(Social) Feudalism
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The document summarizes the political structure of feudal society during the Middle Ages. It describes the hierarchical relationships between kings, nobles, knights, and peasants. At the top was the king, who granted land to powerful nobles in exchange for their loyalty and military service. Lesser nobles (knights) pledged loyalty to more powerful nobles in return for land, and were expected to provide military service. At the bottom were serfs, who were bound to the land, and freemen, skilled workers who paid rent but had more freedom. This pyramid-shaped system of obligations and exchanges of service for protection defined the political relationships under feudalism.
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The document discusses the social structure of feudal society. It describes the relationship between lords and vassals, with vassals owing duties to their lords. Knights were trained from a young age and served as lesser nobles. Peasants included both freemen, who paid rent but were able to leave their land, and serfs who were bound to the land. The pyramid of power placed the king at the top receiving loyalty from nobles, who received land and gave loyalty in turn, down to knights and peasants at the bottom.
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Medieval society was organized in a strict feudal hierarchy. At the top was the king, who owned all the land and granted portions to noblemen in exchange for their military service. Below the noblemen were knights and clergy who fought and prayed on their behalf. At the bottom were peasants and servants who worked the land in return for protection from their lord. Everyone owed allegiance and service to those ranked above them in the feudal pyramid structure.
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During the Middle Ages, feudalism developed as a system where the king owned all of the land. The king gave land to nobles in exchange for their loyalty and service. Nobles then gave parts of their land to knights, who were obligated to protect the nobles' lands. Most people were peasants who lived and worked on the lands of nobles. They provided food and services in exchange for protection. Peasants lived under harsh conditions and had little freedom or rights. The feudal system established a strict social hierarchy in medieval Europe.
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Feudalism powerpoint
The document discusses the feudal system that emerged in medieval Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire. It introduces key terms like lord, vassal, knight, serf, and freeman. Feudalism developed as powerful lords and nobles provided protection to people in exchange for loyalty and labor. Peasants pledged themselves to nobles in order to receive military defense of their lands. This led to a strict social hierarchy with the king at the top, followed by nobles, knights, and peasants at the bottom. Overall, the document provides an overview of the political and social structure of feudalism.
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Feudalism powerpoint
The document discusses the social structure of feudal society. It describes the relationship between lords and vassals, with vassals owing duties to their lords. Knights were trained from a young age and served as lesser nobles. Peasants included both freemen, who paid rent but were able to leave their land, and serfs who were bound to the land. The pyramid of power placed the king at the top receiving loyalty from nobles, who received land and gave loyalty in turn, down to knights and peasants at the bottom.
Feudal society
Medieval society was organized in a strict feudal hierarchy. At the top was the king, who owned all the land and granted portions to noblemen in exchange for their military service. Below the noblemen were knights and clergy who fought and prayed on their behalf. At the bottom were peasants and servants who worked the land in return for protection from their lord. Everyone owed allegiance and service to those ranked above them in the feudal pyramid structure.
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During the Middle Ages, feudalism developed as a system where the king owned all of the land. The king gave land to nobles in exchange for their loyalty and service. Nobles then gave parts of their land to knights, who were obligated to protect the nobles' lands. Most people were peasants who lived and worked on the lands of nobles. They provided food and services in exchange for protection. Peasants lived under harsh conditions and had little freedom or rights. The feudal system established a strict social hierarchy in medieval Europe.
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The document discusses the feudal system that emerged in medieval Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire. It introduces key terms like lord, vassal, knight, serf, and freeman. Feudalism developed as powerful lords and nobles provided protection to people in exchange for loyalty and labor. Peasants pledged themselves to nobles in order to receive military defense of their lands. This led to a strict social hierarchy with the king at the top, followed by nobles, knights, and peasants at the bottom. Overall, the document provides an overview of the political and social structure of feudalism.
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World history & geog presentation feudalism
The Middle Ages or medieval time is believed to have started with the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 and to have lasted about 1,000 years until about 1450.
The beginning of the Middle Ages is called the Dark Ages because the great civilizations of Rome and Greece had been conquered.
The adjective feudal was coined in the 17th century, and the noun feudalism, often used in a political and propaganda context, was not coined until the 19th century (Elizabeth A. R. Brown, 1974) .
Since at least the 1960s, when Marc Bloch's Feudal Society (1939) was first translated into English in 1961, many medieval historians have included a broader social aspect that includes not only the nobility but all three estates of the realm, adding the peasantry bonds of manorialism and the estates of the Church; this is sometimes referred to as "feudal society" since it encompasses all members of society into the feudal system.
