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1. SOLAR IRRIGATION PUMP
WITH TRACKING SENSOR
PRESENTED BY
DEEPAK
2016AE14BIV
1

2. OUTLINE
5.
SYSTEM
EXECUTION
3.
JOURNEY
OF
IRRIGTION ?
4.
PROPOSED
SYSTEM
1.
WHY
SOLAR
IRRIGTION ?
6.
ACTION
TAKEN BY
GOVT.
7.
FUTURE
SCOPE
8.
CONLUSION
2.
TYPES
OF SOLAR
IRRIGTION
2

3. WHY SOLAR IRRIGATION ?
 Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy in the
world.
 Solar powered irrigation system can be a suitable alternative
for farmers in the present state of energy crisis.
 Solar technology helps reduce costs and protect the
enviorment.
3

4. TYPES OF SOLAR IRRIGATION
4
Center Pivot
Irrigation Powered By
Solar
Solar Powered
Water Pump
Generator
Solar Powered
Automatic
Irrigation

5. CENTER PIVOT IRRIGATION POWERED BY SOLAR
 Invented in 1940 by a farmer Frank
zybach
 Effective method to improve water
distribution to fields.
 Center pivot irrigation is a form of
overhead sprinkler irrigation
consisting of several segments of
pipe with sprinklers positioned along
their length
 Mainly used in parts of United
States, Australia , New Zealand,
Brazil
5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ce

6. JOURNEY OF IRRIGATION
METHODS
6

7. 7
Persian Water Wheel
method
Chakram irrigation
method
Diesel engine

8. 8
Ground Pump
Solar powered
pumps
Moisture sensor
Irrigation Pump

9. EXISTING SYSTEM
 In the existing systems, the power
generation is carried out by the
conventional energy sources.
 This conventional energy sources
causes greenhouse gases
emission which leads to the
global warming.
9

10. PROPOSED SYSTEM
 In the proposed systems the
power generation is carried out
by the renewable energy
sources.
 Useful in remote locations
where a steady fuel supply is
not possible.
 Providing a adequate and
quality power to domestic and
other consumers.
10

11. BLOCK DIAGRAM
11

12. Components
I. Solar panel
II. AC Pump
III. Microcontroller
IV. Moisture sensor
V. GSM/ Bluetooth
VI. Controller circuit
12

13. 13
Solar Panel
Solar panel refers to a
photovoltaic module.
Solar modules use light energy
(photons) from the sun to
generate electricity.
Ranges from 100 to 320 watts.
Photovoltaic cell performs basically
3 operation:
1.The absorption of light, generating
either electron-hole pairs .
2.The separation of charge carriers
of opposite types.
3.The separate extraction of those
carriers to an external circuit.

14. 14
A microcontroller is a compact
integrated circuit designed to govern a
specific operation in an embedded
system.
A typical microcontroller includes a
processor, memory and input/output
(I/O) peripherals on a single chip
Arduino Mega 2560 Microcontroller

15. 15
GSM / Bluetooth
GSM-Global System for Mobile Communication
A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works
with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem
behaves like a dial-up modem.
With the help of GSM, a farmer can operate its
pump from their mobiles.

16. 16Dr. Megh R Goyal, “Challenges and Opportubities of Micro Irrigation in India and World”, National Congress on
New Challenges and Advances in Sustainable Micro Irrigation, March, 2017, Pages-1-20
Moisture Sensor
The moisture sensor senses
the moisture content in the
soil and gives an analog
output which needs to be
interfaced with the arduiuno.
Specifications
Operating voltage 3.3-5V dual output , 4 wire
interface
Panel PCB dimension 3cm x 1.5cm
Soil Probe dimension 6cm x 3cm
Cable length 21cm

17. 17
Placement of moisture sensor
In fruit trees, moisture sensor
should be placed on the sunny
side of the tree at 30-45 cm from
the emitter.
In vegetable crops, moisture
sensor should be placed at 10-15
cm depth.
For trees, irrigate 60 % of the
shaded area .

