Statistical Data Analysis On The Field Of Counseling...

Statistical Data Analysis On The Field Of Counseling...
Statistical data analysis is important in the field of counseling psychology. It is important because it
provides advancement in social behavioral science research. It also provides secondary analysis in
research. Some topics in social research need updating or there is limited research on the topic, or
the published research is too broad to apply to one's current research study. For instance, frequency
distribution is an essential need that occurs often in social research. We identify it as a set of
variables that occur frequently and the goal is to support the hypothesis or goals of the literature
research. In this paper will discuss what the author of this paper completed to develop a frequency
distribution in SPSS, the author's findings of the research, and what the author learned from utilizing
the dataset provided. In this lab assignment, there were several steps completed for frequencies,
frequency tables, bar charts, pie charts, and histograms with the 1998 state court dataset. These
analytical tasks prove the ability to successfully complete and report frequency distributions. From
the 1998 state court data file, the following variables analyzed in SPSS were: race of defendant, age
at arrest, and number of pretrial rearrests. First, in SPSS the 1998 state court dataset in the data view
were completed. Next, analysis through the descriptive statistics tab then through the frequencies
sub–tab occurred. After that, three variables to complete the assigned
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Essay On Wifa
In the second part of the thesis, the geometry of the antennas of each WiFi access point is changed to
URA in order to extend the searching area into 2–D search, the well–known subspace MUSIC
algorithm is used for the examination of the received spatial information, and then it estimates each
spatial spectrum in which the Azimuth Angle of Arrival (AOA) and Elevation Angle of Arrival
(EOA) of all the paths at each URA WiFi access point is located. After that, because our system is
considered under very low SNR, a set of spectra at some APs might be influenced, so, a fine–
grained fusion algorithm has been added, it computes the minimum errors between each location in
a known grid dimension and the estimated AOA and EOA at every URA array, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
A hence about the novel GBSA–MDL source number estimation algorithm and our contribution in
this thesis was set in the first part of the introduction.
In the second part, the wireless based indoor localization which are RSS, TOA, DOA, and TDOA
techniques have been introduced and the grammatical failure of these methods for indoor
localization under the effect of the high existence of multipath signals. Also, we gave a brief
explanation about data fusion multiple sensor techniques and several related works have been
introduced. We motivated our novel indoor positioning algorithm by showing the significant
addition of the multiple sensor data fusion with the recently mentioned wireless based indoor
techniques and the serious need of the 2–D array geometry in the next 5G. At the end, our
contribution in this dissertation has been included.
Chapter 2: Literature Review: In this part, several basic concepts are introduced. We start our
chapter by explaining the meaning of optimization and its two main categories which are local
optimization and global optimization, also the advantages of using the last mentioned category
compared to the first one is mentioned. Accordingly, the most know newly invented global
optimization algorithms based on nature behaviors like the GA, PSO and GBSA are introduced. In
addition of that, the galaxy based search algorithm is studied well and its

Metamaterial Essay
Review of Micro strip patch antenna for Bandwidth Enhancement by using Metamaterial HOMA
AFROZ HUSAIN, PURAN GOUR
NIIST BHOPAL homaafroz22@gmail.com, erpurangour@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
We have Review different research paper. Accordingly it is used to achieve significant bandwidth
enhancement and analyze the matching and radiation properties of sub wavelength resonant patch
antenna filled with double–negative, double positive and single negative meta material block ,quasi
static equivalent circuit model for analysis and design of different types of artificial magnetic
resonator and the possibility of using an active internal matching element in several type of
metamaterial inspired electrically small antenna to overcome their ... Show more content on
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Metamaterials offer the potential to create superlenses Such a lens could allow imaging below the
diffraction limit that is the minimum resolution that can be achieved by conventional glass lenses A
form of 'invisibility' was demonstrated using gradient index materials Acoustic and seismic
metamaterial
DUAL MODE MINITIARIZED ELLIPTICAL PATCH ANTENNA WITH µ NEGATIVE
METAMATERIAL
PAI YEN CHEN et al [1] It is used to achieve significant bandwidth enchancement, in principle
overcoming the Chu limit on bandwidth for single mode electrically small antenna.The antenna may
also be tailored to operate as a dual–band electrically small antenna and intriguing polasrization
properties may be envisioned by coupling the two orthogonal mode. The antenna consists of a
metallic patch loaded by a grounded
Inhomogeneous substrate with thickness consisting of a rectangular DPS dielectric shell with
permittivity and permeability and a magnetic material core. Metamaterial based antenna do not
explicitly depend on frequency, passivity and kramers– kronig relation imply that required negative
permeability varies with frequency.This in turn implies that these subwavelength device have
limited bandwidth consistent with general limit. DUAL–BAND OPERATION
PAI YEN CHEN et al[1] The possibility offered by the elliptical geometry to operate as a dual–band
antenna with resonance at design frequency fo=0.4 GHZ and fe=0.6GHZ,fo and fe

How Optical Antennas Are An Emerging Concept Within...
1. Introduction
Optical antennas are an emerging concept in physical optics. Similar to radio–wave and microwave
antennas, their purpose is to convert the energy of free propagating radiation to localized energy, and
vice versa. Optical antennas exploit the unique properties of metal nanostructures, which behave as
strongly coupled plasmas at optical frequencies.
Electromagnetic (EM) waves from low radiofrequencies (RF) to high optical frequencies pervade
our environment. They interact with matter by coupling directly to the motion of charge carriers.
This carrier motion can be associated with characteristic spectral resonances resulting from
absorption and emission of EM energy.
According to the IEEE Standard Definitions of Terms for Antennas, an antenna is defined as the
'part of a transmitting or receiving system that is designed to radiate or to receive electromagnetic
waves' [1]. Depending on the resonance properties, environment, and use, an antenna can be
designed in all sizes and shapes including linear dipoles, horns, dishes, apertures, and patches.
Despite the different form factors, all antennas operate under the same principle. They mediate the
transformation between propagating EM energy and localized or confined energy delivered to a load
or emitted from a source via coupling of the EM energy to electron motion. Although originally
conceived for radio waves, the antenna definition above notably does not constrain the frequency
range of operation. The same