Feudalism
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Feudalism in the middle ages
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The feudal order
When Charlemagne's empire fell, Europe fragmented into feudal territories. Under feudalism, the king owned all land and granted fiefs to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Nobles further divided their lands between knights who protected local peasants. Peasants were tied to the land and provided food, services, and labor up the feudal chain to support their lord and the king. Through this system of obligations and bonds of loyalty, feudalism organized Medieval European society and political order.
Feudalism
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CH 7.2 World history
Feudalism emerged in medieval Europe as a political and economic system characterized by mutual obligations between lords and vassals. Lords divided their lands into estates called manors and granted them to vassals, who in turn pledged military service to their lord. This feudal system shaped medieval society, with knights and nobles training from a young age to serve their lords and protect their lands and manors. Peasants who lived and worked on manors as serfs had a harsh, difficult life with little freedom.
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Feudalism In Europe
The document discusses the feudal system that developed in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It describes how the feudal system was based on hierarchies of land ownership and personal obligations. Lords granted land (fiefs) to vassals in exchange for military service and protection. In turn, peasants lived and worked on the manor lands in exchange for protection from their lord. While the manor provided necessities, peasants also faced high taxes and duties under the feudal system.
Feudalism manorialism
Feudalism involved kings granting land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Nobles then granted portions of that land to knights or peasants, who in turn owed the nobles services or a share of their crops. This system of lords granting land in exchange for loyalty and labor formed the basis of political and economic organization during the Middle Ages in Europe and allowed kings to build armies to defend their lands.
Feudalism
The document summarizes the feudal system of medieval Europe. It describes the hierarchical power structure with the monarch at the top, followed by nobles and lords, knights and vassals, merchants and farmers, and peasants and serfs. Each class had distinct roles and responsibilities within the system. The purpose of feudalism was to provide security and protection of lands through this stratified social order.
Feudalism and manorialism lesson 7.33
A peasant family lives on the land of a noble in medieval times. They work hard but much of the food they grow goes to the noble and his family. Their house is small with a dirt floor. The peasant's parents are tired and weak, and the peasant wishes they could improve their lives.
FEUDALISM IN ENGLAND
Feudalism was a social, political, and economic system established in England after the Norman conquest in 1066. William the Conqueror defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings and needed the support of nobles and knights, so he instituted a feudal system with himself at the top. Under feudalism, the king granted lands to lords in exchange for loyalty and military service. Lords then granted lands to knights who owed military service in return. Serfs, bound to the land, did most of the manual labor and had few rights. This feudal hierarchy and system of land-for-service defined political and social relations until the French and English revolutions began dismantling feudalism.
Feudalism - Middle Ages II
The document summarizes the rise of feudalism in Europe following invasions from the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims between 800-1000 AD. It explains that as kings were unable to provide protection, people looked to local rulers who granted land (fiefs) to vassals in exchange for military service. This led to the development of the feudal system with lords, knights, and serfs, where serfs lived on manors and owed labor and goods to their lord in exchange for protection and farmland. Life was difficult for serfs who spent much of their time working, lived in basic housing, and faced risks of illness and malnutrition. The manor system
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The document summarizes the history of British rule in India through the East India Company. It describes how the EIC was granted trading rights in India in the early 1600s which expanded into territorial control over key ports and regions. Two key historical turning points were highlighted: the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which marked the EIC's military ascendancy over local rulers, and Tipu Sultan's resistance in the late 1700s, which was ultimately defeated by the EIC and its Indian allies. The document discusses both positive impacts of British infrastructure development as well as negative aspects like exploitation of resources, famines exacerbated by tax policies, destruction of local industries, and violence and cruelty during the colonial period.
World history & geog presentation feudalism
The Middle Ages or medieval time is believed to have started with the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 and to have lasted about 1,000 years until about 1450.
The beginning of the Middle Ages is called the Dark Ages because the great civilizations of Rome and Greece had been conquered.
The adjective feudal was coined in the 17th century, and the noun feudalism, often used in a political and propaganda context, was not coined until the 19th century (Elizabeth A. R. Brown, 1974) .
Since at least the 1960s, when Marc Bloch's Feudal Society (1939) was first translated into English in 1961, many medieval historians have included a broader social aspect that includes not only the nobility but all three estates of the realm, adding the peasantry bonds of manorialism and the estates of the Church; this is sometimes referred to as "feudal society" since it encompasses all members of society into the feudal system.
Feudalism
After Charlemagne's death, his empire was divided and Europe experienced increased invasions which led to the rise of feudalism. Feudalism was a system where lords granted land to vassals who then provided military service in exchange. This system established hierarchies with peasants at the bottom working the land under lords and knights. Peasants lived confined lives paying taxes and duties on manors which were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates ruled over by lords.
Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism was an economic, political, and social system where nobles granted land to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service. Vassals received land from lords and protected their manors, which were the centers of agricultural estates. Serfs lived and worked on the manors, farming the land but belonging to the manor rather than the lord. This system linked lords, vassals, knights, priests, and peasants in a hierarchy where each group supported the others through the exchange of land and services.
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The document summarizes the feudal system that existed in medieval Europe. It describes a hierarchy with the king at the top who granted land to lords and barons in exchange for military service. These lords then rented land to peasants and serfs who lived and worked the land in exchange for protection. Serfs had the lowest social status and were essentially slaves to the land. The system ensured military obligations up the chain to support the king in defending his kingdom.
Feudalism Notes
The documents compare maps of the Roman Empire and Medieval Europe to highlight differences arising after the fall of Rome. Feudalism emerged as a political-economic system wherein lords provided protection to vassals (knights and peasants), who pledged loyalty and provided services or food. This system brought more order and stability to Europe compared to the period directly following Rome's fall, when invasions and instability were rampant.
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The document provides an overview of the colonization of India by the British East India Company from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century. It discusses key events like the Battle of Plassey in 1757 which established Company rule in Bengal, the rebellion of 1857 against British rule, and the gradual expansion of Company control over more Indian territories and princely states through military conquests and the doctrine of lapse. Administrative reforms were introduced by the British to consolidate and centralize their authority, while resistance from groups like tribal communities and the aftermath of the 1857 rebellion are also examined.
13.2 - Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism developed in Western Europe following the decline of Charlemagne's empire in the 9th century. Under feudalism, society was organized into a pyramid-like hierarchy with the king at the top granting land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Nobles then granted land to knights who granted land to peasants, who lived on and worked the land in exchange for protection. Peasants had little freedom and lived difficult lives, but their servitude was tied to the land rather than being slaves. The feudal system helped provide security and governance in a decentralized political environment vulnerable to invaders.
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The document discusses the negative economic and social impacts of British colonial rule in India from the 18th to early 20th centuries. It provides perspectives from historians and colonial officials that describe how Britain drained India of its wealth, systematically destroyed India's thriving textile industry, and caused India's economy to stagnate or decline significantly during this period. Life expectancy for Indians also decreased under British rule as poverty and famine increased. The document argues that Britain benefited greatly at India's expense through taxes, trade and exploiting resources and labor.
The feudal order
When Charlemagne's empire fell, Europe fragmented into feudal territories. Under feudalism, the king owned all land and granted fiefs to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Nobles further divided their lands between knights who protected local peasants. Peasants were tied to the land and provided food, services, and labor up the feudal chain to support their lord and the king. Through this system of obligations and bonds of loyalty, feudalism organized Medieval European society and political order.
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Feudalism was a loosely organized system of rule where powerful lords divided land among lesser lords, granting land and protection in exchange for military service and loyalty; nobles or lords owned land, fought wars as knights, and built castles for defense, while serfs or peasants lived and worked on manors, pledged work on the lord's land several days a week in exchange for their own plots of land and the lord's protection.
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The lesson is based on CBSE HISTORY CLASS - 8, Ln - 2 - Trade to territory.It clearly explains the details of how gradually India went into the hands of British.
The Feudal System
The document summarizes the feudal system that was prevalent in medieval Europe between the 5th and 16th centuries. It describes the basic living conditions for peasants, who lived in small huts and farmed small vegetable gardens to support themselves. There was also a class of freemen peasants who had slightly more independence as they paid rent but were not bound to the land. The feudal system was based on the king granting lands and titles of nobility to vassals in exchange for loyalty and services. Vassals would then govern their lands and collect taxes from peasants in exchange for protection. This hierarchical system dominated government and society across much of Western Europe during the medieval period.
CH 7.2 World history
Feudalism emerged in medieval Europe as a political and economic system characterized by mutual obligations between lords and vassals. Lords divided their lands into estates called manors and granted them to vassals, who in turn pledged military service to their lord. This feudal system shaped medieval society, with knights and nobles training from a young age to serve their lords and protect their lands and manors. Peasants who lived and worked on manors as serfs had a harsh, difficult life with little freedom.
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Hagia Sofia was built between 532 and 537, as a Christian church. It has influenced architects ever since. The circular dome covering a square base was developed at the same time as the Basilica plan of the Early Christian churches, in Italy. The Byzantine dome was later adopted into Islamic architecture. However, the Roman dome was constructed differently. Romans placed their dome over a solid circle of walling, best seen in the example of the Pantheon in Rome, instead of using the pendentives (an architectural feature).
