file streams, and other media. Parmar also covers how the Tor network functions to provide anonymity to users, but notes it has limitations like DNS leaks that can still reveal a user's identity. Case studies are presented on the Silk Road darknet market, bomb threats at Harvard, and FBI operations against Freedom Hosting and users of the Playpen child pornography site.
An Introduction to Surviving in a Surveillance SocietyMatt Imrie
This document provides an introduction to privacy tools for surviving in a surveillance society. It discusses the extent of surveillance in the UK through CCTV cameras and internet data interception programs. It then summarizes privacy tools like Tor, TAILS, and DuckDuckGo that can help provide anonymity online by routing traffic through volunteer networks or not tracking users. The document recommends using these tools correctly to anonymize web use while recognizing they must be used properly to be effective. It cites whistleblower Edward Snowden's revelations about global surveillance programs as motivation for protecting online privacy.
Steganography in digital image processing is viewed as a future technology, in processing image and hidden techniques behind sending an image secretly by covering it up something.
Encryption, steganography, data hiding, artifact wiping, and trail obfuscation are anti-forensic techniques used to hide digital evidence and make forensic investigations difficult. These techniques aim to conceal criminal activity by hiding data in places that are hard to find and modify file metadata and attributes to cast doubt on evidence. While some argue these methods help improve forensic procedures, they are generally considered malicious since they are designed to cover up illegal acts and prevent authorities from proving criminal cases.
This document discusses various threats to data and information security, including deliberate actions like hacking, viruses, and theft; accidental actions like human error; and technical failures of hardware or software. It provides examples of each type of threat and recommends strategies for prevention and evaluation of security management effectiveness, such as backups, access controls, encryption, firewalls, and disaster recovery planning.
The document discusses Lex and Yacc, which are programs that generate lexical analyzers and parsers. Lex uses regular expressions to generate a scanner that tokenizes input into tokens, while Yacc uses context-free grammars to generate a parser that analyzes tokens based on syntax rules. The document provides examples of how Lex and Yacc can be used together, with Lex generating tokens from input that are then passed to a Yacc-generated parser to build a syntax tree based on the grammar.
India has a large and growing tourism industry, accounting for 7.5% of GDP. Cultural tourism is an important part of this industry, as India has a long history and diverse cultural attractions. These include various historical and archaeological sites, festivals, performing arts, religions, and ways of life. The government has launched initiatives like "Incredible India" to promote cultural tourism within India and abroad.
The RequestDispatcher interface in Java allows servlets to dispatch or forward requests to other resources on the server like HTML files, JSP pages, or other servlets. It provides two main methods - forward() to forward a request and include() to include the response of a resource in the current response. The getRequestDispatcher() method of the ServletRequest interface returns a RequestDispatcher object that can then be used to call the forward() or include() methods, passing the request and response objects. An example is provided of a login servlet that uses RequestDispatcher to forward successfully authenticated requests to a welcome servlet or include an error message on failed authentication.
HTML describes the structure and content of web pages using tags. It uses tags like <p> for paragraphs and <img> to embed images. Common tags also include <head> for metadata, <body> for visible content, and <html> to enclose the entire page. HTML forms allow creating interactive elements like text fields, checkboxes, and buttons to collect user input. HTML5 is the latest version and introduces new semantic elements, multimedia capabilities, and APIs for building web applications.
PHP provides built-in connectivity to many databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle and more. To connect to a database in PHP, a connection is created using mysql_connect or mysql_pconnect, which may create a persistent connection. The high-level process involves connecting to the database, selecting a database, performing a SQL query, processing the results, and closing the connection. Key functions include mysql_query() to submit queries, mysql_fetch_array() to retrieve rows from the results, and mysql_close() to terminate the connection.
This document provides an overview of a 4-month industrial training program at Cox & Kings Pvt. Ltd., a 250-year-old travel company based in India. The training aims to expose students to practical work experience, corporate culture, and applying theoretical knowledge. Key aspects summarized include the 4-month duration, learning various skills, the author's roles and experiences as a travel counselor, and being mentored by tutors from Cox & Kings' Vadodara office.
These are detailed and well displayed examples to practice orthogonal Projection.This will be very helpful in Engineering Graphics. Do every example. Prepare Well!
