This PowerPoint addresses how bullying & harassment are not simply youth problems and behaviors, but rather, it looks at the ways that young people often acquire bullying and harassing attitudes and behaviors from the larger society through process of “social learning.”
Based on Peggy McIntosh’s (1988) pioneering investigations of white and male privilege, we can, by analogy, understand heterosexual and cisgender privilege as constituting a seemingly invisible, unearned, and largely unacknowledged array of benefits accorded to heterosexuals and cisgender people with which they often unconsciously walk through life as if effortlessly carrying knapsacks tossed over their shoulders. This presentation examines the contents of these knapsacks.
Unpacking Christian Privilege in a Nation Asserting "Religious Pluralism"Warren Blumenfeld
Christian hegemony I define as the overarching system of advantages bestowed on Christians. It is the institutionalization of a Christian norm or standard, which establishes and perpetuates the notion that all people are or should be Christian, thereby privileging Christians and Christianity, and excluding the needs, concerns, religious cultural practices, and life experiences of people who are not Christian. At times subtle and often overt, Christian hegemony is oppression by neglect, omission, erasure, and distortion, and also by design and intent. This unique slide presentation investigates the concept and realities of Christian privilege.
Based on Peggy McIntosh’s (1988) pioneering investigations of white and male privilege, we can, by analogy, understand heterosexual and cisgender privilege as constituting a seemingly invisible, unearned, and largely unacknowledged array of benefits accorded to heterosexuals and cisgender people with which they often unconsciously walk through life as if effortlessly carrying knapsacks tossed over their shoulders. This presentation examines the contents of these knapsacks.
Unpacking Christian Privilege in a Nation Asserting "Religious Pluralism"Warren Blumenfeld
Christian hegemony I define as the overarching system of advantages bestowed on Christians. It is the institutionalization of a Christian norm or standard, which establishes and perpetuates the notion that all people are or should be Christian, thereby privileging Christians and Christianity, and excluding the needs, concerns, religious cultural practices, and life experiences of people who are not Christian. At times subtle and often overt, Christian hegemony is oppression by neglect, omission, erasure, and distortion, and also by design and intent. This unique slide presentation investigates the concept and realities of Christian privilege.
On the Social Construction of Homosexuality and Trans Identities as Deviancy ...Warren Blumenfeld
Rather than considering homosexuality, bisexuality, and gender diversity merely as emotional, gender, and sexual differences along a broad spectrum of human potential, some sectors of the medical, psychological, political, and religious communities force pathologizing language onto people with same-sex and both-sex attractions, and those who cross traditional constructions of gender identities and expression. This presentation investigates the history of the "medicalization" of LGBT people from without, and the struggles to reclaim the liberty of self-defining themselves from within.
Overview of the African American Civil Rights movement in the 1950s & 1960s. Modified from "Unit 9 Power Point Civil Rights Unit" by Crosswinds High School.
This powerpoint focused on the images children view and how it shapes the way they live their lives. I recommend discussion about the topic rather than ignoring the problem.
SocializationWhat is SocializationSocializa.docxsamuel699872
Socialization
What is Socialization?
Socialization
Socialization is the lifelong process through which people learn attitudes, values and behaviors to a particular culture. Internalizing culture = socialization
In short, socialization is a constant learning process.
Socialization (or learning) is both formal and informal.
Formal: Police officers are formally taught in the academy.
Informal: Police officers learn informal behavior from the streets and their veteran partners.
Isolation & Socialization
Isolation: To cut off from groups and individuals.
To what extent was Isabelle cut off from others?
For her first 6 years, Isabelle lived in a dark room, a storage room.
Isabelle’s mother could not speak or hear.
Isabelle’s grandparents were ashamed and kept her hidden.
When found, Isabelle could not speak, laugh, cry or smile.
She had no verbal, and few non-verbal skills.
Isabelle’s case reveals that w/out social experience, an individual remains more of an object than a person.
Emotionless
Emotional
Socialization and Isolation
Note the cases of isolation with Genie and Danielle.
Such children have difficulty recovering from the lack of socialization.
Genie (13 years) was discovered by California authorities in 1970.
Genie had been kept in isolation since she was 20 months old.
In Plant City, Florida (2005), Danielle was discovered.
Danielle lived was in a trash-filled house, in a room filled with dirty diapers.
When found, she was almost 7 and weighed 46 pounds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_IBGS1FQw4
Oprah update on Danielle
Danielle
Danielle & Socialization
Danielle represents the importance of socialization, the importance of social interaction.
Isolation raises questions of child abuse and ethics.
It is difficult to be socialized in a state of isolation.
What should be done with parents who isolate children?
Danielle & Genie reveal that w/out social experience, an individual remains more of an object than a person.
Babies Experimenting with Sound
Babies mimick what they hear even before they know any words.
See YouTube video “Talking Twin Babies – Part 2.”
