The building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist state.
It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow, and dramatic intensity.
Renaissance
“ Rebirth”
Revival of artistic achievements based on classical world.
‘Rebirth’ of classical Greek and Roman. The movement started in Italy.
During this era, people began to research the culture of the antique world.
The period was triggered by the increasing sophistication of the society, where economic growth, educational pursuits and political stability were key factors.
The limits of renaissance architecture was pushed by wealthy patrons such as Medic family of Florence, Pope Leo X and Pope Julius II
Characteristics
Building was looked upon as works of art. It followed traditions of middle ages that did not separate the structure from the decoration.
In situ construction hence harmony was given between the jointing and the architectural features.
Standardization of classic roman orders- Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian & Composite and its reintroduction both structurally and decoratively.
An art of free expression : Architecture became to a great extent a personal art due to the fancy of individual architects, many of whom founded schools of design.
A building was regarded rather as a picture with pleasing combinations of lines and masses
Symmetry and proportion
Appearance of building less in size than in reality due to the largeness and fewness of the parts used.
Towers used sparsely, if used occur symmetrically located.
Interiors planed on roman principles.
Ashlar masonry construction
Materials are large, and carry out the Classic idea of fewness of parts .
Gable end , formed as pediments either pitched or semicircular
Vaults are of simple Roman form
The Classic columns and orders were revived and used decoratively .
The principal cornice plays an important part in the style.
Mouldings produced an effect of horizontality.
Stained glass was little used
Sgraffito – coloured plaster was applied.
Efficiency in the crafts.
Italian Renaissance - Palazzo Ricardi, St. Peters Basilica, Rome, Villa Capra, Vicenza
⦁ Italian Renaissance is divided into three periods
Early Renaissance (Early 15th century)
Includes the works of Brunelleschi & Michelozzo. The concepts of architectural orders were explored, rules were formulated & classical detail & ornamentation was adopted. Space was organized by proportional logic & its form was subject to geometry. Ex. Basilica Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence by Brunelleschi.
II. High Renaissance (Late 15th to Early 16th century)
Renaissance became an individual style in its own right
Purist or Palladian, where Roman tradition was held in high respect (represented by Andrea Palladio)
Proto-Baroque, where there was more confidence in using the acquired vocabulary freely (represented by Michelangelo)
Mannerist, where practices which had no Roman precedent were interspersed with the usual buildings. Eg: Bramante
III. Baroque Period (17th century)
Architects worked with freedom and firmly-acquired knowledge.
A ppt on Baroque style and its architectural features, with St.Paul's Cathedral as an example of that period.
Its structural features etc.
Like if this helped you and suggest for ppts on other topics
All the data is collected from net and may overlap with other ppts here and data from sites like wikepedia, etc.
Neoclassical style produced both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque.
Renaissance
“ Rebirth”
Revival of artistic achievements based on classical world.
‘Rebirth’ of classical Greek and Roman. The movement started in Italy.
During this era, people began to research the culture of the antique world.
The period was triggered by the increasing sophistication of the society, where economic growth, educational pursuits and political stability were key factors.
The limits of renaissance architecture was pushed by wealthy patrons such as Medic family of Florence, Pope Leo X and Pope Julius II
Characteristics
Building was looked upon as works of art. It followed traditions of middle ages that did not separate the structure from the decoration.
In situ construction hence harmony was given between the jointing and the architectural features.
Standardization of classic roman orders- Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian & Composite and its reintroduction both structurally and decoratively.
An art of free expression : Architecture became to a great extent a personal art due to the fancy of individual architects, many of whom founded schools of design.
A building was regarded rather as a picture with pleasing combinations of lines and masses
Symmetry and proportion
Appearance of building less in size than in reality due to the largeness and fewness of the parts used.
Towers used sparsely, if used occur symmetrically located.
Interiors planed on roman principles.
Ashlar masonry construction
Materials are large, and carry out the Classic idea of fewness of parts .
Gable end , formed as pediments either pitched or semicircular
Vaults are of simple Roman form
The Classic columns and orders were revived and used decoratively .
