The document summarizes the major changes in Europe during the Early Modern period from around 1500. Religiously, the Reformation started as Martin Luther questioned the wealth and power of the Catholic church. Politically, kings asserted more control over their lands as the modern concept of nations emerged. Economically, agriculture remained important but industry and trade expanded, fueling exploration and the rise of empires. Socially, populations grew as urban cities developed and a middle class formed. Intellectually, science and philosophy challenged old beliefs while the spread of new ideas accelerated.

1. CHAPTER 1
THE MODERN AGE
Livin’ On A Prayer
By Bon Jovi

2. BY 1500, EUROPE WAS
EXPERIENCING PROFOUND
CHANGES.

People started to recognize the different
eras that have existed.
– Middle Ages – Knights, Lords, Vassals,
Peasants etc.
– Renaissance – education, art, literature,
science, (the Ninja Turtles)
–Early Modern Age – the time we are about to look
at.

3. RELIGIOUS CHANGES

THE REFORMATION – dissent had been
growing within the church.
– People felt the church had become too wealthy
and powerful.
– Martin Luther pushed to keep the church plain
and simple => Protestants.

4. POLITICAL CHANGES
-With people questioning the church, the
kings powers increased => Divine Right of
the King.
-The modern idea of a ‘nation’ began to
emerge.

5. ECONOMIC CHANGES
Agriculture was still the backbone but
industry started to increase.
 In many places serfs were no longer tied to
the land.
 Trade encouraged exploration and empires
emerged.


6. SOCIAL CHANGES
Improved agriculture meant less farmers
(consolidation), better crops, and as result, a
higher population,
 An increase in trade created a new Middle
Class of people.
 Rural life became replaced by an urban
lifestyle => cities emerged.


7. INTELLECTUAL CHANGES
Humanism – mode of thought in which
human interests predominate (the
church??).
 Science expanded, challenging several old
beliefs.

» Copernius/Galileo => the sun was center of universe
Inventions =>telescope, microscope, babytrot, exploration
 Literature, philosophers, and theatre.


8. THE DOMINO EFFECT
Trucks are
invented
New ideas spread
more quickly
New laws and
Regulations needed
People travel
more
More and better
roads are needed
Horses and wagons
No longer needed

9. CAUSE AND EFFECT
Martin Luther posts 95 Thesis
The Reformation
Trade expands exploration
Empires
Improved agriculture
Increased population
Renaissance
The Early Modern Age

10. Chapter 1 Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What actions did kings take to increase their power
and how did these actions affected people?
How did agriculture change during the
Renaissance?
What was humanism? How did it change the way
people looked at their role in the world?
How were ideas spread during this time?
Describe the work of 3 different scientists during
this time.