Two 17-month-olds “talk” back and forth, saying little more than “da da da”.
They “talked” with expression, hand gestures, turn taking and laughter.
They knew what language sounded like.
They learned (socialization) through interaction with family, friends and others. Page 71…
Nature and Nurture
Nature: Human behavior is instinctive. Significance of Heredity.
Charles Darwin supports naturalistic explanations (instinctive human competitiveness).
Examples: People are born criminals, women are naturally emotional & men are naturally rational.
Nurture: Human behavior is learned.
John B Watson supports nurture; he developed a theory called behaviorism.
Behaviorism suggest that human behavior is learned, not instinctive.
Human behavior is shaped by people’s environments.
Nature/Nurture Interplay
What role does biology play in human development?.
On the Social Construction of Homosexuality and Trans Identities as Deviancy ...Warren Blumenfeld
Rather than considering homosexuality, bisexuality, and gender diversity merely as emotional, gender, and sexual differences along a broad spectrum of human potential, some sectors of the medical, psychological, political, and religious communities force pathologizing language onto people with same-sex and both-sex attractions, and those who cross traditional constructions of gender identities and expression. This presentation investigates the history of the "medicalization" of LGBT people from without, and the struggles to reclaim the liberty of self-defining themselves from within.
Overview of the African American Civil Rights movement in the 1950s & 1960s. Modified from "Unit 9 Power Point Civil Rights Unit" by Crosswinds High School.
This powerpoint focused on the images children view and how it shapes the way they live their lives. I recommend discussion about the topic rather than ignoring the problem.
SocializationWhat is SocializationSocializa.docxsamuel699872
Socialization
What is Socialization?
Socialization
Socialization is the lifelong process through which people learn attitudes, values and behaviors to a particular culture. Internalizing culture = socialization
In short, socialization is a constant learning process.
Socialization (or learning) is both formal and informal.
Formal: Police officers are formally taught in the academy.
Informal: Police officers learn informal behavior from the streets and their veteran partners.
Isolation & Socialization
Isolation: To cut off from groups and individuals.
To what extent was Isabelle cut off from others?
For her first 6 years, Isabelle lived in a dark room, a storage room.
Isabelle’s mother could not speak or hear.
Isabelle’s grandparents were ashamed and kept her hidden.
When found, Isabelle could not speak, laugh, cry or smile.
She had no verbal, and few non-verbal skills.
Isabelle’s case reveals that w/out social experience, an individual remains more of an object than a person.
Emotionless
Emotional
Socialization and Isolation
Note the cases of isolation with Genie and Danielle.
Such children have difficulty recovering from the lack of socialization.
Genie (13 years) was discovered by California authorities in 1970.
Genie had been kept in isolation since she was 20 months old.
In Plant City, Florida (2005), Danielle was discovered.
Danielle lived was in a trash-filled house, in a room filled with dirty diapers.
When found, she was almost 7 and weighed 46 pounds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_IBGS1FQw4
Oprah update on Danielle
Danielle
Danielle & Socialization
Danielle represents the importance of socialization, the importance of social interaction.
Isolation raises questions of child abuse and ethics.
It is difficult to be socialized in a state of isolation.
What should be done with parents who isolate children?
Danielle & Genie reveal that w/out social experience, an individual remains more of an object than a person.
Babies Experimenting with Sound
Babies mimick what they hear even before they know any words.
See YouTube video “Talking Twin Babies – Part 2.”
Two 17-month-olds “talk” back and forth, saying little more than “da da da”.
They “talked” with expression, hand gestures, turn taking and laughter.
They knew what language sounded like.
They learned (socialization) through interaction with family, friends and others. Page 71…
Nature and Nurture
Nature: Human behavior is instinctive. Significance of Heredity.
Charles Darwin supports naturalistic explanations (instinctive human competitiveness).
Examples: People are born criminals, women are naturally emotional & men are naturally rational.
Nurture: Human behavior is learned.
John B Watson supports nurture; he developed a theory called behaviorism.
Behaviorism suggest that human behavior is learned, not instinctive.
Human behavior is shaped by people’s environments.
Nature/Nurture Interplay
What role does biology play in human development?.
SOC350 Cultural DiversityPaige MasseyA person has just start.docxpbilly1
SOC350 Cultural Diversity
Paige Massey
A person has just started a world travel experience, and here they land in Japan where they will be spending a night with a welcoming host family. Everything is fantastic the guest speaks a small bit of Japanese and is able to communicate with them. The guest is invited to a family dinner in their house. As the meal begins the entire family is enjoying the food so much that it is increasing the guest’s biggest pet peeve, slurping the food. Little does the guest know that their pet peeve is a sign of appreciation in the country of Japan. The guest is not participating in the slurping as they were taught that slurping was an activity that was looked down upon by Americans. This is an example of a social faux pas in the country of Japan. Personally a social faux pas that really turns me off is hacking and spitting in public areas. It just creates the heebe jeebes because I was taught social ettique. Can words breach the idea of social ettique, or is it just considered social faux pas?
