The document provides an overview of various musculoskeletal disorders and injuries organized into seven parts. Part 1 covers degenerative and metabolic bone disorders like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Part 2 discusses bone infections. Parts 3 and 4 address muscular and nerve disorders. Part 5 outlines spinal deformities. Part 6 examines foot disorders. Part 7 focuses on common sports injuries such as sprains, strains, and injuries to the knee.
Sports injury is very common and untreated most of the time if it is less. We dont have so much of knowledge about different types of injury and its remedy. Different sports has different injury impact of injury. We will discuss different types of Sports Injury and its prevention. We will also discuss about the sports field emergency and its management. There will be a details discussion on first-aid which shuld be known by the players, Coach and team managers. This Webinar will be helpful for those directly or indirectly associated with different types of Sports & Games.
Sports injury is very common and untreated most of the time if it is less. We dont have so much of knowledge about different types of injury and its remedy. Different sports has different injury impact of injury. We will discuss different types of Sports Injury and its prevention. We will also discuss about the sports field emergency and its management. There will be a details discussion on first-aid which shuld be known by the players, Coach and team managers. This Webinar will be helpful for those directly or indirectly associated with different types of Sports & Games.
Sports injuries and Physiotherapy management.pptxkajal sansoya
Sport injuries refer to kind of injury that occur to a player during sports or exercise.
In other words, the situation which occurs accidently during physical activity or when the player does not remain in the position of participating in the game or his physical ability decreases is also referred to sports injuries.
Direct injury is caused by an external blow or force.
Indirect injury caused by an internal force as over stretching a ligament in sudden change direction.
Overuse injury any repetitive activity can lead to overuse injury, can occur over a period of time, usually due to excessive and repetitive leading of the tissue, with symptoms presenting gradually
Muscle pull
Tennis elbow/ golfer’s elbow
Rotator cuff injury
Frozen shoulder
Tendonitis
Bursitis
Runner’s knee
Achilles tendonitis
Foot arch sprain
Pulled hamstrings
Plantar fascitis
Iliotibial band syndrome
Carpel tunnel syndrome
Lower back pain A contusion is another way to say bruise and is the bleeding in the brain due to localized trauma.
A concussion refers to more widespread brain trauma from a blow to the head or swift shaking
Laceration is the tearing of skin with a sharp object or by impact injury from a blunt object or force that results in an irregular wounds.Warm up and cool down
Stretching before and after activity
Cross –train activity
Dress right
Use proper technique
Improve posture
Avoiding DOMS( delayed onset muscle soreness)
Early-stage rehabilitation is gentle exercise allowing for the damaged tissue to heal. This stage is often rushed and will result in poor quality healing and will be prone to re-injury.
Mid-stage rehabilitation involves progressively loading the muscles/tendons/bones or ligaments to develop tensile strength producing a healed tissue that will be able to withstand the stresses and strains of everyday life and exercise.
Late – the final stage (late) of rehabilitation is where the tissue adapts and is stressed using functional exercises and drills to ensure the body is ready to return to play.
Pilates is a system of repetitive exercises performed on a yoga mat or other equipment to promote strength, stability, and flexibility. Pilates exercises develop the body through muscular effort that stems from the core. The technique cultivates awareness of the body to support everyday movements that are efficient and graceful.Centering
Concentration
Control
Precision
Breath
Flow
Taping is a form of strapping. It is the procedure that uses tape, attached to the skin, to physically keep in place muscle or bone at a certain position to reduce pain and aids recovery.
It is a form of partial immobilization of joint. which allow for a certain level of functional mobility.There are a number of different types of stretching exercises which can be done to improve flexibility. The most appropriate technique will depend on your specific aims and include:
Static stretching
Dynamic stretching
PNF
Ballistic stretching
Neural stretching
Dry needling
Cupping
Gait
SPORTS INJURIES
INTRODUCTION ABOUT SPORTS INJURIES
MEANING OR DEFINITION "SPORTS INJURIES"
CLASSIFICATION ON VARIOUS BASIS
CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES
PREVENTION OF SPORTS INJURIES
TREATMENT OF SPORTS INJURIES
REHABILITATION OF SPORTS INJURIES
PSYCHOLOGICAL BUILDUP AFTER INJURY
There are evidence in History of treatment by Passive stretching techniques.