Frequency-Following Response Paper
The paper illustrates the differences among individuals in the Frequency–following response (FFR)
and its connection with pitch perception. Generally, the FFR is presumed to introduce the pitch of a
particular sound perceived by individuals. FFR varies among individuals and the reason of this
variability is still unknown. However, the authors of this paper carried out the investigation to find
out the relation between FFR representation of the frequency of a complex tune and perception of
the pitch of the fundamental frequency.
The FFR to complex sounds varies between all individuals with same characteristics and healthy
body. This gives rise to a question about FFR and its contribution in auditory system such as how
auditory information and cognitive progression is followed by FFR and how these processes are
transformed into behavior tasks which then results in distinguished pathology and health conditions.
To find out the answers, this research was conducted on how unevenness in the ... Show more
In the first experiment before EEG, subjects performed a computerized listening task to measure the
hearing pitch capacity. Global index of their perceptual preference was obtained by presenting them
two harmonic complex tones. The authors assessed the subjects with musical experience to find out
the connection between perceptual bias and neural correlates. Subjects were delivered auditory
stimuli through earphones. To evaluate rank correlations between perceptual bias and measures of
musicianship, Spearman's rho was calculated between f0 strength and perceptual bias. Wilcox on
signed rank test was conducted to evaluate differences among f0 distributions. Each subject was
visually inspected in respect of time and frequency domain data. The authors could not find a
considerable bond between perceptual bias and age but the relationship between perceptual bias and
f0 strength in the MF (missing fundamental) condition was

The LAcoustics Training Program
The L–Acoustics training program is designed to enable technicians, system engineers and sound
designers to get the best performance from L–Acoustics systems.
The course is separated into three days of lectures, hands on workshops, listening tests, networking,
fun, sound jokes, and free lunches!
The seminars adopt an "à la carte" format with complementary modules, each one addressing a
specific educational need. Participants can register for one single training day or several at a time,
therefore progressing along the curriculum at their own pace. On completion of each training day,
participants receive a Certificate of Attendance.
Level 1 provides fundamental knowledge and practical methods for the configuration and operation
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
DIRECTIVITY CONTROL
Practical Definition of a line source
Coherent wavefront emitted by a line + a listener with in the near–field for a large frequency range.
The transition zone between the near / far field two is known as the D–Border
Interest of near field
Full directivity control over sound dispersion = restriction + command + regulation
Restraint: I just want the subs to go forward
Command : Hey could we make it not go there and finesse it here
Regulation : that sub array is very even and behaving well with respect to coverage
Effect of Curvature
Adjustment of coverage + improvement of control.
Frequency domains of a line source
Moderate control for lowest frequencies / high control for highest frequencies.
SPL COVERAGE
Parameters for mechanical setting:
Enclosure types
Number of elements
Trim height
Interelement angles.
Design with Soundvision : Mapping SPL : Results and Visualization
3D Coverage Visualization

SPL target tool Box
SPL at maximum listening distance
Determined by enclosure type + angles + overshooting
Low influence of SPL target or number of enclosures
Number of Enclosures
Determining mean SPL
Too many elements may degrade SPL distribution, especially in front
Less elements may moderate problems induced by low trim height
Optimising SPL Coverage
SPL Distribution + coverage = contradictory objectives at start of the audience (rapid SPL build up
with wide inter element angles)
–3db Target
Quick comprimise
Beware of

Cmos
CMOS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ULTRA WIDE BAND RECEIVERS
ABSTRACT
Ultrawide band is a unique technology which is used for commercial communications. In this ,I will
explain about UWB and how to integrate it with CMOS technology.This is by designing a UWB
receiver using CMOS technology. Use Verilog to build behavioral model of LNA,mixer,bandpass
filter,integrator.Instante the components in Cadence and run simulation in time domain. In this paper
,I have specified the design considerations of ultra wideband (UWB) receiver architecture. Here, a
more power efficient architecture should undertake part of the signal processing in the analog–
domain. Next, the multiband UWB transceiver is studied and power–efficient circuits is designed for
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
RF SAW pre–filter, which removes out–of–band interferer, and a notch filter centered at 5
GHZ UNII band relaxes receiver dynamic range. Large bandwidth of the UWB signal rces use of
RF front–end with low gain compared to narrow band systems. As a result, baseband channel select
filter must have very small input–referred noise. Furthermore, baseband filter requires high
attenuation and a very accurate and steep roll–off to further limit interfering signal strength, which
limits dynamic range of the subsequent ADC.
Synthesizer implementation must limit spurious tones at the output of the synthesizer, which can
transform interferers into the wanted frequency band. The remainder of this section deals with more
detailed system specifications.
1. Sensitivity, Gain, NF: In MB–OFDM UWB, an UWB receiver operating in the first three bands
(Mode 1 only) needs to have a noise figure (NF) better than 6.6 dB. However, for the UWB device
operating in the first three band groups with nine bands, the required system NF can be 9 db taking
into account the coding gain. A margin of 3 dB is added to set the NF specification for the receiver
as 6 dB. This margin is set after system level simulation taking into account the following combined
non–idealities: 1) 5 degrees in phase and 1 dB in amplitude of
I/Q imbalance; 2) 5 bits of effective ADC quantization; 3) 9 dB of clipping in the signal peak–to–
average ratio (PAR); 4) a

Ma3110 Wk 1 Homework
Section 1–2 Ex. 26
Surgery vs. Splints – A study compared surgery and splinting for subjects suffering from carpal
tunnel syndrome. It was found that among 73 patients treated with surgery, there was a 92% success
rate. Among 83 patients treated with splints, there was a 72% success rate. Calculations using these
results showed that if there really is no difference in success rates between surgery and splints, then
there is about a 1 in 1000 chance of getting success rates like the one obtained in this study. a.
Should we conclude that surgery is better than splints for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome? It
would be unfair to make such a conclusion. There are pieces of data missing: age of the patients,
current health ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They are not the same, however they are not substantially different.
Section 2–2 Ex. 18
Radiation in Baby Teeth – Listed below are amounts of strontium–90 (in milli–becquerels) in a
simple random sample of baby teeth obtained from Pennsylvania residents born after 1979 (based on
data from "An Unexpected Rise in Strontium–90 in U.S. Deciduous Teeth in the 1990s," by
Mangano, et al., Science of the Total Environment). Construct a frequency distribution with eight
classes. Begin with a lower class limit of 110, and use a class width of 10. Cite a reason why such
data are important. Strontium–90 saturation in Milli–becquerels | Frequency | 110 – 120 | 2 | 121 –
130 | 2 | 131 – 140 | 5 | 141 – 150 | 7 | 151 – 160 | 13 | 161 – 170 | 6 | 171 – 180 | 1 | 181 – 190 | 1 |
This data is important for two reasons: determining who has had the most frequent exposure, and the
most likely location of the Strontium–90.
Section 2–3 Ex. 1
Histogram – Table 2–2 is a