A social faux pas can be confused with microaggressions. Microaggressions are defined as acts of mostly non physical aggression -- they are common place verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities that can be intentional or unintentional and communicate derogatory slights. Racial microaggressions suggests that people of color endure physical and physiological distress (Robinson-Wood et al., 2018). These microaggressions occur across many different identities such as skin color, body size, mental ability, age, and social class. When a person fits into multiple identities that overlap such as being gay and black, can experience more microaggressions versus a person who is white and gay. There are a lot of words that describe microaggressions, but what actually is an example of microaggressions?
If you have ever walked through Target wearing khakis and a red shirt and automatically being asked to help a customer, you have experienced a microaggression. You were assumed to be in a service role just because of the clothes you were wearing. According to Byrd, some examples of microaggressions include being stared at in the dining hall, asking an Asian person “you must be good at math, can you help me with this problem?”, or when someone merely crosses a street to avoid a person of color (Byrd, 2018). People are not necessarily conscious of these actions. It can be a taught attribute; like crossing the road to avoid a person of color, the person’s parent could have been thinking they are protecting the child from a potentially scary situation like a mugging. The child then learned that they should avoid any colored person on the street. The unconscious nature of humans can lead to some hurtful actions.
Microaggressions can cause a toll on a person’s mind. It can take a lot of thinking to try and make sense of the interpersonal interactions. This characteristic is known as attributional ambiguity. The expenditure of cognitive e.
Chapter 4SocializationThis Chapter Will Help YouDefinWilheminaRossi174
Chapter 4
Socialization
This Chapter Will Help You:
Define and understand the role of socialization
Understand and critique the nature/nurture debate in relation to sociology
Outline the agents of socialization
Compare and contrast primary and secondary socialization
Define resocialization
Summarize the theoretical approaches to socialization
Defining Socialization
Socialization involves social learning through social interaction
It helps an individual become a capable member of their society
It is influenced by our social class, ethnicity, gender, etc.
The Influence of Nature
Biological Determinism
The argument that our behaviour is determined by our genetic makeup
Seeks evidence of the biological roots of behaviour
Argues that behaviour evolves over time to secure the survival of the species
The Influence of Nurture
We are products of our environment
Our behaviour is the product of social interactions and learning
The social environment is crucial to an individual’s socialization
Isolation in Non-Human Primates
Harlow researched the effects of maternal separation and social isolation in rhesus monkeys
Lack of social interaction had significant consequences such as fear or hostility
Isolation in Humans – Feral Children
Children who are assumed to have been raised by animals
The Case of Victor
A boy was discovered in a forest in 18th century France
He was 11 years old and it was assumed that he had lived alone in the forest for 5 or 6 years
A doctor who attempted to socialize him was partially successful
He was never able to speak
Isolation in Humans – The Case of Anna
Anna was discovered in 1932 at the age of 6
She had been locked in a storage room her entire life
She had no social skills and could not speak
She began to show improvement after her discovery but died at the age of 10
Isolation in Humans – The Case of Genie
Genie was discovered at the age of 13 in 1972
She had been locked in a room and tied down from the age of 20 months
She was studied and taught by experts at a children’s hospital
She acquired some skills but could not fully recover from the isolation and neglect
The Turpins – Isolation and Child Abuse
The Turpins kept their 13 children locked in dark rooms or chained to their beds
The children were severely malnourished and dirty
Yet this is the image the parents put out on social media
Primary Socialization
The learning that occurs in an individual's earliest years
It sets the tone for future development
It usually occurs in family settings
Children learn language, norms, values, beliefs, and social skills
Secondary Socialization
This is the socialization that occurs past childhood and throughout adulthood
It is more limited than primary socialization
It has less effect on our self-image
Individuals learn specific roles, norms, attitudes, and beliefs for different adult situations
Functionalist Approach
Social integration:
Socialization teaches people how to integrate in ...