However, one shared feature of the time between the two styles was the use of opaque glass mosaics in the interior decoration, covering the walls.
The Hagia Sofia plan is basically an inscribed Greek cross. The hall has four piers at the corners of the square rising in circular arches to support a central dome by means of four pendentives. The upper galleries were used by the women, and were reached by steps inside the building. Much of Hagia Sofia's appeal comes from its size. The inside is dominated by the central dome over 30.5 metres in diameter.
Today after about 1500 years of continue used, Hagia Sofia still dominates the skyline of the Bosphorus. It is truly a milestone, among the world’s greatest architectural achievements, a testament of the sophistication of the 6C Byzantine Empire.
Hodge powerpoint
Within feudalism, powerful lords granted land to lesser nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. This system structured society into lords and vassals. Peasants lived and worked on large farming estates called manors, where they grew food and other goods. In return for cultivating 2/3 of the manor's land, peasants gave some of their crops and labor to the lord. Peasant life was difficult, as they spent long days working and faced disease, starvation, and warfare. The manor system organized local economies and trade during the European Middle Ages.
Romanesque churches
Romanesque architecture developed between 1000-1200 CE and was heavily influenced by Roman architectural forms and construction methods. Romanesque churches had a simple, heavy appearance on the exterior with thick walls and modest height. The interior featured round arches, barrel vaults supported by thick piers, and sometimes groin vaults, which created dark and solemn spaces. Multiple geometric forms made up the structure rather than one large space.
Gothic ARCHITECTURE
The document provides information on key characteristics of Gothic church architecture, including its emphasis on verticality and light. Some key points:
- Gothic churches utilized new technologies like pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, allowing them to be much taller with more light than previous styles.
- Features like tall spires, clerestory windows, and thin walls/columns emphasized verticality and maximized light. Interior vaults could reach heights of over 45 meters.
- Plans were typically cruciform with a long nave, transept, and eastern extension like a choir. Regional variations included layouts and materials used.
- Vertical elements like windows, buttresses, and interior
HISTORY: Baroque Architecture
History of Architecture 2
Report by: Group 2 (Leader: Matt)
DLS-College of St. Benilde
School of Architecture
2nd Term S.Y. 2015-16
March 2016
Baroque Architecture
The building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist state.
It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow, and dramatic intensity.
Romanesque architecture
The term Romanesque ("Roman-like") was first used to designate a style of architecture that used Roman arches and had thick, heavy walls, based upon the basilica. The style is pervasive throughout Europe.
Early Medieval Art: The Carolingian Renaissance
The Carolingian Renaissance saw a revival of learning and culture in Western Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire. Under Charlemagne's rule of the Frankish Kingdom from 768-814 CE, he sought to revive elements of classical Roman civilization. Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope in 800 CE in Rome, establishing himself as successor to the Roman Emperors. He standardized education, created a new style of writing, and promoted the arts, architecture, and illuminated manuscripts to revive Roman influence. Charlemagne's capital of Aachen featured the first major building constructed in Europe after Rome's fall, reflecting his goal of creating a "New Rome" and asserting his imperial authority.
U4 Romanesque
The document provides an overview of Romanesque and Gothic art and architecture between the 11th and 15th centuries in Europe. It discusses key characteristics of Romanesque architecture, sculpture and painting, including round arches, barrel vaults and rigid human figures. Gothic developments are then outlined, notably pointed arches, rib vaults, stained glass windows and greater realism in sculptures and paintings. Examples of major cathedrals demonstrating these styles are also referenced.
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The document provides background information on feudalism in medieval Europe. It explains that feudalism emerged after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, when there was no strong central government. Under feudalism, kings and lords granted land to lesser nobles, known as vassals, who were then obligated to provide military service. Vassals could further divide their lands, becoming overlords to lower-level vassals. Peasants lived under manorial systems and were often bound to the land as serfs. Knights received land and protection from lords in exchange for military service. Feudal relationships were complex and sometimes vassals had obligations to multiple overlords. The system helped provide security and
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Feudalism was a hierarchical system where the king granted land to lords in exchange for military service. Lords ruled over sections of land and peasants worked the land in exchange for protection. This system ensured security and order but restricted individual rights. Peasants were at the bottom and had little freedom while kings, lords, knights and merchants held higher positions with more power and wealth. Feudalism declined as the economy changed after the Black Plague and lords and peasants demanded more power and rights.
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Feudalism was a political and economic system that developed in Europe following the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It was characterized by a pyramid structure of power wherein land was granted by lords in exchange for military service and loyalty. At the top was the king, who granted land to nobles in return for taxes and soldiers when needed. Nobles then granted land to knights who became their vassals, and peasants lived and worked on the land but were bound to it as serfs under this new manorial economic system.