Graphically Representing Data And Distribution Tables That...
Graphically Representing Data
Within a School Setting
Christopher M. Lightfoot Abstract
This paper examines the ability to graphically display frequency distribution tables that are
represented within a school setting. There are three types of data sets that are interpreted within two
types of frequency distribution tables (see Table 1). The first type of data set that is mentioned is a
discrete nominal data set that is graphically displayed as a bar chart (see Figure 1), which displays
the reoccurrence of each category within the simple frequency table (see Table 2). The second data
type referenced is a discrete ordinal data set that was analyzed through a simple frequency table. The
simple frequency table allows for the conversion of the ordinal data into a pie chart (see Figure 2),
which measures the percentages within a four point Likert Scale (see Table 3). The final data source
is a continuous interval set, which was interpreted through a cumulative frequency table (see table
4). The cumulative frequency table is graphically represented in Figure 3 as a combination of a
histogram (which measures the percentage of class intervals) and scatter points (to identify the
cumulative percentage between all of the class intervals).
Graphically Representing Data
Within a School Setting
The creation of frequency distribution tables allows for the conversion of the data within the set into
a dramatic graphic representation. Research from the

Ultrasonic is the universally accepted technique to study...
Ultrasonic is the universally accepted technique to study the physico–chemical properties of the
liquids, liquid mixtures, electrolytic solutions and polymeric solutions. Liquids, liquid–mixtures and
solutions find wide applications in medical, pharmaceutical, chemical, lather, textile, nuclear and
solvent, solution related industries. The study and understanding of the thermodynamic properties of
liquid mixtures and solutions are more essential for their applications in these industries. The
measurements of ultrasonic velocity in the combination of density and viscosity have been used to
study the molecular interactions in liquid mixtures and solutions.
Proteins are the linear macromolecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acids ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ultrasonic:
Ultrasonic is science of acoustics dealing with generation and use of inaudible acoustic waves. The
sound waves having frequencies ranging above 20KHZ up to several MHZ i.e. human audible
ranges are called ultrasonic waves. The sound waves of low frequencies i.e. below human audible
range are infrasonic waves. Like life, ultrasonic was originated from sea. The five senses of living
beings i.e. hearing, touch, smell, sight and taste are interdependent on each other. Out of these five,
two are important for long rang interaction i.e. sight and hearing and other three have short range
performance. But these things are different under water because long range sight has no use under
water. By default, sound waves have long range sensing functionality under water.
The era of ultrasonic began with the wrecking of RMS Titanic which crashed with ice berg. The
detection of ice berg was done by high frequency waves. In 1915 Langevin (the father of ultrasonic)
invented the underwater SONAR for submarine detection. Sokolov suggested the concept of
ultrasonic metal flaw detection in 1928. After that slow and steady progress was made in the
measurement of propagation constant of material. The propagation of ultrasonic waves through solid
material has been used to detect hidden cracks, porosity, voids and other discontinuities in metal.
The field of ultrasonic has wide application in science, medicine and

Ryan Deluna. Independent Project. 1.Frequency Distribution
Ryan DeLuna
Independent Project
1. Frequency distribution of a variable and bar graph of the same variable
A frequency distribution table is used for arranging data values and counting the number of time
each value appears in a dataset. They can be used for both qualitative and quantitative variables. For
this data pool I decided to use the subjects' marital status because it is a qualitative, nominal level
variable. (Polit, 23)
Frequency table results for racethn:
Count = 972 racethn Frequency Relative Frequency Percent of Total
Black, not Hispanic 795 0.81790123 81.790123
Hispanic 123 0.12654321 12.654321
White, not Hispanic 54 0.055555556 5.5555556
The table above is a frequency table that shows the relative frequency and the percent ... Show more
The summary includes variance, mean, median, mode and standard deviation. As shown in the
histogram majority of people in the data pool have a height of 62–68 inches. This is a symmetrical
distribution seeing how close the mean and median are to each other.
3. Cross tabulation of two variables
A cross tabulation is a two–dimensional frequency distribution of two nominal or ordinal variables
that records the frequency of respondents that have the specific characteristics. These tables provide
a wealth of information about the relationship between the variables. For an example I chose to use
poverty levels and smoking to show how a contingency table can illustrate a frequency distribution.
Poverty level is a nominal variable that will be the independent variable and the dependent variable
will be smoking. The end table is a chi–square test and it is used to determine if the variables are
unrelated.
Contingency table results:
Rows: smoker
Columns: poverty
Cell format
Count
(Row percent)
(Column percent)
(Percent of total)

(Expected count)
(Contributions to Chi–Square)
Above poverty Below poverty Total
No
Count
(Row percent)
(Column percent)
(Percent of total)
(Expected count)
(Contributions to Chi–Square) 127
(25.87%)
(58.26%)
(13.13%)
(110.69)
(2.4) 364
(74.13%)
(48.6%)
(37.64%)
(380.31)
(0.7) 491
(100%)
(50.78%)
(50.78%)
Yes
Count
(Row percent)
(Column percent)
(Percent of

Electrical Energy Into Mechanical Energy
4.1. Principle of Operation
Ultrasonic sensors are devices deployed to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Ultrasonic waves are longitudinal waves which move as a series of compressions and rarefactions
across the direction of wave propagation through the medium [37]. In addition to distance
measurement, they are also utilised in ultrasonic material testing to detect; air bubbles, cracks, and
other defects in products, detection of object and position, ultrasonic mouse, etc [37].
Ultrasonic sound waves are mechanical vibrations that display all of the same features as audible
sound waves, only they operate at higher frequencies. Audible sound wave frequencies range
between 20 Hz to 20 kHz. In contrast ultrasonic waves range from 20 kHz to 800 MHz, Generally,
ultrasonic waves that are used for the testing of materials range from around 0.5 MHz to 20 MHz
[38]. Ultrasonic waves are transferred via vibrating particles; therefore, ultrasonic waves require a
transmission medium whether it is solid, liquid, or gas along which to propagate [3].
The velocity of sound is not constant, but, it alters in dissimilar media and also in the same medium
at different temperature. For instance, it is estimated to be roughly around 331.9272 meters per
second at 0°C in air medium; however, it increased to around 344.4240 meters per second at 20°C in
the same air medium, or an increase of around 0.6248 meters per second for every centigrade degree
rise in temperature [39]. Sound