Why NYU Essay Samples To Help You To Apply To A College. Nyu Essay Prompts 2023 | 2023 Calendar. Reflection Essay: Nyu essay prompts. FINAL NYU ESSAY - Please provide a statement that addresses your .... 003 Essay Example Nyu Prompt Application Question Mba Admission .... Nyu Essays That Worked. 006 Law School Application Essay Good Personal Statement Example Nyu .... 021 Nyu Essay Prompt Help Application Question Questions College .... 002 Nyu Response 14 Page 1 Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. ️ Essay prompt examples. How to Tackle the Why NYU Essay Prompt (with .... School Essay: Nyu college essay. Nyu Essay Help , How to Tackle the Why NYU Essay Prompt (with Examples!). Writing paper: Nyu essay prompt. Does Nyu Have Supplemental Essays? All Answers - Musicbykatie.com. 018 Why Nyu Essay Sample Example Us6251684 ~ Thatsnotus. Nyu college essay - The Best Place to Buy Same day essay.. Why NYU Essay Examples, Checkout Latest Samples and Writing Guide .... Business Paper: Nyu essay prompt. 019 Why Nyu Essay Sample Example College Transfer ~ Thatsnotus. Unforgettable Why Nyu Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Nyu Applicant Essay. 2020-2021 NYU Stern Essay Analysis + Downloadable Sample Essays - Ellin .... Why NYU Essay: Best Guide to Write NYU Application Essay. Nyu writing essay help: High School Programs. How to Write the "Why NYU?" Essay. College Essay for NYU - YouTube. Reasons to Choose New York University Essay Example | Topics and Well ... Nyu Essay Prompts
Conversion, Expulsion, Extermination: A History of Anti-Jewish Oppression – P...Warren Blumenfeld
Throughout the ages, a recurring cycle has developed against the Jewish people: from Conversion (you can’t live among us as Jews), to Expulsion (you can’t live among us), to Extermination (you can’t live). This unique PowerPoint presentation investigates the long history of anti-Jewish oppression and some of the reasons for its formation and perpetuation.
This presentation outlines the early history of the town of Amherst, Massachusetts and its controversial namesake, Jeffery Amherst who conspired to commit genocide upon indigenous peoples in the area.
Though politicians and members of their constituencies argue immigration policy from seemingly infinite perspectives and sides, one point stands clear and definite: decisions as to who can enter the United States and who can eventually gain citizenship status generally depends of issues of “race,” for U.S. immigration systems reflect and serve as the country’s official “racial” policies.
The U.S. ranks first among 230 countries for the highest rate of firearm ownership. On average, each year firearms account for approximately 11,000 homicides, another 22,000 suicides and accidental deaths, and many more injuries. In the wake of these fatalities and high-visibility mass shootings, a very contentious debate has continued in the U.S. regarding the role and future of firearms. This unique PowerPoint presentation addresses many of the concerns and suggests practical solutions.
This presentation includes the most banned and censored books in the United States between 2000 - 2020 as documented by the American Library Association's finding, and the reasons given by those who challenged these books.
An essential tenet of liberation is having the freedom to define oneself and the power over one’s own life. The presentation offers educational resources to discuss the concept of “liberation” on the personal, interpersonal, institutional, and larger societal levels.
Hegemonic Representations of Minoritized Peoples in U.S. Popular CultureWarren Blumenfeld
Throughout history, many dominant groups have represented target groups (sometimes called “minoritized” groups) in negative ways to maintain control & domination. This is expressed often through Myths, Stereotypes, Proverbs, Commentary, Literature, Jokes, Epithets, Pictorial Depictions, “Art,” Advertisements, & Other Forms. This presentation views some of those representations in popular U.S. culture.
Social Reproduction Theory and Cultural & Social CapitalWarren Blumenfeld
This presentation outlines Social Reproduction Theory, which asserts that schools reproduce the social inequities, especially in terms of socioeconomic class and race, that exist in the larger society. In addition, it addresses the concepts of social and cultural capital arguing that culture and education are central in the affirmation of differences between social classes and in the reproduction of those differences.
This presentation investigates how notion of “race” is socially constructed. It arose concurrently with the advent of European exploration as a justification and rationale for conquest and domination of the globe beginning in the 15th century of the Common Era. Therefore, “race” is an historical, “scientific,” and biological myth. It is an idea. Geneticists tell us that there is often more variability within a given so-called “race” than between “races,” and that there are no essential genetic markers linked specifically to “race.”
Conversion, Expulsion, Extermination: A History of Anti-Jewish Oppression – P...Warren Blumenfeld
Throughout the ages, a recurring cycle has developed against the Jewish people: from Conversion (you can’t live among us as Jews), to Expulsion (you can’t live among us), to Extermination (you can’t live). This unique PowerPoint presentation investigates the long history of anti-Jewish oppression and some of the reasons for its formation and perpetuation.
Clubs and Pubs have been historically places where lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and trans* people have gone to meet and to socialize. This presentations presents some of the bittersweet history.
Here are many of the butter sculptures for which the Iowa State Fair is famous. They are quite remarkable in the skill and detail that went into crafting them. Enjoy.
Making the Links: Heterosexism & Anti-Jewish OppressionksWarren Blumenfeld
Throughout history, many dominant groups have depicted or represented minoritized groups in a variety of negative ways in order to maintain control or mastery. The representation of targeted groups is expressed through myths and stereotypes in proverbs, social commentary, literature, jokes, epithets, pictorial depictions, and other cultural forms. This presentation makes the clear and stunning connections between historical representations of Jewish people and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans* (LGBT) people.