Over past 30-40 years many therapists have worked to identify and learn the techniques which are are more suitable and effective for the patient’s problem.
Joint mobilisations and manipulations techniques are used to safely stretch or snap structures to restore normal joint mechanics with less trauma.
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
Sports injuries and Physiotherapy management.pptxkajal sansoya
Sport injuries refer to kind of injury that occur to a player during sports or exercise.
In other words, the situation which occurs accidently during physical activity or when the player does not remain in the position of participating in the game or his physical ability decreases is also referred to sports injuries.
Direct injury is caused by an external blow or force.
Indirect injury caused by an internal force as over stretching a ligament in sudden change direction.
Overuse injury any repetitive activity can lead to overuse injury, can occur over a period of time, usually due to excessive and repetitive leading of the tissue, with symptoms presenting gradually
Muscle pull
Tennis elbow/ golfer’s elbow
Rotator cuff injury
Frozen shoulder
Tendonitis
Bursitis
Runner’s knee
Achilles tendonitis
Foot arch sprain
Pulled hamstrings
Plantar fascitis
Iliotibial band syndrome
Carpel tunnel syndrome
Lower back pain A contusion is another way to say bruise and is the bleeding in the brain due to localized trauma.
A concussion refers to more widespread brain trauma from a blow to the head or swift shaking
Laceration is the tearing of skin with a sharp object or by impact injury from a blunt object or force that results in an irregular wounds.Warm up and cool down
Stretching before and after activity
Cross –train activity
Dress right
Use proper technique
Improve posture
Avoiding DOMS( delayed onset muscle soreness)
Early-stage rehabilitation is gentle exercise allowing for the damaged tissue to heal. This stage is often rushed and will result in poor quality healing and will be prone to re-injury.
Mid-stage rehabilitation involves progressively loading the muscles/tendons/bones or ligaments to develop tensile strength producing a healed tissue that will be able to withstand the stresses and strains of everyday life and exercise.
Late – the final stage (late) of rehabilitation is where the tissue adapts and is stressed using functional exercises and drills to ensure the body is ready to return to play.
Pilates is a system of repetitive exercises performed on a yoga mat or other equipment to promote strength, stability, and flexibility. Pilates exercises develop the body through muscular effort that stems from the core. The technique cultivates awareness of the body to support everyday movements that are efficient and graceful.Centering
Concentration
Control
Precision
Breath
Flow
Taping is a form of strapping. It is the procedure that uses tape, attached to the skin, to physically keep in place muscle or bone at a certain position to reduce pain and aids recovery.
It is a form of partial immobilization of joint. which allow for a certain level of functional mobility.There are a number of different types of stretching exercises which can be done to improve flexibility. The most appropriate technique will depend on your specific aims and include:
Static stretching
Dynamic stretching
PNF
Ballistic stretching
Neural stretching
Dry needling
Cupping
Gait
SPORTS INJURIES
INTRODUCTION ABOUT SPORTS INJURIES
MEANING OR DEFINITION "SPORTS INJURIES"
CLASSIFICATION ON VARIOUS BASIS
CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES
PREVENTION OF SPORTS INJURIES
TREATMENT OF SPORTS INJURIES
REHABILITATION OF SPORTS INJURIES
PSYCHOLOGICAL BUILDUP AFTER INJURY
There are evidence in History of treatment by Passive stretching techniques.
Over past 30-40 years many therapists have worked to identify and learn the techniques which are are more suitable and effective for the patient’s problem.
Joint mobilisations and manipulations techniques are used to safely stretch or snap structures to restore normal joint mechanics with less trauma.
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
According to experts, soft tissue injuries of the knee are the most common disorders presenting to the emergency department. Each year, more than 1 million emergency department visits and almost 2 million primary care visits occur due to acute knee pain.
Tendonitis details and it's physiotherapy management.
