A seminar presentation on performance of turbochargers in engines. A minor/ major project presentation for B.Tech/MTech students. for more seminar presentations log on to www.mechieprojects.com
SAIF ALDIN ALI MADIN
سيف الدين علي ماضي
S96aif@gmail.com
Internal Combustion Engine | Ic engine
The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an oxidizer creates gases of high temperature and pressure, which are permitted to expand.
A seminar presentation on performance of turbochargers in engines. A minor/ major project presentation for B.Tech/MTech students. for more seminar presentations log on to www.mechieprojects.com
SAIF ALDIN ALI MADIN
سيف الدين علي ماضي
S96aif@gmail.com
Internal Combustion Engine | Ic engine
The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an oxidizer creates gases of high temperature and pressure, which are permitted to expand.
in this presentation , the different engine inefficiencies has been discussed including all sort of friction losses which affects the brake power of the engine. It includes volumetric efficiency, thermal efficiency, IMEP, BMEP, brake power etc.
Gas turbine is an important topic usually studied in mechanical engineering, aeronautical engineering, power plant engineering, electrical engineering, and some other related engineering branches. The gas turbine is an air breathing heat engine, said to be the heart of the power plant produces electric power, by burning of gas (or) liquid fuels along with fresh air. The fresh air performs two main functions in gas turbine. The fresh air acts as a cooling agent for various parts of the power plants and gives required amount of oxygen for combustion of fuel. Topics covered in the ppt
Gas Turbines: Simple gas turbine plant- Ideal cycle, closed cycle and open cycle for gas turbines Efficiency, work ratio and optimum pressure ratio for simple gas turbine cycle Parameters of performance- Actual cycle, regeneration, Inter-cooling and reheating. the topics covered are almost same in all the universities. some problems were discussed in each and concept to make them understand clearly.
Detailed Internship Report about RAJIV GANDHI COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT-NTPC LTD. Includes information about Thermodynamic Cycles, Combined Cycle, HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator), and various components of a Combined Cycle Power Plant.
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine. It has an upstream rotating compressor coupled toa downstream turbine, and a combustion chamber in-between. Energy is added to the gas stream in the combustor, where fuel is mixed with air and ignited. In the high-pressure environment of the combustor, combustion of the fuel increases the temperature. The products of the combustion are forced into the turbine section
Visit https://www.topicsforseminar.com to Download
It's a obviously great privilege,proud & honor as well that I instated a PPT on Piston Design & Analysis power presentation which was amazed so many people and hope u people also 'll be obliged & benefited.....................................My good wishes with ye always . Thank you.
Design and Manufacturing of Automobile Vehicle Safety with Pneumatic BumperShaikh Parvez
Design and Manufacturing of Automobile
Vehicle Safety with Pneumatic Bumper - In the design of an automobile, a most important task is to minimize the occurrence and
consequences of automobile accidents. Automotive safety can be improved by "active" as well
as "passive" measures. Active safety refers to technology which assists in the prevention of a
crash. Passive safety includes all components of the vehicle that help to reduce the
aggressiveness of the crash event. Crash protection priorities vary with the speed of the car
when crash occurs.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF LEAF SPRING BY USING COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR LIGHT VEHI...IAEME Publication
Reducing weight while increasing or maintaining strength of products is getting to be highly important research issue in this modern world. Composite materials are one of the material families which are attracting researchers and being solutions of such issue. In this paper we describe design and analysis of composite leaf spring. For this purpose, a rear leaf spring for MAHINDRA “MODEL-COMMANDER 650 DI” is considered.
in this presentation , the different engine inefficiencies has been discussed including all sort of friction losses which affects the brake power of the engine. It includes volumetric efficiency, thermal efficiency, IMEP, BMEP, brake power etc.
Gas turbine is an important topic usually studied in mechanical engineering, aeronautical engineering, power plant engineering, electrical engineering, and some other related engineering branches. The gas turbine is an air breathing heat engine, said to be the heart of the power plant produces electric power, by burning of gas (or) liquid fuels along with fresh air. The fresh air performs two main functions in gas turbine. The fresh air acts as a cooling agent for various parts of the power plants and gives required amount of oxygen for combustion of fuel. Topics covered in the ppt
Gas Turbines: Simple gas turbine plant- Ideal cycle, closed cycle and open cycle for gas turbines Efficiency, work ratio and optimum pressure ratio for simple gas turbine cycle Parameters of performance- Actual cycle, regeneration, Inter-cooling and reheating. the topics covered are almost same in all the universities. some problems were discussed in each and concept to make them understand clearly.