This presentation is intended to highlight a number of texts from three monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), which individuals and organizations throughout the ages have employed to justify and rationalize the marginalization, harassment, denial of rights, persecution, and oppression of entire groups of people based on their social identities.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. Dr. Warren J. Blumenfeld is available to come
to your campus or community organization.
Contact: warrenblumenfeld@gmail.com
3. TO “OTHER”
Other and Othering
“Othering” is something people
do – an action, a verb, not an
adjective or noun.
“Otherness”: not static, intrinsic, immutable
characteristics or traits.
“Other: From Noun to Verb,” Nathaniel Mackey, 1992.
Representations, 32, pp. 51-70.
Nathaniel Mackey
4. TO “MINORITIZE”
An action, a verb, not an adjective or noun.
The process of objectifying, subordinating,
marginalizing, dominating, controlling,
disenfranchising, violating “the Other”
Through the elements of
– Defining
– Stereotyping
– Scapegoating
– Tokenizing
5. “It takes a village
to raise a child.”
African proverb.
7. DEFINITION: Bullying
Bullying is a specific type of aggression in which
(1) the behavior is intended to harm or disturb,
(2) the behavior occurs repeatedly over time,
and (3) there is an imbalance of power, with a
more powerful person or group attacking a less
powerful one. This asymmetry of power may be
physical or psychological, and the aggressive
behavior may be verbal…, physical…, or
psychological (e.g. spreading rumors, engaging
in social exclusion, extortion, or intimidation).
Journal of the American Medical Association, 2001
8. DEFINITION: Harassment
Harassment is victimization based upon one’s real
or perceived race, color, national origin, religion,
disability, gender, sexual orientation, or marital
status, physical appearance, or personality
characteristics.
Iowa Department of Education, Sample Policy on Bullying and Harassment, 2007.
9. MY ASSUMPTIONS
1. Crucial components of bullying prevention efforts often
missing: social and cultural contexts & engagement.
2. Bullying & harassment not simply youth problems &
behaviors.
3. Young people, through process of “social learning,” often
acquire bullying & harassing attitudes and behaviors.
4. They also often learn the “socially sanctioned” targets for
their aggressive behaviors.
5. Much of bullying behaviors based on social construction of
mandatory, yet truly unattainable hyper-masculinity.
10. Social Learning Theory
Individuals learn by
observing & associating
with others (modeling).
Modeling alone — free
from reinforcements —
can be enough for
people to incorporate and
act on their own beliefs
and behaviors.
Albert Bandura
11. Social Learning Theory
Society presents many
role models,
From very positive & to
very negative, biased,
aggressive, & destructive.
Modeling process is very
influential in beliefs and
actions of young people.
Albert Bandura
12. Social Learning Theory
Modeling is more than
concrete actions
(“response mimicry”).
Also abstract concepts
(“Abstract Modeling”):
following rules, taking on
values & beliefs, making
moral & ethical judgments.
Albert Bandura
13. ROLE MODELS
1. Think back in your life to any role models
you may have. Who were they?
2. How did they serve as role models?
3. What skills, knowledge, behaviors, views,
perspectives, outlooks, feelings, etc. did you
gain from them?
4. How have they impacted the course of your
life?
14. Some of My Role Models
My Maternal
Grandparents:
Simon & Eva Mahler
Love, compassion,
identity, survival,
hope, sense of
family, sense of
history and identity
15. Some of My Role Models
Frederick Douglass
Abolitionist who escaped
from slavery
Vision of a greater nation,
a reconciler, a survivor.
“No person can place a chain
about the ankles of another
person without at last finding the
chain around their own neck”
16. Some of My Role Models
Harriet Tubman
Abolitionist who escaped from
slavery
Visionary of a greater nation,
a reconciler, a survivor.
“If you hear the dogs, keep going.
If you see the torches in the woods,
keep going. If there’s shouting
after you, keep going. Don’t ever
stop. Keep going. If you want a
taste of freedom, keep going.”
17. Some of My Role Models
Eleanor Roosevelt
First Woman of the
USA.
Strong, committed, self
reflective, champion
for equality, equity,
cooperation, and
understanding across
apparent differences.
18. Some of My Role Models
César Estrada Chávez
Mexican American farm
worker, union
organizer, and civil
rights activist
Co-founder of United
Farm Workers
Tireless leader
defending workers
rights
19. Some of My Role Models
Leonard Bernstein
Jewish & Gay
American
Conductor, Composer,
Educator
Articulated a love of
music making it
accessible to younger
people & generations
21. Advertising as Positive Role Model
“At Liberty Mutual, our job
just isn’t about providing you
with insurance. It’s about
creating a relationship with
you based on trust and
mutual understanding. With
our advertising, we want to
engage you in what
responsibility means to you.”
http://www.whyresponsibility.com/
Responsibility:
What’s Your Policy?