18. 18
TYPES OF
SOIL
MOISTURE
SENSOR
VOLUMETRIC
SENSOR
TENSIOMETER
SOLID STATE
SENSOR

19. 19mytrellis.com/blog
VOLUMETRIC SENSORS
Volumetric soil moisture
sensors directly measure
the amount of water in
the soil.
This category has many
different sensor types with
subcategories. Dielectric
sensors are the most
common.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Incredibly
accurate
Expensive
Longer install
process;
Requires
calibration for
each soil type

20. 20
SOLID STATE SENSORS
The Watermark solid state
sensor is an electrical
resistance sensing device.
After measuring the
resistance, the water
tension is calculated to
determine the plant
available soil moisture.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Inexpensive Use with
care in high
salinity soils
Low
maintenance

21. 21
TENSIOMETER
These sensors measure soil
water potential, or how hard
the plant has to work to
extract water from the soil.
Tensiometers are not affected
by salinity & do not require
calibration.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Inexpensive High
maintenance
Simple Can't remain
in field in cold
climates

22. SYSTEM EXECUTION
1
• User sets the threshold value
2
• Moisture sensor reads the moisture contained in the soil and feeds to
the microcontroller
3
• Microcontroller compare the sensor input and the threshold value.
4
• If the sensor input value is less than 30%, plants get watered or else it
continues to read the moisture value
5
• The watering stops till the moisture contain reaches the threshold value
22

23. SOIL MOSITURE REQUIRED TO START SENSOR
• The following Table 1 illustrates the voltage developed by the moisture sensor w.r.t
addition of water.
• It was observed that when the soil was completely dry it was developing 4.5V and
when 60ml water added, the soil turned into completely wet.
• For this complete wet, the voltage developed from the soil sensor was 0.88V.
23www.irjet.net
Soil cup no Weight of soil(g) Added water
quantity(ml)
Moisture sensor
output voltage
(V)
Soil moisture(%)
1 200(dry) 0 4.5 0
2 200 12 3.1 38.67
3 200 24 2.6 52.48
4 200 36 2.1 66.29
5 200 48 1.4 85.63
6 200(wet) 60 0.88 100

24. Action taken by the govt. towards adoption of
solar pump
From 1993-
2010
• MNRE – Promotion of solar PV water pumping systems for
irrigation and drinking water-7771 pump has been installed
against target of 50000 solar pump
From 2010-
2017
• Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)-solar water
pump comes under capital subsidery of 30%. some state like
Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh has given added subsidy on
that
24

25. 25https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/government-to-provide-27-5-lakh-solar-
pumps-to-farmers-under-kusum/64464930
2014
• 40% capital subsidy from MNRE, 20% beneficiary
contribution, and amount extended as a loan implement
through NATIONAL BANK FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL
DEVELOPMENT (NABARD)
2017
• MNRE CLOSED THE NABARD CREDIT LINKED SUBSIDY SCHEME
AND SET MODIFIED CAPITAL RATES like the capital subsidy -
rates for 2017-2018 are 30% for pumps under 1 HP, 25 per cent
for 1-3 HP and 20% for pumps 3-5 HP.
2018
• KISAN URJA SURAKSHA EVAM UTTHAAN MAHAABHIYAN
(KUSUM) scheme in this scheme RS48,000 crore scheme, 1.75
million solar pump will be installed where the grid has not
reached and 1 million solar pumps where the grid is available

26. 26https://mnre.gov.in/

27. 27

28. Future scope
 This type of automated irrigation system
consumes 40-50% less water as compared to
the traditional system Ideal growth condition is
been provided.
 It saves time and timer delay as per the
environmental condition can be added for
automatic watering.
 This smart irrigation system can be adjusted
and modified according to the changing
environment.
 It is simple to operate it starts by designing the
map of your field and marking the location of
planting
28

29. ADVANTAGES
• No Fuel Requirements
• No need of Manual switch on/off
• Timer based or Manual operations options are available
• No need of maintenance
• Long lasting solution
• Low Recurrent Cost
• Can be installed very close to the actual application
29

30. CONCLUSION
Farmer buys a solar water pump mainly because of three
reasons.
1. One is unavailability of electricity at farm
2. Other is increasing price of diesel
3. get the relief from the threat of over-irrigation in land
So, farmers prefer to buy solar water pump.
30

31. 31
Any questions?
You can find me at
◂ agrineerdpk2907@hau.ac.in