What Is The Importance Of Reproduculation?
Accordingly, to ensure long–term stability and reproducibility of the properties of the synthesized
light transient for the synthesizer apparatus, PI Hassan opted for both passive and active path length
stabilization. Long–term stability and reproducibility are of paramount importance for reliable
application in high–precision attosecond and high–field experiments. The four–arm interferometer
of Figure 3(a) was realized as a quasi–monolithic setup in which the mounts hosting the optical
components were directly attached to a thermally–stabilized, casted–aluminum baseplate enclosed
into an aluminum housing that protects the optical setup against air fluctuations. Thermal
stabilization was achieved by water flow through the volume of the ... Show more content on
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Such delay can be introduced alternatively by calcite plates. Consequently, to detect spectral
interference, and to trace the relative delay between the pulses in different channels, a small fraction
(~2.5%) of the broadband beam was directed through a Glan–Thomson polarizer to the entrance of a
fiber spectrometer. Because the Glan–Thomson polarizer projects S–and P–polarized components of
adjacent channels on the same axis, and adjusts their relative amplitude depending on its angle, it
can enable their spectral interference. Spectral fringes were recorded between pulses of ChDUV and
ChVIS–UV, ChVIS–UV and ChVIS, as well as ChVIS and ChNIR. Once the two beams were
brought to interference, spectral interferometry was used to derive the relative delays between pulses
in adjacent channels. In order to compensate for the detected drifts in the optical paths among
different channels, a computer program analyzed spectra in real time, and accordingly adjusted the
position of the piezoelectric translational stage in each channel to stabilize their relative optical
length. Utilizing this approach, the achieved (measured) standard deviation of the phase stability
between ChDUV and ChVIS–UV, ChVIS–UV and ChVIS, and ChVIS and ChNIR was ~π/20,
~π/30, and ~π/60, respectively. Thanks to the efficiency of the passive stabilization scheme referred
to above, the active stabilization module was expected to correct drifts at mHz rates only–i.e., delay
adjustments once every few seconds.

Hardware and Sorftware: Major Techniques that Allocate...
Introduction
There are four major techniques that allocate capacity for wireless WAN communications. These
techniques are Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access
(FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing (OFDM). (Goleniewski, L. 2007) Each technique has pros and cons when compared
amongst each other. The following is a summary of why each technique has a need, and some of the
challenges that come with that technique.
Radio Frequency
Radio Frequency or RF is used in our everyday lives whether or not you realize it. Some of the
common uses of Radio Frequencies are:
AM radio – 535 kilohertz to 1.7 megahertz
FM radio – 88 megahertz to 108 megahertz
Short ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The classic RF structure has a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter creates electrical signals
that are called a carrier signal. The carrier signal frequency is determined by the wave length. The
carrier signal is modulated to carry voice by adding a contrast signal to the wave form. The receiver
gets the pair of sidebands and transforms them into speech or other sounds. RF in a wireless
environment can have dead spots due to line of sight issues.
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) is a technique in which each user is assigned to a
different frequency; it is used in older analog cellular systems. (Goleniewski, L. 2007) This allows
everyone to speak at the same time, but it requires a different frequency band for each user. This
creates a limitation of the technique, as each cell can only support 60 users. With the digital
technology of today, FDMA is no longer a viable solution due to the limitation on users. It is also
expensive for the service provider since there needs to be a transceiver for each channel, and
because of the great amount of power that is consumed. FDMA does still serve a purpose today,
though. It is used to divide the allocated spectrum into individual channels, by which other channels
will then enable many users to use one channel. (Goleniewski, L. 2007)
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is a technique that takes advantage of FDMA. The
frequency spectrum is first split into

Frequency Distributions and Sampling
Frequency Distributions:
A normal distribution can be regarded as the most important continuous probability distribution in
statistics since it can be utilized to model several sets of measurements in business, industry, and
nature. For instance, normal distributions can be used to measure the systolic blood pressure of
humans, housing costs, and the lifetime of television sets through random variables. Generally,
normal distributions can have any mean and positive standard deviation as the two parameters
totally determine the shape of the normal curve during evaluation. In this case, the mean determines
the location of the symmetry line while the standard deviation defines how much the data are spread
out ("Normal Probability Distributions", n.d.). In the United States, the age at time of death is more
likely to closely approximate a normal distribution than annual income because data on income and
income inequality are more controversial. Annual income does not closely approximate a normal
distribution because there are different approximation methodologies and the fact that households
generally have more than a single individual. Furthermore, annual income does not closely
approximate a normal distribution because of the continued growth in income inequality due to
various factors such as the high rates of unemployment. On the contrary, age at time of death closely
approximates a normal distribution because the mortality rates in the United States have a

How An Accelerometer Works, One Must First Understand The...
Introduction
To understand how an accelerometer works, one must first understand the concept of vibration. One
example of vibration is sound. When an object vibrates and creates a disturbance in a medium, it
creates a sound wave. The sound wave travels in sinusoidal form with certain frequencies. This
affect was observed in this experiment with a guitar string, a motor, and a cell phone. The vibration
of these systems can be measured with an accelerometer. The accelerometer converts mechanical
acceleration to an electric signal.
To record the data measured by the accelerometer, the DAQ system LabVIEW was used. LabVIEW
collected the time and frequency data from the plucked guitar string. An important aspect of the
DAQ system is the sample rate, or the number of measurements it can make in a certain amount of
time. It is an important parameter because without a high enough sample rate, highly dynamic
behavior may not be recorded. Another problem with using an insufficient sampling rate is aliasing
which is the misinterpretation of high frequency signals as lower frequency components. To prevent
this, the sample frequency must be twice the highest frequency. Any signal in the system that is
above the Nyquist frequency, which is half the sampling frequency, is subject to aliasing, or false
frequency measurement. This means that the data is only reliable up to half of the sampling
frequency. However, a sample rate that is too high leads to difficult data processing and noise

Comparing Techniques For Collecting Data On Primary And...
STUDENT NAME: Bailey Jacobs EMAIL: bjaco50@eq.edu.au TEACHER: F Stevenson D
Harman K Podlich A Brown Statistical Inferences Purpose: In this unit we have studied how to:
comparing techniques for collecting data in primary and secondary sources. Making sense of the
position of the mean and median in skewed, symmetric and bimodal displays to describe and
interpret data. Constructing histograms and back–to–back stem–and–leaf plots. Calculate relative
frequencies Investigate data used and its validity Now it is your turn to demonstrate your fluency
and understanding of these concepts in applying your knowledge from simple through to complex
application in real life and theoretical contexts. Task Are we a typical Australian Year 9 class? In this
task you will collect, process and compare data of body measurements from two groups: your
mathematics class and an ABS CensusAtSchool sample. Your teacher is looking for evidence of
mathematical understanding, fluency and problem solving and reasoning abilities, not only correct
answers. When using a calculator, show enough working so that your teacher can see the method
used. Content: Identify everyday questions and issues involving at least one numerical and at least
one categorical variable, and collect data directly from secondary sources. Construct back–to–back
stem–and–leaf plots and histograms and describe data, using terms including 'skewed', 'symmetric'
and 'bi–modal'.