23. “You’ve Got To Be Carefully Taught”
You've got to be taught
To hate and fear,
You've got to be taught
From year to year,
It's got to be drummed
In your dear little ear
You've got to be carefully taught.
You've got to be taught to be afraid
Of people whose eyes are oddly made,
And people whose skin is a diff'rent shade,
You've got to be carefully taught.
You've got to be taught before it's too late,
Before you are six or seven or eight,
To hate all the people your relatives hate,
You've got to be carefully taught!
“South Pacific,” Richard Rogers & Oscar Hammerstein, 1949
25. Social Learning Theory
Young people observe
negative role modeling
in society, home, school
Can result in young
person exhibiting
aggressive or violent
behaviors.
Albert Bandura
26. Social Learning Theory
Bobo Doll experiment
Purpose: determine if
adult modeling resulted
in either aggressive or
non-aggressive
behaviors in young
children.
27. Social Learning Theory
Participants:
– 36 boys, 36 girls
Control Group: 24 children
Average Age: 4 years
Children taken individually
in room of “non-aggressive”
toys: crayons, tinker toys,
and “aggressive” toys:
wooden mallet, Bobo doll.
28. Social Learning Theory
Children told, only adult
could play with toys,
participants must watch
adult.
Control group: no adult,
participants could play
with any toys.
29. Social Learning Theory
Half participants, adult
played with tinker toys
one minute,
For nine minutes,
attacked Bobo doll,
verbal insults, physical
violence:
– kicking, punching, hitting
the head with wooden
mallet.
30. Social Learning Theory
Other half of participants,
adult model played with
tinker toys, ignored Bobo
doll entire 10-minutes of
experiment.
31. Social Learning Theory
Each child taken into another playroom with
toys: airplane, fire engine, doll set.
To instill anger & frustration, experimenter
told children they could play with toys in room
for short time, & toys reserved for other
children.
32. Social Learning Theory
Children taken individually to 3rd room. Left
alone 20 minutes to play with aggressive &
non-aggressive toys.
Aggressive toys:
– Bobo doll, wooden mallet, dart guns, tetherball
with a face painted on it, and others.
Non-aggressive toys:
– paper and crayons, tea set, dolls, a ball, cars,
trucks, plastic farm animals.
34. Findings
Children who observed
aggressive adult model,
much more likely to exhibit
physical and verbal
aggressive behaviors when
left alone in 3rd room.
As opposed to children
who were exposed to non-
aggressive model or no
model.
35. Research Conclusions
Children can learn behaviors, like verbal and
physical aggression, by observing & imitating
others.
Even in absence of behavioral reinforcements.
Children highly influenced by observing adult
behavior, believe that such behavior is
acceptable, freeing own aggressive inhibitions.
More likely to behave aggressively in future
situations.
36. National Civility Survey
KRC Research & Weber Sandwick, 2010
Erosion of civility in modern life:
– In human relationships
– Government
– Business
– Media
– On-line
65% - Major Problem
71% - Worsened Recently
38. Implications?
What types of modeling
and messages are we
sending our young
people in the following
scenarios?
39. The “Trickle Down” Effect
“I can remember adults in my mostly White town
talking about how the Dutch were cheap, or the
Norwegians were just a bunch of Vikings that stole,
and the Germans were just dirty krouts. The ideas
trickled down to the youth, where they would call
others the same things their parents called people
as well.”
University Teacher Education Student
40. Popular Movie
Movie parody of high
budget war films.
“Simple Jack,”
portrayed by Ben
Stiller.
“Once upon a time there
was a retard.”
R-word used 17 times.
41. Popular Radio Talk Show Host
Don Imus April 4, 2007
edition of MSNBC's
Imus in the Morning
Referred to the Rutgers
University women's
basketball team,
composed of eight
African-American and
two white players, as
"nappy-headed hos."
48. Gun Club Christmas Photo
Children and parents are able to choose between
grenade launchers, assault rifles, and AK-47s
49. Nations Truck Sales, Sanford, FL
Free Assault Rifle voucher with each truck purchased
“We started on Veterans Day. Hey, so many have given so much
for this right.” Nick Ginetta, General Sales Manager
50. Holy Smoke Bullet Urns
Stockton, Alabama
Your Ashes into Bullets
Thad
Holmes
& Clem
Parnell,
owners
53. Andrew Breitbart
– “Big Journalism” Blog
– Commentator, Washington Times
Selectively edited Shirley Sherrod’s inspirational
speech delivered March 2010 to a local NAACP
chapter in an attempt to impugn the
extraordinary reputation and career of Ms.
Sherrod
54. ADULT CYBERBULLYING
Andrew Shirvell
Assistant Attorney General,
Michigan
Attacking on-line and stocking
outside residence of Chris
Armstrong, the first openly-gay
student body president at the
University of Michigan
Shirvell accused Armstrong of
“promoting the radical
gay agenda”
56. Drew, mother of Meier’s friend
Dardenne, Prairie, Missouri
Drew posed as 16-year-old boy on MySpace named
“Josh Evans”
“Evans” turned on Meier
She committed suicide, Oct. 2006, 13 years old.