Detailed Internship Report about RAJIV GANDHI COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT-NTPC LTD. Includes information about Thermodynamic Cycles, Combined Cycle, HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator), and various components of a Combined Cycle Power Plant.
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine. It has an upstream rotating compressor coupled toa downstream turbine, and a combustion chamber in-between. Energy is added to the gas stream in the combustor, where fuel is mixed with air and ignited. In the high-pressure environment of the combustor, combustion of the fuel increases the temperature. The products of the combustion are forced into the turbine section
Visit https://www.topicsforseminar.com to Download
It's a obviously great privilege,proud & honor as well that I instated a PPT on Piston Design & Analysis power presentation which was amazed so many people and hope u people also 'll be obliged & benefited.....................................My good wishes with ye always . Thank you.
Design and Manufacturing of Automobile Vehicle Safety with Pneumatic BumperShaikh Parvez
Design and Manufacturing of Automobile
Vehicle Safety with Pneumatic Bumper - In the design of an automobile, a most important task is to minimize the occurrence and
consequences of automobile accidents. Automotive safety can be improved by "active" as well
as "passive" measures. Active safety refers to technology which assists in the prevention of a
crash. Passive safety includes all components of the vehicle that help to reduce the
aggressiveness of the crash event. Crash protection priorities vary with the speed of the car
when crash occurs.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF LEAF SPRING BY USING COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR LIGHT VEHI...IAEME Publication
Reducing weight while increasing or maintaining strength of products is getting to be highly important research issue in this modern world. Composite materials are one of the material families which are attracting researchers and being solutions of such issue. In this paper we describe design and analysis of composite leaf spring. For this purpose, a rear leaf spring for MAHINDRA “MODEL-COMMANDER 650 DI” is considered.
Analysis of Glass Epoxy Reinforced Monolithic Leaf SpringIJMER
The automobile industry has been showing an interest in the replacement of steel
spring with fiberglass composite leaf spring because of its high strength to weight ratio.
Therefore the aim of this paper is to design and analyze composite mono leaf spring of
constant width and thickness having the same bending stiffness of semi-elliptical laminated
leaf spring. Stress analysis was done by using analytical method and results obtained by
analytical methods are compared with ansys. The results obtained by analytical methods
showed good agreement with ansys results. A Tsai-Hill failure criterion was used to check
whether stresses are within reasonable levels for each ply. The stresses induced in the
composite leaf springs were found to be 33.79% less compared to steel leaf spring. When
steel leaf spring is replaced by composite leaf spring a weight reduction of 77.29% is
obtained , 2.23 times higher natural frequency, 1.371 times more strain energy storage
capacity, 33.79 % lesser stress and lesser value of spring rate is obtained in the composite
leaf spring compared to steel leaf spring.
How to Make an Invigorating Spring Leaf NecklaceHouseofGems.com
How to make an Invigorating Spring Leaf Necklace
Materials:
9,85" of 20 gauge wire
glass bead - size 6mm
copper bead - size 4mm
Tools:
round nose pliers
wire cutters
Step 1. Take the copper wire and bend it in half creating "sharp" angle, then shape a leaf from the wire as it is shown on the photos ( photo 1-2).
Step 2. Bend wire as it is pictured on the photo (photo 3).
Step 3. Create another "sharp angle" for smaller leaf. After that, shape small leaf on one side of the bigger leaf. I've used just my fingers to create such smooth "oval" shape. Repeat this step, creating second small leaf at the other side of the big leaf. (photo 4-7).
Step 4. Put beads onto both wires, then trim one wire. (photo 8-9)
Step 5. Create final, closed loop, trim wire which is left. Now just attache the chain, your necklace is ready to wear! (photo 10-12).
Saskia Monsma gaf een gastcollege bij de HAN in het kader van de opleiding Master of Control Systems Engineering.
