Social groups are collections of people who interact and share similarities. They have at least two members who communicate regularly and have some shared interests or loyalty. There are several types of social groups including primary groups like families that have close relationships, and secondary groups like classmates that have impersonal, temporary relationships. Reference groups influence how people see themselves, and social networks connect individuals through social ties online and offline.

1. Social groups
By -Aayushi jain

2. WHAT ARE SOCIAL GROUPS?
A social group is a collection
of people who interact with
each other and share similar
characteristics and a sense
of unity.

4. • Definition According to
Maclver and page (1949),
“By group, we mean any
collection of human beings,
who are brought into social
relationships with one
another’’.

5. • Bogardus (1949) writes:
“A social group may be
thought of as a number of a
persons, two or more, who
have some common objects of
attention, who are stimulating
to each other, who have a
common loyalty and
participate in similar
activities.”

6. Characteristics of social
groups
Two and more than two
persons.
Some kind of regular and
conscious interaction through
direct or indirect
communication.
Some degree of reciprocity.
Collective behaviour.

7. Some common interest or
some common object of
attention
A feeling of unity (similar
norms, values and
expectations).
Some measure of mutual
awareness.
Common understanding.

8. IN GROUPS & OUT GROUPS
PRIMERY GROUP
SECONDARY GROUP
REFERENCE GROUP
TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUPS

9. IN GROUP & OUT GROUP
An in-group is a social category
to which persons feel they
belong and share a
consciousness or awareness of
kind In other words, these are
the groups for which we precede
with the pronoun ‘my’ such as my
family , my nation, my caste, my
occupational groups etc.

10. PRIMERY GROUP
A primary group is typically a
small social group whose
members share close,
personal, enduring
relationships.

11. EXAMPLE-FAMILY
Families as Social Groups: This family
from the 1970s would be an example of a
primary group.

12. SECONDERY GROUP
Secondary groups are large
groups whose relationships
are impersonal and goal
oriented; their relationships
are temporary.

13. SOME EXAMPLES
Classmates as Secondary Groups:
A class of students is generally
considered a secondary group.
Doctors as Secondary Groups: The
doctor-patient relationship is another
example of secondary groups.

14. REFERENCE GROUP
Sociologists call any group
that individuals use as a
standard for evaluating
themselves and their own
behaviour a reference group.

15. SOME EXAMPLES
Reference group: Reference groups
provide the benchmarks and contrast
needed for comparison and evaluation
of group and personal characteristics.
Reference group: Reference groups
become the individual’s frame of
reference and source for ordering his
or her experiences, perceptions,
cognition, and ideas of self.

16. SOCIAL NETWORK
A social network is a social
structure between actors,
connecting them through
various social familiarities.

17. EXAMPLE
Social Network Illustration: An example
of a social network diagram

18. ONLINE COMMUNITIES
On the Internet, social
interactions can occur in
online communities that
preclude the need to be face-
to-face.

19. SOME EXAMPLES
Facebook: While payment is necessary to
participate in some online communities,
such as certain dating websites or for
monthly game subscriptions, many other
sites are free to users such as social
networks Facebook and Twitter.

20. THANKS FOR
LISTENING