The principal cornice plays an important part in the style.
Mouldings produced an effect of horizontality.
Stained glass was little used
Sgraffito – coloured plaster was applied.
Efficiency in the crafts.
Italian Renaissance - Palazzo Ricardi, St. Peters Basilica, Rome, Villa Capra, Vicenza
⦁ Italian Renaissance is divided into three periods
Early Renaissance (Early 15th century)
Includes the works of Brunelleschi & Michelozzo. The concepts of architectural orders were explored, rules were formulated & classical detail & ornamentation was adopted. Space was organized by proportional logic & its form was subject to geometry. Ex. Basilica Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence by Brunelleschi.
II. High Renaissance (Late 15th to Early 16th century)
Renaissance became an individual style in its own right
Purist or Palladian, where Roman tradition was held in high respect (represented by Andrea Palladio)
Proto-Baroque, where there was more confidence in using the acquired vocabulary freely (represented by Michelangelo)
Mannerist, where practices which had no Roman precedent were interspersed with the usual buildings. Eg: Bramante
III. Baroque Period (17th century)
Architects worked with freedom and firmly-acquired knowledge.
A ppt on Baroque style and its architectural features, with St.Paul's Cathedral as an example of that period.
Its structural features etc.
Like if this helped you and suggest for ppts on other topics
All the data is collected from net and may overlap with other ppts here and data from sites like wikepedia, etc.
Neoclassical style produced both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque.
Romanesque Architecture in Europe
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe, characterized by semi-circular arches, and evolving into the Gothic style, characterized by pointed arches, beginning in the 12th century. Although there is no consensus for the beginning date of the style, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 10th centuries, examples can be found across the continent, making Romanesque architecture the first pan-European architectural style since Imperial Roman Architecture. The Romanesque style in England is more traditionally referred to as Norman architecture.
Hagia Sofia was built between 532 and 537, as a Christian church. It has influenced architects ever since. The circular dome covering a square base was developed at the same time as the Basilica plan of the Early Christian churches, in Italy. The Byzantine dome was later adopted into Islamic architecture. However, the Roman dome was constructed differently. Romans placed their dome over a solid circle of walling, best seen in the example of the Pantheon in Rome, instead of using the pendentives (an architectural feature).
However, one shared feature of the time between the two styles was the use of opaque glass mosaics in the interior decoration, covering the walls.
The Hagia Sofia plan is basically an inscribed Greek cross. The hall has four piers at the corners of the square rising in circular arches to support a central dome by means of four pendentives. The upper galleries were used by the women, and were reached by steps inside the building. Much of Hagia Sofia's appeal comes from its size. The inside is dominated by the central dome over 30.5 metres in diameter.
Today after about 1500 years of continue used, Hagia Sofia still dominates the skyline of the Bosphorus. It is truly a milestone, among the world’s greatest architectural achievements, a testament of the sophistication of the 6C Byzantine Empire.
Michelangelo is widely regarded as the most famous artist of the Italian Renaissance. Among his works are the "David" and "Pieta" statues and the Sistine Chapel frescoes.
Today, in many parts of Japan and the western parts of the world the traditions of Japanese garden art are still maintained. The intensity of expression, continue to inspire many artists that aspire to create a personal Japanese garden of their own. They are popularly known as zen gardens.
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingRohit Bhatt
As well as the comforts and luxuries of modern living Plumbing systems protect the community from disease.
Invisible organisms that swim around in a watery environment was beyond imagination until a few centuries ago, it was only in the late 19th century that scientists discovered and isolated specific microbes of particular a disease, cholera, has proven one of history’s most virulent killers.
Mankind began to understand that the evil spirits causing its woes were microscopic creatures that could be defeated by plumbers and sanitary engineers. With well designed plumbing and draining systems.
As we go about our everyday lives it is comforting to know that people’s lives are protected by having Correctly Installed and maintained Plumbing Gasfitting and Draining Systems.
