solid state lecture 2 24 march.pptx
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The document discusses unit cells in crystals. It defines a unit cell as the smallest repeating unit that generates the entire crystal structure when translated in three dimensions. There are two main types of unit cells - primitive and centered. Primitive unit cells contain atoms only at the corners, while centered unit cells contain atoms at both corners and other positions like faces or body centers. Several examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine the chemical formula of compounds based on the arrangement of atoms within the unit cell.
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3. Very few alpha particles were reflected backwards, showing the nucleus occupies an extremely small volume compared to the atom.
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Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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- 2. ➔ Unit cell may be defined as the smallest portion of the space lattice, which when repeated over and again through a distance equal to its own dimensions in the various directions, generates the whole crystal lattice. Unit Cell
- 3. Types of Unit cells Types of Unit cells Primitive Atoms/molecules present only at corners Centered Atoms/molecules/ions present at corners + at some other positions
- 6. Centered Unit cell I. Face Centered
- 7. Centered Unit cell II. Body Centered
- 8. Centered Unit cell III. Edge Centered
- 9. No. of Atoms in a Unit cell How to find ?
- 10. Contribution of a particle at each position of Unit cell I. At corner = 1/8
- 11. Contribution of a particle at each position of Unit cell II. At face = 1/2
- 12. Contribution of a particle at each position of Unit cell III. Inside the cell = 1
- 13. Contribution of a particle at each position of Unit cell IV. Edge centered = 1/4
- 14. No. of atoms in simple cubic unit cell 8 (at corners) x 1/8 = 1 atom
- 15. No. of atoms in Body Centered Cubic Unit Cell 8 (at corners) x 1/8 + 1 (at body centre) x 1 = 2 atoms
- 16. No. of atoms in Face Centered Cubic Unit Cell 8 (at corners) x 1/8 + 6 (at Face centres) x 1/2 = 4 atoms
- 17. 1. Acompound formed by elements Aand B crystallizes in the cubic arrangement in which A atoms are at the corners of a cube and B atoms are at the face centres. What is the formula of the compound ? Example
- 18. 2. If three elements P, Ǫ and R crystallise in the cubic solid lattice with P atoms at the corners, Ǫ atoms at the cube centres and R atoms at the centre of the edges, write the formula of the compound ? Example
- 19. 3. A cubic solid is made up of elements P and Ǫ. Atoms Ǫ are present at the corners of the cube and atoms P at the body centre. What is the formula of the compound ? Example
- 20. 4. A compound formed by elements X and Y crystallizes in the cubic structure where Y atoms are at the corners of the cube and X atoms are at the alternate faces. What is the formula of the compound ? Example
- 21. 5 . A compound made up of elements A and B crystallises in the cubic structure. Atoms A are present on the corners as well as face centres whereas atoms B are present on the edge centres as well as body centre. What is the formula of the compound. Example
- 22. 6. A cubic solid is made of two elements P and Ǫ. Atom P is at the corners and Ǫ is at the edge centres & body centre. Write down the formula of the compound ? Example
- 27. Ask a Doubt 1 2 user
- 28. Ask a Doubt 3 4
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- 36. Step 1 Step 2 INSTALL
- 37. Step 4 Step 3 CBSE Class 11th |12th Step 5 CBSE Class 11th|12th