De video van het college is hier te bekijken:
http://www.hansonexperience.com/my_weblog/2009/05/liveblog_master_of_control_systems_engineering.html
Traction control basically reduces the slip of the tires on icy surfaces when the car begins to accelerate and prevents wheels to spin. It uses a part of anti-lock braking system (ABS). There are certain indications which warn you to activate and deactivate traction control. While on snow, you should follow some warning signs and drive accordingly.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Optimization of Multi Leaf Spring by using Design of Experiments & Simulated ...IJMER
This work carried out on a multi leaf spring of a tractor trolley with maximum load
carrying capacity of 5 Tones. The CAD model of this MLS has been modeled in CATIA V5. After
successfully preparing the CAD model, MLS is then tested in Static Structural Analysis workbench for
stress and deflection computations. The finite element analysis of the leaf spring has been performed by
converting the model into number of nodes and elements and then applying the relevant boundary
conditions under the static loading conditions. After implementation of FEA it was observed that the red
area close to shackle was undergoing maximum value of stress. This observation leads us to the
workbench of Knowledge ware and this aided us in studying the response of crucial output parameters of
MLS in the form of Stress and Deflection via Design of experiments. DOE paved the way for SAA where
optimization was carried out in order to reach the minimal stress. The corresponding values of camber
and leaf span were recorded for minimal stress
Probabilistic Design of Helical Coil Spring for Longitudinal Invariance by Us...IJERA Editor
The study represents new approach to design helical coil spring. Response surface modeling and analysis of open coiled helical spring by considering longitudinal and invariance have been carried out. Design parameters are wire diameter, spring diameter, height, number of turns elastic modulus in X and Z direction, poissions ratio, force. Simple equations is proposed which gives value of compressive stress of helical coil spring by carrying out regression analysis. It is observed that force and material property are significant parameters which affect compressive stress because their P value is 1. Relationship among design parameters and compressive stress has been obtained.
Effect of lamination angle on maximum deflection of simply supported composit...RAVI KUMAR
In this project a composite laminated beam is studied with glass-epoxy and graphite-epoxy combination. The beam is composed of four layers of different combination of composite material (glass epoxy and graphite epoxy composite). The beam is simply supported at both the ends and is subjected to uniformly distributed load along the length. Transverse deflection is computed for different lamination angle (0^0-〖90〗^0) by using Euler- Bernoulli’s theory (or CLPT). Maximum transverse deflection analysis is carried out using derived analytical expressions. The research carried out in this project will enable to determine the beam strength due to bending loads. The importance of fibre reinforcement in the manufacturing of the beam is studied in terms of bending strength of the beam. MATLAB codes are generated to implement analytical expiations of the composite beam.
The main objective of the paper is to find out the lamination angle at which minimum deflection is obtained & to find out the effect of lamination angle on maximum transverse deflection of the beam.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Static and Dynamic analysis of a composite leaf spring
1. STATIC AND DYNAMIC FEA ANALYSIS
OF A COMPOSITE LEAF SPRING
By
Himanshu Arun Raut
Thesis Advisor: Dr. Andrey Beyle
Thesis Defense Committee
Dr. Wen Chan, Dr. Kent Lawrence
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
3. • Leaf springs function by absorbing the normal forces and vibration impacts due to
road irregularities by means of the leaf deflection and stored in the form of strain
energy for a short period of time and then dissipated.
• Steel leaf springs along with other alloys such as 55Si2Mn90 and similar type of cold
rolled steels have been used. Composites have been a suitable replacement for such
materials sue to several reasons.
• Firstly, Composites have a better elastic strain energy storage capacity
• Composites also have a high strength to weight ratio
• In addition to this composite leaf springs prevent sagging as in the case of steel leaf
springs which tend to make the ride more bumpy.
Introduction
5. • The objective of this study is to analyze the composite leaf spring structure that is
being manufactured by the industry for Chevrolet Corvette Grand model. The leaf
spring is made up of reinforced fiberglass epoxy.
• The composite leaf spring was designed to withstand forces incurred by weight of the
car(1500 Kgs=3300lbs. approx.) along with other external loads up to a certain limit.
• It was suggested that the same leaf spring may be used to support commercial light
tractor trailer. It was observed that the leaf sprig was unable to perform optimally as it
did for the automobile for the same load operating conditions.
• Delamination and micro-cracks started to appear on the central region where the leaf
spring is clamped to the axel.
Motivation and Objective
6. Motivation and Objective(contd..)
• We aim to show the cause of failure for the composite leaf spring by the use of finite
element simulations and by means of analytical calculations.