The arrangemnet provided in a house or building, for collecting and conveying waste
water through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic
septic tank, is termed as house drainage or building drainage.
Deccan architecture is derived from sultans of Delhi and Persian architecture.
Delhi influence was brought by Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq in 1340 when he shifted his capital to Daulatabad.
Artisans were brought from Delhi.
Rulers arrived from Persian gulf to west of India giving ready access to Bahamani kingdom.
First independent ruler Ala-Ud-Din Hassan Bahaman Shah was an Persian adventurer from court of Tuglaq
In the early 18th century , countries vied with each other to expand their empires and the aristrocracy emphasized its position with lavish displays of wealth and luxury.
ROCOCO STYLE:-
Pieces of furniture were smaller, lighter, and more curvaceous in form than earlier styles, often with curved cabriole legs and pad or claw and ball feet.
Free standing tables no longer had cross strechers and pedestal legs were replaced by cabriole legs with a double s- curve.
The property of surface by which sound energy (kinetic energy) is converted into other form of energy, generally heat energy (due to friction) and get absorbed.
There is no royal road for making a particular room acoustically good. It mainly depends on the ideas of the engineer or the Architect. Each case is to be studied separately and after proper thinking and calculations, suitable materials may be specified.
Description of various types of partition and their method of installation with their pros and cons.
Types of adhesives with their detailed description.
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2. The building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-
century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance
architecture and used it in a new theatrical fashion, often to
express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist
state.
It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and
shadow, and dramatic intensity.
In Spain the term 'Baroque' originally denoted an irregular,
oddly-shaped pearl, whereas in Italy it meant a pedantic,
contorted argument of little dialectic value.
Instead of straight lines of classicism, curved and broken line
appeared.
Decoration became more important and elaborate, and shapes
became more complex.
3. As the 16th century unfolded, the religious, political and philosophical
certainties which had prevailed during the Early (c.1400-85) and High
(1486-1520) Renaissance periods, began to unravel.
In 1517, Martin Luther sparked the Protestant Reformation, casting
European-wide doubt on the integrity and theology of the Roman
Church. This was the catalyst for several wars involving France, Italy,
Spain and England, and led directly to the Counter-Reformation
movement, launched by Rome, to attract the masses away from
Protestantism.
For the rest of the century, this more dynamic style was known as
Mannerism (style-ishness), and thereafter, Baroque - a term derived
from the Portugese word barocco, meaning 'an irregular pearl'.
4. Baroque architecture and its embellishments were on the one
hand more accessible to the emotions and on the other hand, a
visible statement of the wealth and power of the Church.
The new style manifested itself in particular in the context of the
new religious orders, like the Theatines and the Jesuits who
aimed to improve popular piety.
A synthesis of Bernini, Borromini and Cortona’s architecture can
be seen in the late Baroque architecture of northern Europe
which paved the way for the more decorative Rococo style.
In general, Baroque architecture constituted part of the struggle
for religious superiority and for the hearts and minds of
worshippers across Europe.
5. Michelangelo's late Roman buildings, particularly St. Peter's
Basilica, may be considered precursors to Baroque
architecture.
His pupil Giacomo della Porta continued this work in Rome,
particularly in the façade of the Jesuit church Il Gesù, which
leads directly to the most important church façade of the early
Baroque, Santa Susanna (1603), by Carlo Maderno.
Its facade is "the first truly baroque façade", introducing the
baroque style into architecture.
6. Baroque paintings are brilliant, colourful, theatrical and
passionate.
They are fascinated with light, they have used light and colour
to dissolve form, by having dark background.
Portrayed emotional intensity- facial expressions and dramatic
movements.
The skills of reproducing reallistic effects in all media were
developed, e.g.- marble, oil on canvas, etching etc.
Boroque mingled what was real with what was only apparent-
created a feeling of illusion.
8. The foremost pioneer of Baroque architecture was Carlo
Maderno, whose masterpiece is the facade of Saint Peter's
Basilica, Vatican City. (Constructed under various architects
throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Saint
Peter's features a mixture of Renaissance and Baroque
components, the facade being one of the latter.)
