The document outlines infection control measures, emphasizing standard precautions such as hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and management of infectious waste. It highlights the chain of infection and methods to reduce transmission, including proper use of sharps safety devices and respiratory hygiene. Overall, it underscores the importance of applying these precautions universally to all patients and situations to prevent the spread of infectious agents.

1. Precautions for infection control measuresDone by members of group 18

2. TopicsChain of infectionStandard precautionsHand hygieneinfectious waste managementsharps safety devicesPPErespiratory hygiene/cough etiquette

3. Agent↓Reservoir↓Portal of exit↓Mode of transmission↓Portal of entry↓Susceptible hostChain of Infection

4. Route of transmissionPort Quantity ofpathogenVirulenceChain of Infection+Sensitivehost

5. infection control precautionsStandard precautions

6. Basic precautions used to reduce transmission of all infectious agents from one person to another

7. Should be applied for ALL patients

8. Transmission-based precautions

9. Contact

10. Droplet

11. AirborneStandard precautions Method of infection control that uses work practices, engineering controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE) to reduce or eliminate exposure to infectious agents.

12. Standard precautions1) Work practiceshand hygiene

13. no eating, drinking in areas with risk of transmission

14. no re-capping of used needles2) Engineering controlssafety devices on sharp medical devices

15. sharps containers

16. hand washing facilitiesStandard precautionsPPEused as last resort when exposure has not been eliminated by work practices and engineering controls

17. provides protection to skin, clothing, nose, mouth, eyes

18. examples: gowns, gloves, goggles, masksStandard precautionsconsiders all person potentially infectiousapplies to all individuals, regardless of presence/type of symptomsused against exposure to blood, all body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), mucous membranes, non-intact skin

19. Standard precautionshand hygieneinfectious waste managementsharps safety devicesPPErespiratory hygiene/cough etiquette

20. Hand hygiene

21. Hand hygieneTypes:-

22. sinks, soap, paper towels available in convenient locations

23. alcohol gel in convenient locations for staffHand hygieneWash hands:before and after client contactafter removing gloves and other PPEafter contact with contaminated surfaces and items, specimens, even when gloves are wornbefore eating or drinkingafter using restroomafter coughing, sneezing, blowing nose

24. Procedure ofhand washing By water and soap

26. Infectious waste management

27. Infectious waste managementsharps containerspuncture resistant leak-proof, closablelabeled with biohazard symbol or reddo not overfill

28. Infectious waste managementbiohazard bags

29. for disposal of items with blood, body fluids that are

30. pourable

31. dripable

32. squeezable

33. flakableSharps safety devices

34. Sharps safety devicesNeedle stick Safety and Prevention ActAvoid the use of needles where safe alternatives are availableNever shear, break, bend, or recap a needle

35. Sharps safety devicesNeedle stick Safety and Prevention ActDispose needle and sharps in proper container Never reach into or overfill a sharp container

36. Sharps safety devicesNeedle stick Safety and Prevention ActDirect the sharp end away from yourself and othersUse safety needles

37. Sharps safety devicesSelf-Sheathing Safety Feature: Sliding needle shields attached to disposable syringes and vacuum tube holders

38. Sharps safety devicesAdd-on Safety Features:Hinged or sliding shields attached to phlebotomy needles, winged steel needles and blood gas needles