It is define as inflammation of the tendon, tendonitis occur due to overuse and trauma. Depending upon involvement of tendon special test are used. it is treated with PRICE protocol.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
1. Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN,MSN
Instructor
School of Nursing
Northern Luzon Adventist College
Artacho, Sison, Pangasinan
2. Overview
Part 1: Degenerative & Part 3: Muscular disorders
Metabolic bone disorders Muscular dystrophy
OA Rhabdomyolysis
Gout and gouty arthritis Part 4: Disorders of the
Osteoporosis hand
Paget’s dse Carpal tunnel syndrome
Osteomalacia Dupuytren’s contracture
Part 2: Bone infections Ganglion
Osteomyelitis
Septic arthritis
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 2
3. Overview
Part 5: Spinal column Corn
deformities Callus
Scoliosis Ingrown Nail
Kyphosis Hypertrophic Ungual Labium
Lordosis
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) Part 7: Sports Injuries
Sprain
Part 6 : Disorders of foot Strain
Hallux valgus (bunions) Tennis elbow
Morton’s neuroma (plantar Impingement and rotator cuff
neuroma) tears
Hammer toe Knee injuries (ACL injury,
Tarsal tunnel syndrome meniscal injury, overuse
syndrome)
Plantar Fasciitis
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 3
4. Sports Injuries
Sprain
Strain
Tennis elbow
Impingement and rotator cuff tears
Knee injuries (ACL injury, meniscal injury, overuse
syndrome)
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 4
6. Sprain
A sprain is a stretched or torn ligament.
Ligaments are tissues that connect bones at a joint. Falling, twisting, or getting
hit can all cause a sprain.
Ankle and wrist sprains are common. Symptoms include pain, swelling,
bruising and being unable to move your joint. You might feel a pop or tear
when the injury happens.
A strain is a stretched or torn muscle or tendon. Tendons are tissues that
connect muscle to bone. Twisting or pulling these tissues can cause a strain.
Strains can happen suddenly or develop over time. Back and hamstring muscle
strains are common. Many people get strains playing sports. Symptoms include
pain, muscle spasms, swelling and trouble moving the muscle.
At first, treatment of both sprains and strains usually involves resting the
injured area, icing it, wearing a bandage or device that compresses the area,
and medicines. Later treatment might include exercise and physical therapy.
NIH: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/sprai
nsandstrains.html
11. Ankle sprain
An ankle sprain is a common injury to the ankle.
The most common way the ankle is injured is when
the ankle is twisted inward (inversion injury).
With this injury, ligaments that support the ankle can
be torn which lead to swelling, inflammation, and
bruising around the ankle.
An ankle sprain injury may take a few weeks to many
months to fully heal.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/
imagepages/19577.htm
12. The most common way the ankle can be injured is by
an ankle sprain.
When an ankle is sprained ligaments on the ankle are
either stretched, partially torn or completely torn.
The most common type of sprain is an inversion
injury, where the foot is rotated inward.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/
presentations/100209_4.htm
13. 3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 13
14. Ankle sprains can range from mild, to moderate, and
severe.
Type 1 ankle sprain is a mild sprain. It occurs when the
ligaments have been stretched or torn minimally.
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 14
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17. Type II ankle sprain is a moderate level of sprain. It
occurs when some of the fibers of the ligaments are
torn completely.
18. Type III ankle sprain is the most severe ankle sprain.
It occurs when the entire ligament is torn and there is
great instability of the ankle joint.
20. Minor injuries like sprains may be treated at home if
broken bones are not suspected.
The acronym RICE is helpful in remembering how to treat
minor injuries:
"R" stands for rest,
"I" is for ice,
"C" is for compression,
"E" is for elevation
Pain and swelling should decrease within 48 hours, and
gentle movement may be beneficial, but pressure should
not be put on a sprained joint until pain is completely gone
(one to several weeks). http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/
19396.htm
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29. Lateral epicondylitis
inflammation, soreness, or pain on the outside
(lateral) side of the upper arm near the elbow.
There may be a partial tear of the tendon fibers, which
connect muscle to bone. The tear may be at or near
where these fibers begin, on the outside of the elbow.
30. Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Tendon - part of the muscle that attaches to a bone
Muscles in forearm attach to the bone on the outside
of elbow.
When these muscles are used over and over again,
small tears develop in the tendon.
Over time, this leads to irritation and pain where the
tendon is attached to the bone.
31. Causes, incidence, and risk factors
common in people who play a lot of tennis or other racquet
sports, hence the name "tennis elbow."
Backhand is the most common stroke to cause symptoms.
However, any activity that involves repetitive twisting of
the wrist (like using a screwdriver) can lead to this
condition.
Common among
painters, plumbers, construction workers, cooks, and
butchers are all more likely to develop tennis elbow.
This condition may also be due to constant computer
keyboard and mouse use
32. Tennis elbow is most commonly seen in two groups of
people:
Manual Laborers
People who work with their hands are at greater risk of
developing tennis elbow. Jobs that may lead to tennis elbow
include plumbers, painters, gardeners, and carpenters.
Sports Participants
Sports participants, especially racquet sport players, are prone
to developing tennis elbow. About a third of amateur tennis
players experience tennis elbow at some point in their careers.
In addition to racquet sports, tennis elbow is seen in golfers,
fencers, and other sports participants.
33. Symptoms
Elbow pain that gradually worsens
Pain radiating from the outside of the elbow to the
forearm and back of the hand when grasping or
twisting
Weak grasp
Pain over the outside of the elbow
Pain when lifting objects
Pain radiating down the forearm
34. Dx
diagnosis is made based on signs and symptoms,
because x-rays are usually normal.
Often there will be pain or tenderness when the
tendon is gently pressed near where it attaches to the
upper arm bone, over the outside of the elbow.
pain near the elbow when the wrist is extended (bent
backwards, like revving a motorcycle engine) against
resistance.
X-rays are rarely needed.
35. Treatment
Rest arm
avoid the activity that causes symptoms for at least 2 -
3 weeks.
Put ice on the outside of elbow 2 - 3 times a day.
NSAIDs ( ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin).
36. If due to sports activity
Ask about any changes can make in technique.
Check any sports equipment client is using to see if any
changes may help.
Ask about how often client have been playing and
whether he/she should cut back.
37. occupational therapist
can show exercises to stretch and strengthen the
muscles of forearm.
special brace for tennis elbow
It wraps around the first part of forearm and takes some
of the pressure off the muscles.
cortisone injection
If the pain continues after 6 - 12 months of rest and
treatment - surgery may be recommended
38. Surgical tx
debridement of the diseased tissue of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) muscle with decortication
of the lateral epicondyle.
performed through open, percutaneous, and
arthroscopic approaches.
40. Expectations (prognosis)
Most people improve with nonsurgical treatment.
The majority of those who do have surgery show an
improvement in symptoms.
41. Complications
Failure to improve with nonsurgical or surgical
treatment. This may be due to nerve entrapment in the
forearm
Recurrence of the injury with overuse
Rupture of the tendon with repeated steroid injections
42. Prevention
Apply an ice pack to the outside of the elbow
Maintain good strength and flexibility in the arm
muscles and avoid repetitive motions
Rest the elbow when bending and straightening are
painful
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53. ACL Injury
Meniscal Injury
Overuse Syndrome
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64. Overuse syndrome
is a condition where a part of the body is injured by
repeatedly overusing or exerting to much strain on that
body part.
The term overuse syndrome identifies a large group of
conditions that result from using the body in a repetitious
way and causing injury by the amount it is done.
These conditions are often focused on a joint and usually
affect the muscle, bone, tendon or bursa of the joint.
However other anatomical features and areas can be
stressed and their response to that strain can be an injury.
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 64
65. Some common examples of overuse syndrome are:
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Tendonitis
Bursitis
Tennis Elbow
Trigger Finger
Blackberry Thumb
Vibration White Finger
Shin Splints
Calluses
Bunyan
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 65
66. Bursitis
A bursa is a fluid filled sac. They are located around
joints and reduce friction and ease movement as
tendons or muscles pass over bones or skin.
3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 66
67. 3/5/2012 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat, RN, MSN 67