• Alternative designs and compatible material changes have been suggested in the later
part of the sections.
9. Anisotropic material properties for composite are calculated by the following method
• Obtain the compliance matrix for the fiber and matrix C1 and C2
• Calculate for the two elements of compliances bij for the plane strain state for fiber and matrix.
• Calculate bulk moduli K23 for the fiber and matrix
• Calculate the effective elastic properties of the Unidirectional composite
• Substitute values of the effective elastic properties for the composite material in the compliance matrix
• Calculate the inverse of this compliance matrix
ν12
𝐸1
=
ν21
𝐸2
ν13
𝐸1
=
ν31
𝐸3
ν23
𝐸2
=
ν32
𝐸3
12. Analytical calculations
Calculations are performed under the following assumptions
1. The leaf spring is a part of a circular ring and possesses symmetry
2. The leaf spring is made up of linier anisotropic material and the pole is located at the center
of the two circles
3. The angle between the applied force and the transversal axis is 0°
4. Bending of the linearly anisotropic curved beam occurs due to the application of end force
which is applied at the center of the cross section
Note: All calculations are performed on PTC Mathcad Prime 3.1. Please refer reference [8]
20. Boundary conditions and simulations
rot z = free
rot x, y=0
x, y, z=0
rot z = free
rot x, y=0
x = free
y, z=0
A remote mass of 375 Kg is attached at the center of the bottom face to promote forced
vibrations.
Fig12. boundary conditions
21. Meshing has been done by using body sizing and by use of hex dominant method with element
type as all quad. Mid side element nodes are selected to KEPT. This generates a mesh with brick
elements particularly SOLID 186. SOLID186 is a higher order 3-D 20-node solid/brick element.
The middle mesh was generated using sphere of influence[3]
Fig13. Meshing for geometry Fig14. Meshing element reference [3]
26. Varying thickness model results fiberglass epoxy
Fig17.
(a) Model for thickness 22 mm (b) Model for thickness 18 mm
27. Varying thickness model results fiberglass epoxy
Fig18.
(a) Model for thickness 22 mm (b) Model for thickness 24 mm
28. • When the spring constant is low the effective force decreases thereby reducing the radial
and shear stresses
• Since k is proportional to the thickness, the reduction of the spring constant will mean
reducing the thickness of the leaf spring.
• This will result in increase in the tensile and compressive stresses on the top and bottom
faces of the leaf spring
• Here the objective is to compromise the thickness that moderates the level of
delamination stresses with tensile and compressive stresses in a safe level
29. • The reinforced fiberglass epoxy fails doe to delamination stress built up specifically in the mid
section
• The deflection due to dynamic loading induces tensile forces on the laminate layers.
• This results in tensile radial stress built up along with inter laminar shear stresses.
• The leaf spring model can be improved by changing the design as illustrated in the results
section.
• The thickness of the leaf spring needs to be reduced in order to minimize the delamination
stresses (σr)max
Conclusion
30. 2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
1.02 1.021 1.022 1.023 1.024 1.025 1.026 1.027
(σr)max(Mpa)
b/a
DELAMINATION STRESS(σr)max
Fig19. Delamination stresses (σr)max as a function of b/a for β=3.568
Reference [2]
31. • Experimental study can be performed for the same model to validate the result using 3 point
and 4 point bend set up
• Eye end design can be studied to reduce the chances of local delamination due to
concentration of interlaminar shear stress.[@]
• Hybrid composites can be used as study material for heavy axel loadings
Future Work
Reference [4]
Fig20.
32. Acknowledgement
• I would like to thank Dr. Andrey Beyle for his inspiring guidance, encouragement and for
investing his valuable time in mentoring me.
• I would also like to thank the committee members who are present here for giving their valuable
time and opinion.
• In the end I would like to thank my colleagues and friends who help me along the way
33. References
1. Lekhnitskii, S.G.; Tsai, S.W.; and Cherom, T.: Anisotropic plates. Gordon and Breach Science
Publishers, New York, 1968
2. ANSYS Documentation > Mechanical APDL > Element Reference > I. Element Library >
SOLID 186
3. William L. Ko, T.: Delamination Stresses in Semicircular Laminated Composite Bars Jan 1988
NASA
4. Shokrieh MM, Rezaei D. Analysis and Optimisation of composite leaf springs. Comp Struct
2003;60:317-25