The document discusses solid state drives (SSDs) and how they differ from traditional hard disk drives (HDDs). SSDs use solid state memory like NAND flash instead of spinning disks, so they have no moving parts. This makes SSDs faster, more durable, quieter, and more energy efficient than HDDs. However, SSDs currently have higher costs and lower storage capacities than HDDs. The document covers the history, components, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and performance comparisons of SSDs versus HDDs.

1. Solid state Drive
(SSD)

2. Contents
 Hard Disk Drive
 What is SSD?
 Development and History
 SSD Structure
 Memory
 Controller
 Advantage
 Disadvantage
 SSD Applications
 SSD vs. HDD
 Conclusion

3. Hard Disk Drive
 A hard disk drive (HDD is a data storage device used for storing and
retrieving digital information using one or more rigid ("hard") rapidly
rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material. The platters
are paired with magnetic heads arranged on a moving actuator arm,
which read and write data to the platter surfaces.
Platters
Spindle
Read Write Head
Platters
Tracks
Sectors

4. Hard Disk Drive

5. What is SSD?
 A solid-state drive(SSD) is a data storage device that uses solid state
memory to store persistent data. It is flash based storage device and
It uses same I/O interface developed for hard disk drives.
 SSDs do not have any moving mechanical components, which
distinguishes them from traditional magnetic disks such as hard
disk drives(HDDs).
 SSDs use microchips that retain data in non-volatile memory chips.
 SSD uses non volatile NAND Flash Memory , which enables it to
retain data when the power is removed.

6. Development and History of Storage Media
 Punch Cards (in 1940s).
 Magnetic Tapes/Drives (in 1950s).
 Hard Drives introduce by IBM in 1956. Improved in 1960.
 In 1995, M-Systems introduced flash-based solid-state drives. They
had the advantage of not requiring batteries to maintain the data in
the memory (required by the prior volatile memory systems), but
were not as fast as the DRAM-based.

7. SSD Structure

8. Memory
 Use non volatile NAND flash memory.
 Ability to retain the data without a constant power supply.
 Lower cost compared to DRAM.
 Flash memory SSDs are slower than DRAM solution.
 NAND Flash components come in densities from 1Gb to 64Gb per
chip.
 NAND Flash components have structures called pages and blocks.

9. Controller
 Flash controller includes the electronics that bridge the Flash memory
components to the SSD input/output interfaces.
 The controller is an embedded processor that executes firmware-level software.
 Every SSD includes a controller i.e. an embedded processor that executes
firmware-level code and is one of the most important factors of SSD performance.
Functions:
 Error Correction(ECC).
 Bad block mapping.
 Read disturb management.
 Read and write caching.
 Encryption.

10. Advantage
 High performance-Significantly faster than a standard HDD.
 Faster seek time-Up to 60x faster than HDD.
 Higher reliability-No moving parts.
 Lower power-Lesser power consumption, cooler operation.
 Silent Operation-Ideal for post production environments.
 Light weight-Perfect for portable devices.
 Wider Operating Temp.

11. SSDs are More Durable
Solid State Drives feature a non-mechanical
design of NAND flash mounted on circuit
boards, and are shock resistant up to
1500g/0.5ms. Hard Drives consist of various
moving parts making them susceptible to shock
and damage.
SSDs are Faster
SSDs can have 100 times greater
performance, almost instantaneous data
access, quicker boot ups, faster file transfers,
and an overall snappier computing
experience than hard drives. HDDs can only
access the data faster the closer it is from the
read write heads, while all parts of the SSD
can be accessed at once.
Features

12. SSDs Consume Less Power
SSDs use significantly less power at
peak load than hard drives, less than
2W vs. 6W for an HDD. Their energy
efficiency can deliver longer battery life
in notebooks, less power strain on
system, and a cooler computing
environment.
SSDs are Lighter
Flash-based SSDs weigh considerably less
than hard drives – only 77g vs. 752.5g for
HDDs. SSDs won't weigh down your
notebook when you're on the go or your
desktop when rearranging your office!

13. SSDs are Cooler
As an energy-efficient storage upgrade
for your desktop or laptop, SSDs require
very little power to operate that
translates into significantly less heat
output by your system.
SSDs are Quieter
With no moving parts, SSDs run at near
silent operation and never disturb your
computing experience during gaming or
movies, unlike loud, whirring hard disc
drives.

14. Disadvantage
 They are more expansive than traditional hard drives.
 They currently offer less storage space then traditional hard drives.
 Flash memory SSDs are slower than DRAM solution.

15. SSD Applications
 Desktop Computers
 Laptops
 Ultra books
 HD Camcorder, CCTV Digital Video Recorder (DVR)
 Smart TV
 Set Top Boxes
 Mobile Phones
 Servers - SSD are used as cache at server side of Enterprises.

16. SSD vs. HDD
Solid-State Drive Hard Disk Drive
Random access time 0.1 ms. Random access time 5-10 ms.
Read latency time very low. Read latency time high.
100MB/s to 500MB/s. 50MB/s to 100MB/s.
High Reliability. Low reliability.
SSDs have no moving parts to fail mechanically. HDDs have moving parts and are subject to
sudden failure.
Small and light weight. Relatively large and heavy.
Till now SSDs are available in size up to 2TB. Till now HDDs are available up to 4TB .
Power Consumption 2watts 6-12 watts.

17. SSD vs. HDD Boot time

18. Conclusion
 Faster Data Access
 Less Power Usage
 Higher Reliability
 Latest high-end Laptops and Ultra books now comes with SSD
 ”In coming years SSD will replace HDD”

19. References
 http://www.slideshare.com
 http://www.storagesearch.com/ssd-storage-glossary.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_%28electronics%29
 http://www.storagereview.com/reviews/consumer/ssd
 http://ocz.com/consumer/ssd-guide/ssd-vs-hdd