Assignment 1 Answer Essay
[pic]
BUQU 1230
Assignment #1
Solve the following 3 problems:
1– Consider the data set for the sample of 10 minisystems that is posted on the course web site.
Open the Excel "Minisystems" file and answer the following questions: a. What are the elements in
this study? How many elements are in the data set?
Brand & Model b. How many variables are in the data set?
5 Variables (Price, Sound Quality, CD Capacity, FM Tuning, and Tape Decks) c. Which of the
variables are quantitative and which are categorical?
Categorical: Sound Quality, FM Tuning, and Tape Decks
Quantitative: Price and CD Capacity d. What is the average CD capacity for the sample?
3
e. What percentage of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A frequency distribution (use a class width of 3 hours) b. A relative frequency distribution c. A
histogram d. An ogive e. Comment on what the data indicate about personal computer usage at
home.
The majority of people (about 75%) spend less than 7 hours per week using their computers and
only 4 percent of people use their computers between 12.7 and 15.7 hours a week.
|Hours |Freq. |Relative |
| | |Freq. |
|0.7–3.69 |12 |0.24 |
|3.7–6.69 |25 |0.5 |

Statistic Study Notes Wgu (Selected Chapters) Essay
Using Research and Statistics in Health Care *14 this topic addresses the following learning
objectives: * Explain the role of research in developing knowledge for use in health care evidence–
based practice situations. * Identify several ways that research can influence healthcare policy. *
Identify peer–reviewed healthcare research articles. * Differentiate between descriptive and
inferential research questions in a peer–reviewed article on healthcare research. * Identify the
problem statement/purpose/aim in a peer–reviewed article on healthcare research. * Identify the
theoretical or conceptual framework used in a peer–reviewed article on healthcare research. *
Differentiate between Anderson's model of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Theory of Planned Behavior A theory often used in the research of individual health behavior and
behavioral intentions is the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991). According to this theory, the
performance of any behavior depends on behavioral intention. Behavioral intention is viewed as
being dependent on behavioral beliefs (e.g., attitude towards the behavior), normative beliefs, and
control beliefs. Normative beliefs are beliefs about the expectations of others, and control beliefs are
beliefs about the factors that may help or hinder the performance of the behavior. The framework for
the study of physical activity discussed earlier by Armitage (2005) is based on this theory. That
study found that behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, and control beliefs all contribute to physical
activity behavior. Organizing, Displaying, and Describing Data *10 This topic addresses the
following learning objectives: * Explain the nature, purpose, and types of statistics available for
analyzing healthcare–related data. * Define mathematical symbols commonly used in healthcare

Holt's Case Study
2. How does the class's average TRC for each gender compare with Holt's (1952) data? –The
average number of TRC for males in my class is around 129, for female it is 102. For Holt's data the
average for males is around 200 and for females is slightly under 200. It's a difference in numbers,
but in every other detail it is fairly similar. 3. How does your personal TRC compare with the class
average and Holt's (1952) data? –The data are similar in the way they are set up. However, Holt
separated the females and males, Holt also determined exactly which finger was being counted and
Holt is very much specific in the data collected. 4. Why are the classroom averages different (they
likely are...) from Holt's (1952) data? What could explain the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In what ways does Mendelian genetics differ from polygenic inheritance? –Mendelian genetics
differs from polygenic inheritance because one trait is controlled by one gene in specific. There is
also a dominant and a recessive. In polygenic inheritance one trait may be controlled by two or more
genes. 6. In what ways are the two models of inheritance the same? –The many genes that are
controlling a polygenic trait are all inherited by Mendelian genetics. While the genes individually
contain Mendelian inheritance, the trait itself does not because a vast amount of genes are involved
in making it specific. 7. Unfortunately, the χ2 test is mathematically unsuitable for use with
averages. What statistical test could we use to determine if our average TRC is really the same as
Holt's (1952) data? In order to compare our average TRC to that of Holt's (1952), we can use a t–
test. In Holt's experiment she is comparing the frequency of the total ridge–count between males and
females. The Chi–Square cannot be used on this data set because a Chi–Square test could only work
when there is a significant difference between what is expected and what is observe. It would not
work on the values use on the two averages on males and

Assignment 1
BA 578 Assignment–Sol– due by Midnight (11:59pm) Monday, Sept 15th, 2014(Chapters 1, 2, 3
and 4): Total 75 points
True/False (One point each)
Chapter 11. An example of a quantitative variable is the telephone number of an individual. FALSE
2. An example of a interval scale variable is the make of a car. FALSE
3. Credit score is an example of an interval scale variable. TRUE There is no intrinsic Zero. An
arbitrary minimum is established. Therefore, it is an interval scale variable.
4. The number of people eating at a local café between noon and 2:00 p.m. is an example of a
discrete variable. TRUE
Chapter25. When establishing the classes for a frequency table it is generally agreed that the more
classes you use the better your ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
6. If there are 80 values in a data set, how many classes should be created for a frequency
histogram? A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 7E. 8
Just apply the 2k rule for question 8.
7. Consider the following frequency distribution from Excel. What is the missing value?
BinFrequencyCumulative %
58414.00%
1774.464.00%
2964.8480.00%
4155.2392.00%
5345.6196.00%
More1100.00%
4
10
12
15
20
Chapter 38. In a statistic class, 10 scores were randomly selected with the following results
obtained: 75, 74, 77, 77, 71, 70, 65, 78, 67, and 66. What is the Standard deviation? A. 21.40B.
23.78C. 4.88D. 4.63E. 214.00
X X – (X–bar) (X–Xbar)2
75 3 9
74 2 4
77 5 25
77 5 25

71 –1 1
70 –2 4
65 –7 49
78 6 36
67 –5 25
66 –6 36
720 0 214 s2x = 214 / (10 – 1) = 23.78 sx = √23.78 = 4.88
9. According to a survey of the top 10 employers in a major city in the Midwest, a worker spends an
average of 413 minutes a day on the job. Suppose the standard deviation is 26.8 minutes and the
time spent is approximately a normal distribution. What are the times that approximately 95.45% of
all workers will fall? A. [387.5 438.5]B. [386.2 439.8]C. [372.8 453.2]D. [359.4 466.6]E. [332.6
493.4]
10. When using the Chebyshev 's theorem to obtain the bounds for a 99.73 percent of the values in a
population, the interval generally will be ___________ the interval obtained for the same percentage

