This document presents a project report on designing and building a working model of a Stirling engine. It includes sections on the abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, setup and preparation, and conclusion. The introduction provides a brief history of the Stirling engine and its different types. The methodology section explains the Stirling thermodynamic cycle and calculations for cycle efficiency. The setup and preparation section details the fabrication and assembly of engine components like the cylinder, piston, displacer, and flywheel. The conclusion recognizes areas for further improvement, such as addressing friction and leakage issues to increase useful work output.

1. A PROJECT REPORT ON
“WORKING MODEL OF STIRLING ENGINE”
SUBMITED BY :
VISHAL V. PATEL (110750119018)
HARSHAD B. PATEL (110750119001)
RITESH V. PATEL (110750119024)
PIYUSH J. PATEL (110750119026)
GUIDED BY
UMANG R. PATEL
SHANKERSINH VAGHELA BAPU INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY

2. CONTENTS
 ABSTRACT……………………………………..1
 INTRODUCTION………………………………3
 LITERATURE REVIEW………………………6
 METHODOLOGY……………………………...10
 SETUPAND PREPARATION………………....14
 CONCLUSION………………………………….24

3. ABSTRACT
1

4. ABSTRACT
Worldwide attempts are being made to increase
the use of our renewable energy sources as well as to use our
current fossil fuel energy sources more efficiently. Waste heat
recovery forms a substantial part of the latter and is the focus
of this project.
The aim of this project was to design, build, and
review of Stirling engine capable of generating power. This
project provided a great opportunity to gain experience with
mechanical design, manufacturing, and the fundamentals of
Stirling engines.
We applied our knowledge of thermodynamics
to the design of the engine, and developed formulas to predict
its power output at different temperature differentials.
2

5. INTRODUCTION
3

6. HISTORY
The Stirling Engine is one
of the hot air engines. It was
invented by Robert Stirling
(1790-1878) and his brother
James. His father was interesting
in engine and he inherited it. He
became a minister of the church at
Scotland in 1816. At this period,
he found the steam engines are
dangerous for the workers. He
decided to improve the design of
an existing air engine. He hope it
wound be safer alternative.
Robert Stirling
Earlier Stirling Engine 4

7. DIFFERENT TYPES
Alpha Stirling Engine Gamma Stirling Engine
Beta Stirling Engine
5

8. LITERATURE REVIEW
6

9.  Author: DaWei Tanga, Zhigang Lia 20 July 2011
 Title : Development and test of a Stirling
engine driven by waste gases for the
micro-CHP system.
 Remark : The test results confirm the fact that
Stirling engines driven by mid-high
temperature waste gases are able to
achieve a valuable output power for
engineering application.
7

10.  Author: Halit Karabuluta, Hüseyin Serdar 30
October 2007
 Title : An experimental study on the development of
b-type Stirling engine for low and moderate
temperature heat sources
 Remark : Experimental results presented in this paper
were obtained by testing the engine with air
as working fluid. The hot end of the
displacer cylinder was heated with a LPG
flame and kept about 200 C constant
temperature throughout the testing period.
8

11.  Author: Chin-Hsiang Cheng 6 April 2010
 Title Dynamic simulation of a beta-type Stirling engine
with cam-drive mechanism via the combination of
the thermodynamic and dynamic models.
 Remark . An extensive parametric study of the effects
of different operating and geometrical
parameters has been performed, and results
regarding the effects of mass moment of
inertia of the flywheel, initial rotational
speed, initial charged pressure, phase angle,
gap size, displacer length, and piston stroke are
investigated.
9

12. METHODOLOGY
10

13. STIRLING CYCLE
 1-2: constant volume
process
 2-3: isothermal
expansion process
 3-4: constant volume
process
 4-1: isothermal
compression process P-V diagram
11

14. CYCLE EFFICIENCY
 Net work, Wnet = Wexp + Wcomp
 Net work, Qtotal = Qheat + Qexp
Recovered mechanical energy :
 Wnet = Wexp + Wcomp
 Wnet = ∫exp PdV + ∫comp PdV (P = nRT / V)
 Wnet = ∫exp (nRTmax / V) dV+ ∫comp (nRTmin / V) dV
 Wnet = nR (Tmax - Tmin) ln (Vmax / Vmin)
12

15. Provided heat :
Qexp = ∫exp PdV
Qexp = nR Tmax ln(Vmax / Vmin )
Qheat = nCv (Tmax - Tmin)
Qtotal = nCv (Tmax - Tmin) + nR Tmax ln (Vmax / Vmin)
Cycle efficiency :
η = [R (Tmax - Tmin) ln (Vmax / Vmin)] / [Cv (Tmax - Tmin) + R Tmax ln
(Vmax / Vmin)]
13

16. SETUP AND PREPARATION
14

17. ASSEMBLY DRAWING
15
: Assembly drawing

18. FABRICATION DRAWING
16Cylinder fabrication drawing

19. 17
Clamp fabrication drawing
Crank wheel

20. FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLY
 Cylinder
 Material: Steel
 Manufacturing
process: Turning in
CNC Machine and Facing
in lath machine.
 Importance : The piston
and displace work base
on this portion. Another
parts are also attached to
this part.
18Cool Size Chamber

21.  Fly Wheel :-
 Material: Plastic
 Importance : Provide
potation energy during no
load stock.
 Support Stud
 Material: Brass
 Importance :
 Cylinder, flywheel,
bearing all are
mounting using this
stud provide rigidity.
19
Fly Wheel Pivot Mount

22. PISTON, DISPLACER, GLASS CYLINDER
 Material: Aluminum
alloy and Glass
 Manufacturing
process : Using CNC
20
Hot Size Chamber
Piston
Displacer

23.  Assembly Section View  Disassembly
21Assembly Section View Assembly Section View

24. 3-D MODEL OF STIRLING ENGINE :
223D model of Actual machine

25. FABRICATION ASSEMBLY:
23
Stirling Engine

26. CONCLUSION
24

27.  The lack of pressurization may also be an opportunity
to improve the engine. Most successful Stirling
engines in our research were pressurized to some
extent. Currently there are leakage issues on the hot
side preventing pressurization, and more may become
apparent as pressure is increased
 Several problems remain to be addressed within the
engine. First among them is the overall lack of useful
work output by the engine. Most of the work is being
absorbed by the friction of the crankshaft and piston
linkages, and possibly by inferior bearings. Further
inspection of the compressor block is recommended to
isolate and rectify these problems.
25

28. REFERENCES
 [1] Institute of Engineering Thermo physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 11, BeiSiHuanXi Road, Beijing
100190, China Beijing ShiYanTianQiang Technology ompany,
Beijing 100076, Chin Received 20 July 2011
 [2] Department of Mechanical Technology, Faculty of
Technical Education, Gazi University, 06500 Teknikokullar,
Ankara, Turkey,( Received 30 October 2007)
 [3] Department of Mechanical Technology, Faculty of
Technical Education, Gazi University, Besevler, 06500,
Ankara, Turkey Received 16 July 2007,
 [4]. Wikipedia free encyclopedia. Stirling engine,
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/stirlin-engine, (02/18/2009)
 [5] stirling cycle efficiency
http://www.robertstirlingengine.com/alpha_uk.php
26

29. THANK YOU
27