The document discusses steganography, which is hiding secret messages within other harmless-looking files or messages. It describes how steganography embeds information in a way that prevents unauthorized parties from even knowing a hidden message has been sent. The document outlines some common techniques for hiding information in digital images, such as modifying least significant bits or using masking and filtering algorithms. It also notes that steganography can be used for confidential communication and secret data storage. Finally, it discusses how Python can be used to implement steganography, listing several Python modules like binascii, getpass, simplecrypt, and Pillow that are useful for steganography applications.