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1. Medieval European society was organized into a feudal system following invasions in the 9th-11th centuries. Kings granted land to nobles who then protected peasants on that land.
2. The feudal system was based on a hierarchy of obligations where peasants pledged allegiance to local lords in exchange for protection, and lords pledged to the king in exchange for land. This created interlocking bonds of loyalty throughout society.
3. Medieval society was divided into estates of nobles, clergy, and workers. Nobles fought as knights and defended the people. Clergy prayed for spiritual salvation and managed church lands and monasteries. Peasants and craftsmen produced food and goods
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After the fall of Rome, Western Europe transitioned to feudalism due to invasions. Feudalism involved a hierarchy with the monarch at the top, followed by lords and knights who were given land in exchange for military service. At the bottom were peasants who worked the land. Charlemagne unified much of Europe and his rewarding of knights with land for service established the framework for feudalism. Feudalism organized defense and authority through this hierarchy during a time when centralized government and defense were lacking after Rome's fall.
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The document provides definitions for 17 terms related to medieval Europe. It defines noble as a person of high birth or title. It defines hierarchy as a system that organizes people into ranks with higher ranks having more power. It defines armor as a metal or leather covering worn for protection in fighting. It defines the pope as the bishop of Rome and leader of the Roman Catholic Church.
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(Social) Feudalism
- 1. Feudal Society Political Structure World History
- 4. WHY WAS FEUDALISM NECESSARY?
- 6. What is a Knight?
- 9. Serfs and Village Life
- 10. Feudal Contract LORDS VASSALS GIVE PROTECTION TO GIVE SERVICE TO
- 11. CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OR POWER
- 12. CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER SERFS AND FREEMEN
- 13. CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN
- 14. CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES SERFS AND FREEMEN LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE
- 15. CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES KING SERFS AND FREEMEN LAND AND PROTECTION LAND LOYALTY AND SERVICE LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE
- 18. THE END HISTORY NOTES
Editor's Notes
- After the Roman Empire collapsed, Europe had no strong central govt. Cities were much smaller and were no longer economic cities bur places to huddle for protection. Feudalism began on the latifundia of Roman times Roman nobles needed to protect their estates but had no money to pay soldiers Former Roman generals and their soldiers were offered land in return for their assistance in protecting the estates. Former tenant farmers and slaves of Rome became the peasants who worked for the landed upper class in return for a protected place to live. Some small landowners willing gave up their land to the nobles in order to have a safe haven. Nobles who had the land also had the political power. He made all the laws for his fief
- The relationship between lords and vassals made up a big part of the political and social structure of the feudal system. Based on ties of loyalty and duty among nobles Nobles were both lords and vassals Ties were made official by the “act of homage” Fiefs were given to vassals by lords Lords gave vassals the right to govern the people who lived on their fiefs Lords promised to give protection to the vassals Breaking the feudal contract could mean loss of land Vassals had certain duties to perform for the lord. Helped the lord in battle Participated personally in military service 40 – 60 days a year Gave money when the lord’s daughters married and when sons were knighted Paid the lord’s ransom or took his place if he was captured Attended the lord’s court Provided food and entertainment when the lord visited All nobles were ultimately vassals of the king. Nobles provided the king with knights to form an army for defense and conquest Because of this, the real power belonged to the nobles.
- Almost all nobles were knights Society made up of three groups – nobles, clergy and peasants and townspeople Knight’s training: Began at age 7 as a page Under guidance of the lady of the manor - Taught courtly manners, sometimes reading, music, dancing – all the necessities of a noble - Ran errands and served her in return Also began serving the knights performing simple tasks Became a squire at age 15 and placed under guidance of a knight - Taught the skills of knighthood, especially horsemanship and combat skills. - Followed knight into battle and helped him if he was wounded or fell off his horse If proven to be a good fighter he was rewarded by being made a knight - Special ceremony known as dubbing Knights were expected to follow certain rules known as the code of chivalry Knights trained for war by fighting each other in tournaments Most popular form of entertainment during the Middle Ages Popular event was joust
- There were two groups of workers on the manor Freemen: Usually had a skill needed by others on the manor Included seneschals and bailiffs who helped run the manor - Seneschals looked after fiefs by visiting each regularly - Bailif made sure peasants worked - Towns (called shires) also had peace-keepers known as reeves Serfs: Required to work the noble’s land Also worked their own land and gave a part of their crops to the noble Had no freedom – they were the noble’s property Peasants had no political power