Do Supplemental Software And Technology Help English As A...
The research question the group asks is, "Do supplemental software and technologies help English
as a Second Language (ESL) and English Language Learner (ELL) students in both short and long
term ways?" Our target population for this study is college students that are ELLs. Finding
participants is one part of the study, but since we are researching students on a college campus they
will have to be at least 18 to 30 years old to participate in the study. UMKC has a very large and
diverse campus; we will reach out to the Applied Language Institute (ALI) students through a class
survey. We decided that college would be a better population to start out with because it provides
many social opportunities. We are looking for a population that will provide us with direct feedback
from the trial. Students in college will know how they learn and be able to explain how technology
either helped them or hurt them while learning. Having students participate on campus also ensures
that they have access to internet and WiFi. We are aware that there are many limitations that face
college students, but there are also benefits to choosing students in college.
Sample
The participants in the study range from 18 to 30 years old. We did not specify what year we are
looking for in college. We just wanted to have adults participate. If there are students that do not fit
into the age range, they should be noted as younger and provide parental consent in order to ensure
that we will be able to

Testing Frequency Distributions ( 314 Words )
Testing Frequency Distributions (314 words)
Using the NCOVR_US_HOMICIDES data I investigated the distribution of female headed
households and family poverty to see if the data was normally distributed or not, this was the issue
that the research question and hypotheses focused on.
H1 Family poverty is skewed compared to a normal distribution
H2 Family poverty is not skewed compared to a normal distribution
The Chi–squared test has certain requirements in terms of the minimum expected population for
each category. The data did not meet these criteria, meaning that the chi–squared test in this
circumstance would be inappropriate. To avoid such issues, the nonparametric Kolmogorov–
Smirnov test was used in preference as it has less rigorous data requirements..
The positive skewness values for FP89 (1.285) indicate that the sample is positively skewed
compared to a normal (Gaussian) distribution, with a long right tail. The kurtosis value is 2.013,
compared to a normal distribution which would have a Kurtosis value of 0.00. Thus, the test has
indicated that the distribution of both samples is substantially more peaked than would be the case
for a normal sample distribution, this means that the null hypothesis should be rejected and thus that
family poverty is skewed compared to a normal distribution.
This is likely to be the case because family poverty is likely to reach a tipping point beyond which it
is unsustainable, possibly due to high values of poverty being deemed

Applications of Noise and Vibration Studies
Applications of Noise and Vibration Studies in all domains presented above have slight variation
depending on the structural architecture, working environment, economics and adherence to
regulations imposed by various authorities. In the domain of railway, Automobile and Aircraft
industry, both exterior noise (into the environment) and interior noise play an important role and are
strictly regulated by norms imposed by various government authorities. In the railway industry, in
addition environmental noise, big attention is being paid on studies on transmission and effect of
ground vibrations in many countries. Aircraft industry, on the other hand has its focus of study on
airframe noise which is transmitted to the environment surrounding the airports and are under strict
regulation by regulatory bodies in all countries. For ships, interior noise and noise transmitted
underwater has been the topic for research over past 40 decades. A brief review of applications of
noise and vibrations studies is presented in subsequent paragraphs. In the railway industry, the
studies are mainly focussed on the mechanism of generation and transmission and control measures
in respect of rolling noise at the wheel–rail contact and the aerodynamic noise. The dominant noise
from mainline railways is usually the rolling noise generated by the wheel and rail which is caused
by vibrations of the wheel and track structures, induced at the wheel rail contact point by vertical
irregularities in the

soci332 SPSS week1 Assignment Essays
SPSS ASSIGNMENT #1
Read chapters 1, 2, and be sure to go through the SPSS tutorial (or "run the tutorial").
Then, follow these guidelines.S3
To Enter Data:
1. Click on the Variable View tab in the lower left corner of the screen. In the first box under the
column Name, type the name you want to give the first variable (i.e., "SCORE1" – NOTE: there are
no spaces allowed in the variable name). The name of your variable can be up to eight characters (no
spaces a permitted by SPSS in the variable name). When you have completed this, use the down
arrow and the mouse to help you name the other variable (i.e., "SCORE2") in the data set. Do the
same for the last variable ("SCORE3")
2. Once the variable names have been entered, click on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The test that had the highest average was Test 2.
Which test had the smallest amount of variability?
The test that had the smallest amount of variability was Test 1
FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=HospitalSize InfectionRate /STATISTICS=STDDEV VARIANCE
RANGE MEAN MEDIAN MODE /ORDER=ANALYSIS.
Frequencies
Notes
Output

Analytical Tool
Analytical tool An analytical tool is something used to analyze or "take a closer look at" something.
It is normally a way to review the effectiveness of something. For example, Google offers a free
web analytics tool that is used by Web Masters to track visitors on a given site. It allows Web
Masters to see where visitors are coming from, how long they stay, what links they are reviewing,
etc. Analytic Tool help with Tracking and Reports! Data flow diagram –A data flow diagram (DFD)
is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information system, modeling its
process aspects. Often they are a preliminary step used to create an overview of the system which
can later be elaborated.[2]DFDs can also be used for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are a wide variety of ways to illustrate frequency distributions, including histograms, relative
frequency histograms, density histograms, and cumulative frequency distributions. Histograms show
the frequency of elements that occur within a certain range of values, while cumulative distributions
show the frequency of elements that occur below a certain value. Histograms Frequency Histogram
1. A graphical representation of a single dataset, tallied into classes. 2. Frequency defined as the
number of values that fall into each class. 3. Histogram consists of a series of rectangles whose
widths are defined by the limits of the classes, and whose heights are determined by the frequency in
each interval. 4. Histogram depicts many attributes of the data, including location, spread, and
symmetry. a. No rigid set of rules that determine the number of classes or class interval. b. Between
5 and 20 classes suitable for most datasets. c. Equal sized class widths are found by dividing the
range by the number of classes. d. Formal guide by which class intervals can be derived is the
formula: K = 1 + 3.3 * log n where K is the number of classes and n is the number of variables. 5.
Relative frequency defined as the fraction of times the value occurs, or the freuqency of value(s) ÷
number of observations in the set. 6. Relative frequencies usually of more interest than