Prior to Maderno, Saint Peter's had featured a central plan
design, upon which various architects had worked (especially
Michelangelo). Maderno converted the building into a Latin
cross basilica by extending the nave, thus pushing the main
entrance of the church forward. Saint Peter's can therefore be
roughly divided into two parts: the core (designed largely by
Michelangelo) and the front extension (designed by Maderno).
The great dome of Saint Peter's is also chiefly Michelangelo's
work, though Maderno did adjust its proportions (by stretching it
vertically).
14. The two foremost names in Baroque architecture are Bernini
and Borromini, both of whom worked primarily in Rome.
15. Two masterpieces of Gian Lorenzo Bernini are found at St
Peter's. One is the four-story baldachin that stands over the
high altar.(A baldachin is an indoor canopy over a respected
object, such as an altar or throne.) The other is the curving
colonnades that frame St Peter's Square.
16. Bernini's most famous building is likely the small church of
Sant'Andrea al Quirinale ("Saint Andrew's on Quirinal Hill").
Quirinal hill is one of the "seven hills of Rome".
17. Bernini's most famous
building is likely the small
church of Sant'Andrea al
Quirinale ("Saint Andrew's
on Quirinal Hill"). Quirinal
hill is one of the "seven hills
of Rome".
18. Francesco Borromini was the master of curved-wall
architecture. Though he designed many large buildings,
Borromini's most famous and influential work may be the small
church of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane ("Saint Charles at the
Four Fountains"). This building is also found on Quirinal Hill.
19.
20. The Late Baroque marks the ascent of France as the heart of
Western culture. Baroque art of France (and northern Europe
generally) tends to be restrained, such that it can be described
as a classical-Baroque compromise. The most distinctive
element of French Baroque architecture is the double-sloped
mansard roof (a French innovation).
21. The most famous Baroque structures of France are magnificent
chateaux (grand country residences), greatest of which is the
Palace of Versailles. One of the largest residences on earth,
Versailles was built mainly under Louis XIV, whose patronage of
the arts helped propel France to the crest of Western culture.
22. The palace facade admirably illustrates the classical-Baroque
compromise of northern Europe. The walls are characterized
largely by simple planar classicism, although they do contain
such Baroque elements as sculpted busts, a triple stringcourse,
double pilasters, and colossal pilasters.
Additionally, the mansard roof features a sinuous metal railing
and rich moulding around the dormer windows. Versailles
became Europe's model of palace architecture, inspiring
similarly grand residences throughout the continent.
25. WETENBERG ABBEY
CHURCHThe abbey is situated on a peninsula in the Danube, on the so-called
"Wetenberg Narrows" or the "Danube Gorge". The monastery,
founded by Irish or Scottish monks in about 620, is held to be the
oldest monastery in Bavaria.
26.
27. In this church they use the lighting effects which
called chiaroscuro.
Chiaroscuro is a type of lighting effects, which
means dark and light effects.
Chiaroscuro literally means clear-obscure or light-
dark. It refers to the use of strong contrast or
unusual lighting to create a strong dramatic effect in
art.
Chiaroscuro is of Latin origin with Chiaro meaning
‘light’ or ‘clear’ & ‘oscuro’ meaning ‘obscure’ or
‘dark.’
31. WEINGAR
TEN
ABBEY
CHURCH
Weingarten Abbey or St.
Martin's Abbey is a
Benedictine monastery on
the Martinsberg (St. Martin's
Mount) in Weingarten near
Ravensburg in Baden
Württemberg (Germany).
32. This church have rich decoration and interior.
Coffered dome is use in abbey church.
Coffered roof make dome high.
Building
The current church was built between 1715 and
1724 in the Italian-German Baroque style
according to plans by Franz Beer. The church is
the second largest church in Germany, and is the
largest Baroque church in Germany. The 102
meter long church is known as the "Swabian St.
Peter's" since this church is almost exactly one-
half the size of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.