Statistical quality control (SQC) refers to the statistical tools used by quality professionals. SQC was pioneered in the 1920s by Walter Shewhart who developed control charts. Shewhart consulted on applying control charts during WWII. W. Edwards Deming helped introduce SQC methods to American and Japanese industry. SQC includes descriptive statistics, statistical process control (SPC), and acceptance sampling. Descriptive statistics describe quality characteristics while SPC uses control charts to monitor processes and determine if they are in a state of statistical control. Acceptance sampling involves inspecting samples to determine if full lots meet standards.
Control is a system for measuring and checking or inspecting a phenomenon. It suggests when to inspect, how often to inspect and how much to inspect. Control ascertains quality characteristics of an item, compares the same with prescribed quality characteristics of an item, compares the same with prescribed quality standards and separates defective item from non-defective ones.
Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is the term used to describe the set of statistical tools used by quality professionals.
SQC is used to analyze the quality problems and solve them. Statistical quality control refers to the use of statistical methods in the monitoring and maintaining of the quality of products and services.
Variation in manufactured products is inevitable; it is a fact of nature and industrial life. Even when a production process is well designed or carefully maintained, no two products are identical.
The difference between any two products could be very large, moderate, very small or even undetectable depending on the sources of variation.
For example, the weight of a particular model of automobile varies from unit to unit, the weight of packets of milk may differ very slightly from each other, and the length of refills of ball pens, the diameter of cricket balls may also be different and so on.
The existence of variation in products affects quality. So the aim of SQC is to trace the sources of such variation and try to eliminate them as far as possible.
Statistical process control (SPC) is a method of quality control which uses statistical methods. SPC is applied in order to monitor and control a process. Monitoring and controlling the process ensures that it operates at its full potential. At its full potential, the process can make as much conforming product as possible with a minimum (if not an elimination) of waste (rework or scrap). SPC can be applied to any process where the "conforming product" (product meeting specifications) output can be measured. Key tools used in SPC include control charts; a focus on continuous improvement; and the design of experiments. An example of a process where SPC is applied is manufacturing lines.
The presentation is about basic statistical techniques and how statistics can be used effectively in the quality control and process control. It also presents statistical package Minitab version 16 and some of its applications in the field of statistical process control.
statistical quality control, the use of statistical methods in the monitoring and maintaining of the quality of products and services. One method, referred to as acceptance sampling, can be used when a decision must be made to accept or reject a group of parts or items based on the quality found in a sample.
Control is a system for measuring and checking or inspecting a phenomenon. It suggests when to inspect, how often to inspect and how much to inspect. Control ascertains quality characteristics of an item, compares the same with prescribed quality characteristics of an item, compares the same with prescribed quality standards and separates defective item from non-defective ones.
Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is the term used to describe the set of statistical tools used by quality professionals.
SQC is used to analyze the quality problems and solve them. Statistical quality control refers to the use of statistical methods in the monitoring and maintaining of the quality of products and services.
Variation in manufactured products is inevitable; it is a fact of nature and industrial life. Even when a production process is well designed or carefully maintained, no two products are identical.
The difference between any two products could be very large, moderate, very small or even undetectable depending on the sources of variation.
For example, the weight of a particular model of automobile varies from unit to unit, the weight of packets of milk may differ very slightly from each other, and the length of refills of ball pens, the diameter of cricket balls may also be different and so on.
The existence of variation in products affects quality. So the aim of SQC is to trace the sources of such variation and try to eliminate them as far as possible.
Statistical process control (SPC) is a method of quality control which uses statistical methods. SPC is applied in order to monitor and control a process. Monitoring and controlling the process ensures that it operates at its full potential. At its full potential, the process can make as much conforming product as possible with a minimum (if not an elimination) of waste (rework or scrap). SPC can be applied to any process where the "conforming product" (product meeting specifications) output can be measured. Key tools used in SPC include control charts; a focus on continuous improvement; and the design of experiments. An example of a process where SPC is applied is manufacturing lines.
The presentation is about basic statistical techniques and how statistics can be used effectively in the quality control and process control. It also presents statistical package Minitab version 16 and some of its applications in the field of statistical process control.
statistical quality control, the use of statistical methods in the monitoring and maintaining of the quality of products and services. One method, referred to as acceptance sampling, can be used when a decision must be made to accept or reject a group of parts or items based on the quality found in a sample.
Statistical process control is defined as and use of statistical technique to control a process or production method .It is used in manufacturing or production process to measure how consistently a product perform according to its design specification.
Control Charts in Lab and Trend Analysissigmatest2011
Go through this presentation by Sigma Test and Research Centre and know about control charts in lab and trend analysis. To know more about us visit our website.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS USING STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL
Using this method the assignable causes for rejections were found out and therefore there was no rejection to very less rejection of the products which was controlled using SPC.
I wrote this eBook for a software client based on the appropriate persona, available technical materials and interviews with internal subject matter experts. The client used this eBook for their content marketing lead generation campaigns targeted to international manufacturers.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
2. What is SQC ?
• Statistical quality control (SQC) is the term
used to describe the set of statistical tools
used by quality professionals.
2
3. History
• SQC was pioneered by Walter A. Shewhart at Bell
Laboratories in the early 1920s.
• Shewhart developed the control chart in 1924 and the
concept of a state of statistical control.
• Shewhart consulted with Colonel Leslie E. Simon in the
application of control charts to munitions manufacture at the
Army's Picatinney Arsenal in 1934.
3
4. History
• W. Edwards Deming invited Shewhart to speak at
the Graduate School of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture, and served as the editor of Shewhart's
book Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality
Control (1939) which was the result of that lecture.