Frequency Distributions
Frequency Distributions In the United States, annual income would have a more normal distribution
than age at time of death. This is due to the fact that more people are "in the middle" when it comes
to their income distribution, but the majority is on the upper end of the spectrum when it comes to
their age at the time they die. There will always be people who are very poor and people who are
very wealthy, but the largest demographic group lies in between those two extremes, at the top of the
curve. For those who study people who are dying and/or people who have died based on their age
ranges, the majority of people live past middle–age, which would be the top of the curve if one were
to overlay that curve onto the annual income chart. While there are some outliers and variances with
any chart or curve, it is still important to take a careful look at the way the curve is structured to get
accurate information (Bryc, 1995; Casella & Berger, 2001). The average age for death in the US
today is just under 80 for women and just over 75 for men, so the curve based on age is going to be
much different (and much further to the right at the top of the curve) than a curve that is based on
annual income (Bryc, 1995). One of the ways a person or a business can get information to plot on a
curve is to have sampling done. Sampling is a process by which a business would collect data and
use that data to determine whether it wanted to market to or reach out to a particular subset of

Server Downtime Case 2.1
Case 2.1 Server Downtime
As part of the first assignment, research and analysis of the downtime on a client's primary network
servers during the month of April must be done in order to further prepare a presentation to the
company's management.
Downtime refers to a period of time that a system fails to provide or perform its primary function.
The term is commonly applied to networks and servers. Server downtime, a period of time when the
server is unusable, is prevented by close monitoring and management of key server metrics. Server
downtime can result from several problems such as overloaded processors, rapidly expanding
memory usage, disk errors and many more. Through the study of this client's server downtime,
management and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The problem that arises most is memory errors, which happens 10 times out of the total 22. The
second utmost problem that arises is lockups, which occurred 6 times. Since the month of April has
4 weeks, Weekly virus scans occurred 4 times. Slow startup and manual restart occurred only once
per cause. The frequency distribution table can be used to construct a simple bar graph that
represents the data. The horizontal axis of the bar chart corresponds to the 5 problem experienced in
the frequency distribution table while the vertical axis corresponds to the frequency.
Following the frequency distribution and bar graph, further analysis must be done by using the last
set of data which is the downtime data. Downtime data is collected in minutes that vary from 10 to
60 minutes. Each occurrence out of the 22 has a certain number of downtime minutes. To make the
representations, explanations, calculations and analysis straightforward, the data is taken from the
April–Server Downtime table then separated into the 5 cause categories and calculate each
categories total downtime before creating representational graphs and charts.
Date Problem Experienced Downtime Minutes
01/04/06 Lockups 25
02/04/06 Lockups 35
05/04/06 Memory Errors 10
07/04/06 Lockups

Radio Waves Significantly Impact Our Lives as Forms of...
Radio waves, a form of electromagnetic radiation, have had a significant impact on our daily life
because of their use as a form of communication. Radio waves have long wavelengths and have low
energy photon particles. Because they have low energy photons, they have lower frequencies when
compared to other forms of electromagnetic radiation, such as x– rays that have a higher frequency
despite having short wavelengths. Today, radio waves are used as a method to transmit and receive
information. Technology that makes use of radio waves includes telephones, television and more
popularly known the radio, which picks up signals from a radio antenna that is equipped with a
resonator that filters the signals received and as its name implies it resonates only with radio waves
of a certain frequency; this allows people to listen to different sounds at different frequencies. Radio
waves can be emitted by objects in space, such as planets, while radio waves that occur on Earth can
come from lightning.
Because radio waves are an essential aspect of our lives astronomers have been studying radio
waves in space for a long time. While astronomers have been able to detect radio waves from within
the solar system and from within the Milky Way galaxy, they have not been able to detect radio
waves originating from distant galaxies until recently. The National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) has detected radio bursts that come from outside of our galaxy. This
discovery proved

A Method For Efficiency Enhancement And Size Miniaturization
A Method for Efficiency Enhancement and Size Miniaturization in the design of UWB Planar
Antennas
Laxman Pillalamarri
Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
Radio Frequency and Microwave Laboratory,
Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College (Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad),
Hyderabad, Telanagana–State, India.
Corresponding Author: laxmanpillalamarri85@gmail.com
Abstract
The printed antenna is one of the most preferred antenna structures for low cost and compact design
of wireless communication systems. In this paper we have investigated a new approach for
improving the radiation efficiency and performance of the antennas with the size miniaturization, in
particular we have simulated two types of UWB printed monopole antennas for proving this
approach with results: circular patch and Compact Miniaturized Semi–Circular patch UWB
monopole antennas and in detail investigation was presented on size miniaturization in order to
achieve very compactness and high radiation efficiency with out degradation of the functional
parameters and overall performance. Simple rectangular microstrip lines are used for feeding the
printed monopole antennas. This UWB monopole antenna designed works well for the whole UWB
frequency band 3.1–10.6GHz.
Key Words: UWB, Semicircular, Miniaturization printed monopole antennas, Microstrip lines.
I INTRODUCTION
Ultra–Wideband (UWB) commonly refers to signal or system that

The Noise Of Sound Waves Through Instruments And How The...
Introduction
Music takes up a large part of our lives, most people listen to it almost every day. It is one of the
only medians between People from completely different walks of life, connecting us all through
major symphonies or just beautifully simple chords. Though many people enjoy the emotion filled
sound that travel to their eardrums, most do not know exactly why. People also do not know why
they dislike some musical sounds. I am very curious as to why there are melodies considered good
or bad. Just as most people, I listen to music on the daily basis. I am also invested in learning how to
play the electric guitar which influences my interest in this topic greatly. I want to find out why
exactly different chords are considered either harmonic or discordant by looking into the consonance
and dissonance in music. In my research on this topic, I will focus mainly on the emission of sound
waves through instruments and how the notes come together. Sound travels as a transverse wave
which means it takes the same shape as sine waves, in mathematics. These waves are used to
produce different volume, frequencies, and timbre in instruments. In music, sound waves have
different frequencies which change the in pitch of notes, and different amplitudes, which change the
volume of notes.
Since I will be focusing on the changing of frequencies in notes, I will represent these changes by
modeling different chords, and notes by using sine waves. This will allow me to demonstrate how

A Look At The Sound Of Music
A Look at the Sound of Music As a college student, I have seen innumerable people walking by with
their headphones in, using music to block out the rest of the world. With the convenience of an
iPhone or other smart phone, listening to music has become so casual. With the press of a button,
voila! Miley Cyrus is at the tips of your fingertips. It's become so normalized that these same people
seldom think about the science behind that noise in your ear. A disturbance in space results in a
periodic wave which propagates through that space, usually transferring energy ("Introduction to
Waves"). This transfer of energy can be explained by the conservation of momentum and energy in
collisions. Momentum is never lost; kinetic energy may be lost. If kinetic energy is conserved, the
collision was elastic; if the kinetic energy was transferred, the collision was inelastic.
Momentum is a vector, defined as p=mv, where momentum equals mass times the velocity at which
the mass travels. The rate of change of momentum is that mass's net force, defined as ∑▒〖F=∆p/
∆t〗, where force is equal to change in momentum over a given time interval ("Lecture 12:
Momentum").
Mechanical energy is equal to the sum of kinetic (KE) and potential energy (PE), derived from the
law of conservation of energy, which states that the total energy of a closed system is conserved
(Tuckerman). Potential energy is energy that is associated with some force, and is thus dependent on
its initial position. Potential