This document discusses the importance of blood donation and provides information to encourage donation. It notes that blood is needed for accident victims, cancer patients, and others. While only 3% of eligible people donate annually, the need for blood increases 5% each year. Donating blood can help save multiple lives, is safe, and provides health benefits to the donor such as lowering cholesterol. The document outlines the blood donation process and emphasizes that no one should die without blood or blood donation.
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- For an object to escape Earth's gravity, it needs to reach the escape velocity of about 11 km/s, which can be reduced by taking advantage of Earth's rotation. Thrusting backwards in orbit lowers
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
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referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
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Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
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Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
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Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
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What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
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Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
3. INFORMATION HIDING
• Information Hiding is a branch of computer science that deals with
concealing the existence of a message
• It is related to cryptography whose intent is to render messages
unreadable except by the intended recipients
• It employs technologies from numerous science disciplines:
• Digital Signal Processing (Images, Audio, Video)
• Cryptography
• Information TheoryCoding Theory
• Data Compression
• Human Visual/Auditory perception
• There are four primary sub-disciplines of Information Hiding
• Steganography
• Watermarking
• Covert Channels
• Anonymity
4. • Alice and Bob
• Classical names given to the parties wishing to communicate
• Sometimes, you may have a Carol and a Dave
• Eve, an adversary, can listen to but not modify or forge a message
• (think passive eavesdropping)
• Wendy the Warden, another adversary, can monitor, modify, or forge a
message
• A passive warden simply listens (like Eve)
• An active warden may modify a message
• A malicious warden may forge a fake message
BASIC TERMINOLOGY
5. What is Steganography?
def’n:
the art and science of hiding information by
embedding it in some other data.
cryptography - render message unintelligible
steganography - conceal the existence of the message
6. • Steganography literally means “covered writing”
• A stegosaurus has a covered back
• Steganography’s primary goal is to hide data within some other data such that
the hidden data cannot be detected even if it is being sought
• Secondary goals:
• prevent extraction from the cover file without destroying the cover
• prevent destruction of the stego-message without destroying the cover
• Most frequently, steganography is applied to images, but many other data or
file types are possible
• Audio
• Video
• Text
• Executable programs
7. The cover provides a host for transporting the hidden info.
info
embed
-file
extract
info
8. Digital Steganography
• HTML message as cover?
• computer program as cover?
• network protocol headers
• white space in text
• unused space in buffer
• least significant bits of image
• slight distortion in sound file
• “Easter eggs”
9. Steganography in Images
Two types of compression:
• lossless (gif)
• lossy (jpeg)
Sometimes concealed message inserted as a comment.
Sometimes the accuracy of the image is sacrificed slightly.
Common Tools
• StegoDOS
• White Noise Storm
• S-tools
• Outguess
• Steghide
10. APPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION
HIDING• Covert military communications
• Covert police communications
• Criminals have learned that police are nearby when they hear encrypted
communications, so they abate their activity for the moment
• A steganographic system would prevent this detection
• Digital Rights Management – protecting intellectual property such as
images, music, electronic books, etc.
• Embedding textual data in medical images would better ensure that the
picture belongs to a particular patient
• This technique could apply to personal pictures, sounds, and movies
• Tamper proofing – ensuring a data file has not been changed
• Communicating in an oppressive country w/o free speech
11. NEFARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION HIDING
• You won’t find these applications in the book
• money laundering
• drug running
• child pornography
• spying (good or bad depending upon which side you’re on!)
• terrorism
• Unfortunately, these uses are also possible
• The technology itself isn’t bad, but like many things, it can be (and is)
abused
• Since there are nefarious uses, law enforcement and the military is also
interested in understanding hiding techniques and detecting hidden data
• There are some projects right here at UTSA that have done research for the
Air Force
12. STEGANALYSIS
• Steganalysis is the detection of data that has been hidden
• It is a cat and mouse game – as one group of researchers come up with
better ways to hide stuff, another group figures out how to detect it or
perhaps just destroy it
• In the summer course last year, one student thought he had a hiding system
that was undetectable
• His lab partner wrote a statistical analysis program that exposed the
hidden message
• The first student modified his program to defeat the attack
• His lab partner modified his analyzer and still found the message