• Deming was an important architect of the quality
control short courses that trained American
industry in the new techniques during WWII.
4
5. • Deming traveled to Japan during the Allied
Occupation and met with the Union of Japanese
Scientists and Engineers(JUSE)in an effort to
introduce SQC methods to Japanese industry
5
8. Descriptive Statistics
– The Mean- measure of central tendency
– The Range- difference between largest/smallest
observations in a set of data
– Standard Deviation measures the amount of data
dispersion around mean
8
9. The Mean
• To compute the mean we simply sum all the observations and divide by the total
no. of observations.
9
10. The Range
• Range, which is the difference between the largest
and smallest observations.
10
11. Standard Deviation
• Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion of
a curve.
• It measures the extent to which these values are
scattered around the central mean.
11
12. • Extend the use of descriptive statistics to monitor
the quality of the product and process
• Statistical process control help to determine the
amount of variation
• To make sure the process is in a state of control
12
Statistical process control
12
13. Variation in Quality
• No two items are exactly alike.
• Some sort of variations in the two items is bound to be
there. In fact it is an integral part of any manufacturing
process.
• This difference in characteristics known as variation.
• This variation may be due to substandard quality of raw
material, carelessness on the part of operator, fault in
machinery system etc..
13
14. Types Of Variations
14
• Variation due to “CHANCE CAUSES”
• Variation due to “ASSIGNABLE CAUSES”
15. Variation due to chance causes/common causes
• Variation occurred due to chance.
• This variation is NOT due to defect in machine,
Raw material or any other factors.
• Behave in “random manner”.
• Negligible but Inevitable
• The process is said to be under the state of
statistical control.
15
15
16. Variation due to assignable causes
Non – random causes like:
– Difference in quality of raw material
– Difference in machines
– Difference in operators
– Difference of time
16
16
18. Specification and control limits
• No item in the world can be a true copy of another item.
• It is not expressed in absolute values but in terms of a
range.
• For Eg:
The diameter of a pen is expected by its manufacturer
not as 7mm but as 7mm ± 0.05.
Thus, the diameter of a pen produced by the
manufacturer can vary from 6.95 mm to 7.05 mm.
18
21. SPC Methods-Control Charts
• Control Charts show sample data plotted on a graph
with CL, UCL, and LCL
• Control chart for variables are used to monitor
characteristics that can be measured, e.g. length,
weight, diameter, time
• Control charts for attributes are used to monitor
characteristics that have discrete values and can be
counted, e.g. % defective, number of flaws in a shirt,
number of broken eggs in a box
21
22. Control Charts for Variables
• x-bar charts
It is used to monitor the changes in the mean of
a process (central tendencies).
• R-bar charts
It is used to monitor the dispersion or variability
of the process
22
23. Constructing a X-bar chart
• A factory produces 50 cylinders per hour. Samples of 10 cylinders
are taken at random from the production at every hour and the
diameters of cylinders are measured. Draw X-bar and R charts and
decide whether the process is under control or not.
23
30. Control limits of R-BarChart
• Central Line =
• U.C.L =
=45.50
• L.C.L =
=0
30
6.19R
)96.19(*)28.2(4 RD
)96.19(*)0(3 RD
For n = 4, D4=2.28, D3=0
32. Control Charts for Attributes
• Attributes are discrete events; yes/no, pass/fail
Use P-Charts for quality characteristics that are discrete and
involve yes/no or good/bad decisions
• Number of leaking caulking tubes in a box of 48
• Number of broken eggs in a carton
Use C-Chartsfor discrete defects when there can be more
than one defect per unit
• Number of flaws or stains in a carpet sample cut from a
production run
• Number of complaints per customer at a hotel
32
33. P-Chart Example
• A Production manager of a BKT tire company has inspected the
number of defective tires in five random samples with 20 tires in
each sample. The table below shows the number of defective tires
in each sample of 20 tires. Calculate the control limits.
33
37. C - Chart Example
• The number of weekly customer complaints are monitored in a
large hotel using a c-chart. Develop three sigma control limits
using the data table below.
37
41. Process Capability
• Evaluating the ability of a production process to meet or exceed
preset specifications. This is called process capability.
• Product specifications, often called tolerances, are preset ranges of
acceptable quality characteristics, such as product dimensions.
41
42. Two parts of process capability
1) Measure the variability of the output of a process,
and
2) Compare that variability with a proposed
specification or product tolerance.
42
43. Measuring Process Capability
• To produce an acceptable product, the process
must be capable and in control before
production begins.
43
6
LSLUSL
Cp
44. Example
• Let’s say that the specification for the
acceptable volume of liquid is preset at 16
ounces ±.2 ounces, which is 15.8 and 16.2
ounces.
44
45. Figure (a)
• The process produces 99.74 percent (three sigma) of the product
with volumes between 15.8 and 16.2 ounces.
45
1pC
46. Figure (b)
• The process produces 99.74 percent (three
sigma) of the product with volumes between
15.7 and 16.3 ounces.
46
1pC
47. Figure (c)
• the production process produces 99.74 percent (three sigma) of the
product with volumes between 15.9 and 16.1 ounces.
47
1pC
48. Process capability ratio (off centering process)
• There is a possibility that the process mean may
shift over a period of time, in either direction,
i.e., towards the USL or the LSL. This may result
in more defective items then the expected. This
shift of the process mean is called the off-
centering of the process.
48
3
,
3
min
LSLUSL
C kp
49. Example
• Process mean:
• Process standard deviation:
• LSL = 15.8
• USL = 16.2
49
9.15
067.0
1
)067.0(6
4.0
pC