This document describes a smart irrigation system using a GSM network. It consists of a soil moisture sensor connected to a microcontroller that controls a water pump. The microcontroller is connected to a GSM module to send SMS alerts. If the sensor detects soil moisture is below a threshold, it triggers the pump and notifies the user by SMS. When moisture reaches the threshold, the pump stops and another SMS is sent. The system aims to remotely monitor soil moisture in real-time and automate watering to conserve water and reduce labor.

1. PRESENTED BY
ANJALI GOPAL
GUIDED BY
Prof. PRADEEP
HOD ECE
GSM BASED SMART IRRIGATION

2. • Objective
 Introduction
 Architecture
 Resources
 Flow chart
 Execution code
 Conclusion
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OVERVIEW

3. INTRODUCTION
 Reduce the man power & conserve the water
 Real time sensing and control
 Interfacing of microcontroller through moisture
sensor and hence to GSM through MAX 232
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4. ARCHITECTURE
Master
Controller
32bit
solenoid
Relay driver
Water
Pump
ADC
Moisture
sensor
MAX
232
GSM Power
supply
User
Android
mobile
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5. RESOURCES
 SENSOR
 MICROCONTROLLER
 MAX 232
 GSM
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6. SENSOR
 The feedback control mechanism
 frequency domain moisture sensors (capacitance sensor)
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SOIL MOISTURE
MEASUREMENTS
DIRECT METHODS
THERMO-GRAVIOMETRIC
THERMO-VOLUMETRIC
INDIRECT METHODS
VOLUMETRIC
TENSIOMETRIC
6
cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/FS083E/FS083E.pdf

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8. Time domain reflectometry sensors(TDR)
• TDR is the most accurate sensor
• measure the reflectance of the pulse
• The travel time of the pulse is used to
directly calculate dielectric const(Ka)
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9. Neutron probe sensors
• Measure hydrogen atoms in the soil
• The neutrons collide with hydrogen
atoms in the soil (i.e. water)
• More collisions the more water in the
soil
• A measurement is made of the number
of neutrons that have collided
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10. Frequency domain sensors
(capacitance sensors)
•Determines Ka by measuring the
charge time of a capacitor
•Ideal in field applications using
wireless networks
•Better resolution than TDR
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11. HYDRA PROBES
• Relatively inexpensive and widely used
• It measures both the real (εr) and Imaginary (εi)
components of the complex soil dielectric constant at 50
MHz
•Hydra Probe is buried in the soil hence referred as “in-situ”
placement
• Buried at several different depths in order to measure soil
parameters over a wide area
• power supply 7-30VDC 30.7.201511

12. • The Hydra probe is a sensor that consists of :
 a 4-cm diameter cylindrical head
 four 0.3-cm diameter tines
 tines protrude 5.8 cm
measure temperature
• The Hydra Probe delivers very accurate measurements of soil
conditions, including:
 soil moisture
 temperature
 electrical conductivity
 Dielectric permitivity
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13. • The Hydra Probe is available in three versions:
SDI-12
 RS-485
 Analog
• ANALOG
fast measurement rate
The output is 4 voltages
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14. 30.7.2015
 The tines serve as wave
guides
 Tines are pushed into
soil material
 The probe converts the
signal response into the
dielectric permittivity
14
http://www.stevenswater.com/soil_moisture_sensors/

15. MICROCONTROLLER
 The NXP (founded by Philips) LPC2129 is an ARM7TDMI-S
 32-bit RISC Microcontroller
 256KB on-chip Flash ROM with In-System Programming (ISP) and In-Application
Programming (IAP)
 16KB RAM
 9 External intrrupts
 Two UARTs
 I2C serial interface
 2 SPI serial interfaces
 Two timers (7 capture/compare channels)
 PWM unit with up to 6 PWM outputs
 4-channels 10bit ADC
 2 CAN channels.
 Real Time Clock
 Watchdog Timer
 46 General purpose I/O pins
 CPU clock up to 60 MHz
 On-chip crystal oscillator and On-chip PLL
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www.keil.com/dd/docs/datashts/philips/lpc2119_2129.pdf

16. GSM
GSM -Global System for Mobile
communications.
•ETSI - European telecommunication
standards
• protocols for second-generation (2G)
digital cellular networks
•developed as a digital system using
TDMA technology
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www.engineersgarage.com/articles/gsm-gprs-modules

17. FEATURES
 Dual band GSM/GPRS 900/1800MHz
 Configurable baud rate
 SIM card holder
 Built in network status LED
 Inbuilt powerful TCP/IP protocol
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18. Working
 GSM modem doesn’t have a keypad & display.
 serial interface
 commands are called as AT commands
 Every command starts with "AT“ hence called as AT
commands.
 AT stands for attention
GSM/GPRS module consists of a GSM/GPRS modem assembled together with
power supply circuit and communication interfaces.
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20.  GSM modem works with 12V DC
 mismatch of voltage levels.
 Interfaced with the help of RS232 cable.
 MAX232 device : convert TTL logic level to RS232 level
 The RS232 device is an interface between DTE &DCE
GSM Modem Interfacing with
Microcontroller
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAX232

21. FLOWCHART
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22. PROJECT EXECUTION STEPS
Sensor reads the moisture contained in the soil and feeds
to the microcontroller .
Microcontroller compare the sensor input and the
threshold value
If the sensor input value is less than 50%, user is
informed via android mobile phone. plants get watered
or else it continues to read the moisture value
The watering stops till the moisture contain reaches the
threshold value
When the pump stops user is again signaled via mobile
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23. CONCLUSION
 A reliable and efficient system for monitoring the
environmental parameters
 Allows user to see accurate changes in it
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24. REFERENCES
 www.engineersgarage.com/articles/gsm-gprs-modules
 www.edgefx.in/gsm-interfacing-8051-microcontroller/
 www.stevenswater.com/catalog/Stevens-Hydra-
Probe.aspx
 www.ijert.org/.../smart-irrigation-system-using-
wireless-sensor-network
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25. THANK YOU