Frequency Collection
Purpose: Introduction/background of problem
The purpose of this report is to provide our boss with an analysis of the age of customers to
determine what motivates their buying habits. The information that has been gathered suggests that
different age groups buys different products and for different reasons. In order to test this theory our
boss developed a survey that was sent out to 200 customers requesting their age and income levels.
A $25 gift card was established as an incentive for customers to complete the survey. This resulted
in 124 customers completing the survey and receiving a gift card toward their next purchase. The
customer information was compiled in a data list and then a frequency distribution histogram was
developed using ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I would recommend we use this age group as a starting point to gather more information and
determine what motivates them to purchase items. This information can be used to help determine
how and when items should be marketed according to age and income levels. I would recommend
that a strategy is developed that targets the 25 to 35–year–old age groups. This age group had a low
amount of purchases during this time frame. For this age group, I would recommend a strategy that
advertise on social media sites and possibly have a popular young star become a sponsor of the
product. Another age group with low sales is the 65 to 77–year group. This group has the least
amount of sales and depending on the product a combination of television and radio ads may
persuade these buyers to purchase

Study of Tractor Vibration and Ergonomic Design of Tractor...
A Report on
STUDY OF TRACTOR VIBRATION AND ERGONOMIC DESIGN OF TRACTOR SEAT FOR
OPERATORS COMFORT
INDEX
|Sr. No. |Content |Page No. |
|1 |Objectives |1 |
|2 |Introduction |2–4 |
|3 |Reviews |5–10 |
|4 |Vibration Studies |11–29 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Vibration transmission has been reported to cause back problems because of tissue failure or from
metabolic interference, or a combination of both.
Vibration occurs in all moving bodies and tractors are no exception. It results from the interaction of
the vehicle with the rough terrain and from the power source. The level of ride vibration on tractors
during normal operation frequently exceeds the internationally accepted levels. The analysis of the
ride vibration is a complex issue especially for off–road condition, as the vibration is in category of
multi–degree of system and cawed by many components, in the system. Operating speed, surface
conditions, wheel air pressure, tire cas stiffness, mounting mechanism of the seat, cab or body parts
cause infirnth variable outcome.
A considerable amount of time and energy has been spent in minimizing this vibration problem.
Suspended seats fitted to most tractors reduce the vertical component of vibration, but the levels are
still undesirably high and there is little potential for further improvement using this technique. A
further reduction in the vibration level may be obtained by introducing wheel suspension, but it
makes the system complicated and costly. Cab suspension is another method of

Molly's Candle Shop has several retail stores in the coastal areas of North and South Carolina. Many
of Molly's customers ask her to ship their purchases. The following chart shows the number of
packages shipped per day for the last 100 days. |
(a) | What is this chart called? | | | | Histogram |
(b) | What is the total number of frequencies? | | | | 90 |
(c) | What is the class interval? | | | | 5 |
(d) | What is the class frequency for the 0 to 5 class? | | | | 5 |
(e) | What is the relative frequency of the 0 up to 5 class? (Round your

Quantative Methods Statistics Assignment Essay example
Quantitative Methods Unit 1 Statistics Project
A Report Comparing Property Prices in Jesmond & Wallsend
Example of average property in Jesmond based on actual Mean of £302,809 (Right Move)
Average property in Wallsend based on actual Mean of £87,350 (Right Move)
1
Contents
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 Introduction Data Collection
Raw Data Calculations Tally/ Frequency Charts Bar Charts Pie Charts Cumulative Frequency Tables
Histogram Appropriate use of Measurements Discussion & Observations Comparisons Analysis
Conclusion Evaluation Bibliography 3 4 5–9 9 10–12 13 14–17 18–19 20 20 20–21 21 21–22 22 22
22–23i
2
1.0 Introduction My hypothesis is that property in Jesmond is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
esmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Wallsend Wallsend
Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend
Wallsend
3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
House House House House House House House House House House House House House House
House House House House House House House House House House House House House House
House House
285,000 265,000 150,000 395,00 399,950 365,000 499,950 350,000 369,950 400,000 720,000
635,000 850,000 469,950 425,000 375,000 485,950 145,000 115,000 129,950 142,950 94,950
120,000 100,000 149,950 150,000 159,950 199,950 229,950 134,950

7
Wallsend Wallsend Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
House House House House House House House House House House House House Flat Flat Flat
Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat Flat
154,950 109,950 159,950 225,000 175,000 249,950 150,000 219,950 69,950 495,000 84,950
199,950 57,000 74,950 89,950 50,000 69,950 68,950 75,950 85,000 59,000 85,000 185,000 180,000
235,000 170,000 245,000 199,950 155,000 175,000
8
Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Jesmond Wallsend Wallsend Wallsend
Wallsend

Thesis Statement On Underwater Communication
Introduction
Now–a–days Wireless communication is a part and parcel of our daily life. Underwater Wireless
Communications is one of them. Many researches have been done since last two decade and still
going on for getting more economy. The world's oceans, sea, river etc has grab the 2/3 part of this
earth. So, wireless information transmission underwater bears great significant.
Goal
Thesis Outline
There are 3 major part of this thesis given below:
First part consist background of underwater communication, various options of underwater
communication, underwater channel as most challenging channels.
The second part consist OFDM implementation for underwater communication including basic
principle of OFDM.
The third part consist the simulation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For wireless underwater communication, there are several means such as radio waves, optical waves
and acoustics.
Radio waves:
Radio wave has extra low frequency (30 Hz–300 Hz) and it works well to propagate any distance in
sea water. But, for its low frequency, it is needed high transmission power and large antennas.
Optical waves:
An optical wave for wireless communication has big advantage as it exceed 1 Giga bps. It can't
cross water boundary easily, suffers from severe absorption and scattering suspending particles and
planktons is significant Moderate link range (up to tens of meters).
Acoustics:
.As underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving message below
water but there are some main limitations and challenges like time variations of the channel,
available bandwidth (small), signal attenuation (strong), multi path propagation, under water
communication is difficult – especially for long distances.
Attenuation of Acoustic Propagation
Absorption is one of the draw backs for underwater acoustic channel caused by the water viscosity,
which depends on temperature and salinity (for larger frequencies), and the chemical composition of
the seawater (for

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