This document discusses log-structured file systems and their relevance to solid state drives (SSDs). It explains that the core assumption of log-structured file systems, that writes are expensive and reads are cheap, is true for the basic components of SSDs, NAND flash memory. Writes to flash must be done in large blocks while reads can occur in smaller granularities. The document also describes garbage collection in SSDs, how data becomes invalid as it is rewritten, and how the garbage collection process works to free up flash blocks.
In a computer, a file system (sometimes written filesystem) is the way in which files are named and where they are placed logically for storage and retrieval.
In a computer, a file system (sometimes written filesystem) is the way in which files are named and where they are placed logically for storage and retrieval.
Livro completo jose-afonso_da_silva_-_curso_de_direito_constitucional_positivoJoyciane Carvalho Borges
José Afonso da Silva é o constitucionalista que criou uma solução teórica para a não aplicação adequada dos direitos garantidos constitucionalmente em seu livro "APLICABILIDADE DAS NORMAS CONSTITUCIONAIS".
Overview of Mass Storage Structure
Disk Structure
Disk Attachment
Disk Scheduling
Disk Management
Swap-Space Management
RAID Structure
Disk Attachment
Stable-Storage Implementation
Tertiary Storage Devices
Operating System Issues
Performance Issues
Solid State Drives - Seminar Report for Semester 6 Computer Engineering - VIT...ravipbhat
This report is intended as a guide to emerging solid state storage technology, in particular, to the introduction of solid state drives.
Adding a solid-state drive (SSD) to your computer is simply the best upgrade at your disposal, capable of speeding up your computer in ways you hadn't thought possible. But as with any new technology, there's plenty to learn.
The consumer is no longer limited to just accepting pre-configured systems and, even when purchasing a system, should have an avenue to understand what purpose the storage device within serves as well as how it does what it does.
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device for your computer.
In everyday use, it provides the same functionality as a traditional hard disk drive (HDD)—the standard for computer storage for many years.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
3. www.vmcd.org
http://lwn.net/Articles/353411/
Surprisingly, log-structured file systems are more relevant than ever when it comes to SSDs. The
founding assumption of log-structured file systems - that reads are cheap and writes are
expensive - is emphatically true for the bare-metal building blocks of SSDs, NAND-based flash.
(For the rest of this article, "flash" refers to NAND-based flash and SSD refers to a NAND-based
flash device with a wear-leveling, write-gathering flash translation layer.) When it comes to flash,
reads may be done at small granularities - a few hundreds of bytes - but writes must be done in
large contiguous blocks - on the order of tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of bytes. A
write to flash takes two steps: First the entire block is cleared, setting all the bits to the same
value (usually 1, counter-intuitively). Second, individual bits in the block are flipped back to 0
until you get the block you wanted.
Garbage collection
• Data in a block becomes free as sectors within a block are
written.
– For example, block A contains sectors X, Y, and Z. When the
host writes X, the new location for X is in Block B. The
version of X in block A is now “stale” and represents free data
(i.e. garbage).
• Garbage Collection
– When the number of “Free” Flash Blocks reaches a low level,
blocks need to be freed.
• The block with the most free data is selected and any valid data
in the block is rewritten.
• Garbage Collection can occur concurrently with data being
written by the host.
• Synonymous with “Recycling”
In an HDD system, the Operating System (OS) can simply request that new data be written to the
same location where the older, now invalid data, is stored, and the HDD will directly overwrite
the old data. In an SSD, however, the page must first be erased before it can be written to
locations previously holding data the SSD cannot directly overwrite existing data as stated earlier.
The OS understands the files, their structure, and the logical locations where they are stored,
but does not understand the physical storage structure of the storage device. In any storage
system, the storage device doesn’t know the file structure it simply knows that there are bytes of
data written in specific sectors. The storage system, whether SSD or HDD, returns the data from
4. www.vmcd.org
physical locations when the OS asks for data in the corresponding logical locations.
When the OS deletes the file, it simply marks the space used for that data as free in its logical
data table. With HDDs, the OS does not need to tell the storage device anything about the
deletion because it would simply write something new into that same physical location in the
future. In the case of an SSD, it only becomes aware that the data is deleted (or invalid) when the
OS tries to write to that location again. At that time the SSD marks the old data as invalid and it
writes the new data to a new physical location. It may also perform GC at that same time, but
that varies between SSD architectures and other conditions at that moment.