The document provides definitions for 17 terms related to medieval Europe. It defines noble as a person of high birth or title. It defines hierarchy as a system that organizes people into ranks with higher ranks having more power. It defines armor as a metal or leather covering worn for protection in fighting. It defines the pope as the bishop of Rome and leader of the Roman Catholic Church. The document also defines feudalism as the economic and political system of medieval Europe. It defines a knight as an armored warrior, usually on horseback. It defines a monarch as a ruler like a king or queen. It defines chivalry as the medieval knights' code of behavior. It defines other terms related to the social

1. Chapter 2 Study Guide
Review

2. 1. Noble
R: A person of high rank by birth or title.

3. 2. hierarchy
L: A system of organizing people into ranks, with
those of higher rank having more power and
privileges.

4. 3. armor
C: A covering, usually made of metal or leather, worn
to protect the body during fighting.

5. 4. pope
M: The bishop of Rome and the supreme leader of
the Roman Catholic Church.

6. 5. Feudalism
J: The economic and political system that developed
in Europe during the Middle Ages.

7. 6. knight
Q: An armored warrior...usually on horseback.

8. 7. monarch
P: A ruler, such as a king or queen.

9. 8. chivalry
B: The medieval knights’ code of behavior

10. 9. fief
E: Land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for
loyalty and service.

11. 10. divine right of kings
K: The belief that God gives monarch the right to rule

12. 11. Roman Catholic Church
D: The Christian Church headed by the pope in
Rome.

13. 12. lord
A: A ruler or a powerful landowner

14. 13. Manor
F: A large estate, including farmland, villages, castle,
church, held by a lord.

15. 14. peasant
I: In feudalism, a person who worked the land.

16. 15. duke
H: The highest type of European noble, ranking just
below a prince.

17. 16. Christianity
O: A religion based on the life of Jesus Christ.

18. 17. moat
N: A deep, wide ditch, often filled with water.

19. 18. barbarian
G: A person belonging to a tribe or group that is
considered uncivilized.

20. 19. Using Einhard article given to you in class, write a well thought out explanation
how Einhard viewed Charlemagne as a leader. Use details from the article to help
make a strong statement.
Answers will vary.
My Opinion: Einhard had great admiration towards Charlemagne
as a person as well as father. Einhard noted in his article that
Charlemagne had the gift of ready and fluent speech, and could
express whatever he had to say with the utmost clearness. This
statement tells me that Charlemagne thought carefully of not
only his speech, but how he was going to say it which is an
excellent quality for a leader. Einhard also stated that
Charlemagne was a great protector of his children and would
often keep them close to him and have meals with them every
day. I could envision that Charlemagne must act the same way
towards his troops/advisors in a leadership role.

21. 20. How many acres were usually given to a
lord/vassal?
A lord would get anywhere between 1200 to 1800
acres of land.

22. 21. What is the role of the
monarch?
A Monarch is expected to keep order and to provide
protection for his/her vassals. Vassals are the
monarch’s most important lords and the monarch
gives pieces of land to these lords in return for
protection IF the monarch gets into trouble.

23. 22. What is the role of a
lord/vassal?
It was the lord’s responsibility to manage and defend
his land.
The lord made sure that everyone within his land
were doing their jobs.

24. 23. What is the role of a
knight?
Knights were expected to be loyal to their church and
their lord, to be just and fair, and to protect the
helpless.
Knights main role was to train to fight.

25. 24. What is the role of a
peasant?
The peasants were required to work the land so this
freed up the lords and knights to prepare for war or
fighting.

26. 25. Reviewing these terms: head money, tallage, merchet. How do these terms
define a peasant’s life on a feudal manor?
Head money: Yearly Tax which was the same for
every person.
Tallage: A tax that the lord can demand if the lord
needed money.
Merchet: This is a tax when a woman married, this tax
was paid by the bride’s father or her husband.
My opinion: These terms tell me that the peasants
were heavily taxed and that they were expected to
give the lord not only a payment in physical labor, but
also their payment in taxes as well.

27. 26. Label the feudal hierarchy.
Monarch
(King/Queen)
Lords/Nobles
Knights
Peasants

28. 27. What does this picture tell you about
feudalism?
This picture displays
feudalism to me
because it shows how a
vassal (lesser lord) is
showing loyalty and
respect to the higher
lord or monarch.
Loyalty and respect are
two qualities that are
definitely needed in the
feudal system.

29. 28. Do you believe that feudalism worked in England?
Explain your answer with details from your notes in order
to make a strong statement.
Answers will vary.
My Opinion: I believe that feudalism worked in
England because it restored order during a time when
there were many hostile invasions and it created a
system of obtaining money at every level of the feudal
hierarchy. The only thing that I did not like about the
feudal system was the lack of advancement within the
classes. It was unfortunate that many people stayed
within their own social class their entire lives without
hope of moving up the feudal ladder.