Soybean is an important crop as it is a chief source of protein and oil. It can be cultivated in rainfed conditions with less water requirement. The main soybean producing countries are United States, Brazil, Argentina and China. In Sri Lanka, soybean requirement is met through local production and imports. The crop can be cultivated in dry and intermediate zones during both Maha and Yala seasons. Varieties suitable for cultivation include Pb 01 and PM 13. Proper agronomic practices such as inoculation, spacing, fertilizer and weed management should be followed for better yields.
Importance of maize
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Basic requirements for maize production
Agronomic management practices
Harvest and post-harvest management
Showcasing postharvest developments with potential application in tomatoes. Presented March 7th at the Syngenta "We love Tomato" event in Almeria, Spain.
Importance of maize
Constraints to maize production
Basic requirements for maize production
Agronomic management practices
Harvest and post-harvest management
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Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on July 25, 2019 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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Soybean 521.ppt
1. Soybean - ස ෝයා ස ෝෝංචි
Scientific Name : Glycine max (L.) Merr.
Family: leguminoseae
2. Importance
• Chief source of protein ( 39.1%)
• Contain Lysine and Tryptophan amino acids
• Consider as a oil crop ( 15-20%)
• Ability tp produce many food items for human
consumption
TVP, soy curd, soy ice cream,
soy source, soy milk and soy oil
Tofu,
3. Word soyabean producers -2011
Country Production,
million t.
USA 83.2
Brazil 72
Argentina 48
China 13.5
India 11
Paraguay 6.4
Canada 4.2
Other 13.1
Total 251.5
81%
4. Country Production,
million t.
Argentina 29.6
Brazil 14.7
USA 8.0
India 4.3
Paraguay 1.1
Other 2.6
Total 60.3
Export of soybean cake from India to Sri Lanka – 0.15 m tons
World Soyabean production (million tons)
8. Importance of soyabean
• Can be cultivated under rainfed conditions
• Low cost of cultivation
• High return to investment
• Less water requirement
• Ability to fix nitrogen
9. Cost of production and profitability
Maha 2009/10
Paddy Soya chilli greengra maize Red
Cost of
producti
n
15.27 40.38 64.05 79.60 21.20 38.47
Net
(Rs./ha)
111,896 158,317 312,229 141,293 61,728 256,834
(Agstat, 2011)
12. Climatic requirement
• Dry weather & too much of rains leads to poor
germination
• Need dry weather condition during harvesting
time.
• High temperature reduce the oil content in seeds
• Can be grown up to 1550m ( 5000 ‘) MSL
• Can be grown in many soil types
• Dry & Intermediate zones are best place to
cultivate
• Can be cultivate year round
14. Seed requirement : 50-65 kg/ha ( depend on
seed size)
Time of planting:
Maha season : mid October –mid
November
Yala season: mid April –mid May
Seed inoculation (with Rhizobium japonicum)
1. mix the 250 g of inoculant with 50 kg/wet
seeds spread on the ground
2.Prepare a 250 g of inoculant slurry & mix with
50 kg of seeds
Inoculated seed should be planted immediately
15.
16. Planting spacing
Spacing: 40 x 5 cm
Planting depth: 3 cm
( wider spacing can be adopted when soil is
highly fertile
18. Weed Control
1. 2-3 Weeks after planting(WAP)
2. 4-5 WAP
1. Manual weeding
2. Mechanical weeding
3. chemical ( pre emergence weedicide)weeding
19. Water management
• Yala season planted crop need to irrigated
• Total water requirement – 70 hectare cm
• Irrigate the field before planting & allow to
drained & plant the seed for better germination
• Irrigation intervals
1st month once in 4 days
Until harvest once in 7 days
Sensitive stages to soil moisture stress
Germination
Flowering
Pod filling
20. Pest & Diseases
Insect pest
Bean fly – small insect, Damage to stems
Pod borer – Damage to pods
Mites - Damage to leaves by sucking plant sap
21. Mites
Red, oval shape tiny animals.
Can be seen as a web in the down side of leaves
Damaged levees turn to yellow
Chemical control: Abamectin 1.8 EC
23. Bean fly
Small black fly.
Damaged in seedling stage.
Lay eggs on leaves. Leaves turn to yellow & die
Stem at the ground level become hardy & swollen
Control: Dizinon 50 EC, Carbosulfan 20 SC
25. Harvesting & Processing
Harvesting indices
– Leaves turn yellow & sheds
– Pods colour turn to straw colour
Harvesting method
– Cutting using sickles
Threshing
– Sun dry for 2-3 days
– Thresh using thresher/ tractor
– Manualy ( Beating with sticks)
Storage
Store the seed after sun drying at 10-12 % moisture