Drew indicted, three counts of accessing protected
computers to inflict emotional distress, and one
count of criminal conspiracy.
58. Product Marketing
NO MORE
WIMPY CHIPS!
Tired of chips that go mush when
you bite ’em or go to pieces when
you dip ‘em?
Chomp on Krunchers! the extra thick
and hearty chips bursting with
big potato taste.
Don’t fool around with those
weak-kneed chips anymore.
Sink your teeth into
Krrruuunchers!
61. Political Leader
Senate Republican
Majority Leader, 1998,
Trent Lott proclaimed
homosexuality a disease
and sin:
“It is [a sin]….You should
try to show them a way to
deal with that problem, just
like alcohol…or sex
addiction…or
kleptomaniacs.”
63. Oklahoma State Representative
Sally Kern
“Studies show, no society that has totally
embraced homosexuality has lasted for more than,
you know, a few decades….I honestly think it’s
the biggest threat our nation has, even more so
than terrorism or Islam. . . It spreads! This stuff
is deadly and it is spreading. It will destroy our
young people and it will destroy this nation.”
64. Columnist & Author
Ann Coulter, at Republican
Party Conservative Political
Action Conference, 2007
Called Democratic
presidential candidate, John
Edwards a “faggot.”
Loud and sustained
applause and laughter from
most of the conference
delegates.
65. Columnist & Author
CNBC show “The Big
Idea,” 2007, Ann Coulter
said everyone on earth
should be Christian and
that Jews needed to be
"perfected….It is better if
we were all Christians.”
66. Alabama Governor Robert Bentley
January 2011:
"So anybody here today
who has not accepted
Jesus Christ as their
savior, I'm telling you,
you're not my brother and
you're not my sister, and I
want to be your brother."
67. Movie Star & Director
Mel Gibson, arrested for
drunk driving, 2006,
ranted:
“F*****g Jews….The
Jews are responsible for
all the wars in the world.”
Gibson then asked the
arresting officer, “Are you a
Jew?”
68. Political Figure Donald Trump
"[Mexico is] sending
people that have lots
of problems, and they
are bringing those
problems to us. They
are bringing drugs,
and bringing crime,
and they’re rapists."
69. Political Figure Donald Trump
I am calling for the
“total and complete
shutdown of Muslims
entering the United
States until our
country's
representatives can
figure out what is going
on.”
78. GOP Platform, 2012
Preserving and Protecting Traditional Marriage
The institution of marriage is the foundation of civil society. Its
success as an institution will determine our success as a
nation….The success of marriage directly impacts the economic
well-being of individuals. Furthermore, the future of marriage
affects freedom…. We recognize and honor the courageous
efforts of those who bear the many burdens of parenting
alone, even as we believe that marriage, the union of
one man and one woman must be upheld as the national
standard, a goal to stand for, encourage, and promote
through laws governing marriage. We embrace the
principle that all Americans should be treated with respect
and dignity.
80. Orthodox Judaism
Statement of Principles on the Place of Jews with
a Homosexual Orientation in Our Community:
“Judaism views all male and female same-sex sexual
interactions as prohibited...[and] cannot give its
blessing and imprimatur to Jewish religious same-sex
commitment ceremonies and weddings, and halakhic
values proscribe individuals and communities from
encouraging practices that grant religious legitimacy to
gay marriage and couplehood.”
81. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
CATECHISM 1995
“Basing itself upon Sacred Scripture, which presents
homosexual acts as acts of grave depravity,
tradition has always declared that homosexual acts are
gravely disordered. They are contrary to natural law.
They close the sexual act to the gift of love [i.e., children]. They
do not proceed from a genuine affective and sexual
complementarity. Under no circumstances can they
be approved.”
82. Religion on Trans* Identities
Alex Salinas
21-year-old transman, Cadiz, Spain
Applied, Godparent, of nephew
Vatican denied request.
83. Catholic Church: Congregation for the Doctrine of the
Faith:
Transgender status "reveals in a public way an attitude
opposite to the moral imperative of solving the problem of
sexual identity according to the truth of one's own sexuality.
Therefore it is evident that this person does not possess the
requirement of leading a life according to the faith and in the
position of godfather and is therefore unable to be admitted to
the position of godfather or godmother."
84. Southern Baptist Convention
2010 “Resolution on Homosexuality and the United States Military”
“RESOLVED, That the messengers to the Southern Baptist
Convention…affirm the Bible’s declaration that
homosexual behavior is intrinsically disordered and
sinful, and we also affirm the Bible’s promise of forgiveness,
change, and eternal life to all sinners (including those engaged in
homosexual sin) who repent of sin and trust in the saving power of
Jesus Christ (1 Corinthians 6:9-11).”
85. Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints
Homosexual behavior violates the
commandments of God, is contrary to the
purposes of human sexuality, distorts loving
relationships, and deprives people of the
blessings that can be found in family life and in
the saving ordinances of the gospel. Those who
persist in such behavior or who influence others to do so are
subject to Church discipline. Homosexual behavior can be
forgiven through sincere repentance.
From Handbook of Instructions
86. Evangelical Covenant Church
Resolution on Sexuality” adopted 1996:
“We human beings misuse God’s creation of sexuality and distort
its role in our lives. In I Corinthians 6:9-10 and Romans 1:24-27,
Scripture succinctly declares this sin and God’s judgment on it.
Throughout the Scriptures we see how sin in sexual relationships
damages relationship with God and others. We live in a society
characterized by imperfect and sinful sexual relationships of many
kinds….Evangelical Covenant Church resolution to
care for persons involved in sexual sins such as
adultery, homosexual behavior, and promiscuity
compassionately recognizing the potential of these
sins to take the form of addiction.”
91. Boy Scouts
“Boy Scouts of America believes that
homosexual conduct is inconsistent with the
obligations in the Scout Oath and Scout Law
to be morally straight and clean in thought,
word, and deed….”
100. Bias-Related Victimization
Each year, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) tracks incidents of hate
crimes throughout the United States. In 2006 alone 7,722 criminal incidents
involving 9,080 offenses “as a result of bias against a particular race, religion,
sexual orientation, ethnicity/national origin, or physical or mental disability.”
51.8% were motivated by racial bias
18.9% were motivated by religious bias
15.5% were motivated by sexual-orientation bias
12.7% were motivated by ethnicity/national origin bias
1% was motivated by disability bias
(U.S. Department of Justice, 2006)
101. LGBT MURDERED
Gwen Araujo
Brandie
Coleman
Sakia Gunn
Lawrence King
Delilah Corrales
Ukea DavisTyra Hunter
Mark
Bingham Allen Schindler
Harvey Milk
Eric Plunkett
Matthew Shepard
Brandon Teena
102. Suicide
Third leading cause of death
among adolescents, &
responsible for more deaths
than all illnesses combined.
103. Youth Suicide from Bullying
Tyler Clementi, 18
Seth Walsh, 13
Billy Lucas, 15
Asher Brown, 13
Raymond Chase, 19
Megan Meier, 13
Phoebe Prince, 15
Carl Joseph Walker
Hoover, 11
Bobby Griffith, 20
Belinda Allen, 14
105. Systems Oriented Approach
Bullying and harassment not simply
involving people who bully and people
who are bullied (the “dyadic view” ),
Rather, involves a number of “actors” or
roles across the social, community, &
school environments.
Some researchers define the roles:
106. Systems Oriented Approach
Sutton and Smith (1999) identified six distinct though overlapping
roles.
– 1. The “Ringleader Bully” active role in initiating the bullying
behaviors:
– 2. The “Assistant to the Bully” very active in the bullying
process, but a follower to the ringleader bully;
– 3. The “Reinforcer to the Bully” acts in ways that encourage the
bullying behavior;
– 4. The “Defender of the Victim,” engages in behaviors to
protect and help the target of the bullying;
– 5. The “Outsider,” sometimes called the “Bystander,” aware of
the bullying behaviors but does nothing and attempts to stay
away from the bullying episodes
– 6. The “Victim,” the person or persons targeted by those who
bully.
107. Systems Oriented Approach
Olweus (2000) eight roles in the bullying process.
– 1. “Children Who Bully,” similar to Sutton and Smith’s “Ringleader Bully”;
– 2. “Followers/Henchmen” actively engaging in the bullying process with
the children who bully, similar to Sutton and Smith’s “Assistant to the
Bully”;
– 3. “Supporter, Passive Bully/Bullies,” similar to Sutton and Smith’s
“Reinforcer to the Bully”;
– 4. “Passive Supporter, Possible Bully,” those who are on the fence
whether to engage in bullying behavior or simply observe;
– 5. “Disengaged Onlooker,” sometimes referred to as a “Bystander”;
– 6. “Possible Defender,” those who are on the fence whether to become
involved to support and defend those targeted by bullying behaviors;
– 7. “Defender of the Child Who Is Bullied,” similar to Sutton and Smith’s
“Defender of the Victim”;
– 8. “Children Who Are Bullied, The One Who Is Exposed,” similar to
Sutton and Smith’s the “Victim.”
110. Empowering the By-Stander
to Become the Up-Stander
Peer mediation and student leadership training
empowering and assisting students in developing
ways to successfully reduce bullying incidents,
Include in anti-bullying policies language
protecting allies from retaliation for taking action,
Ongoing support from adult family members,
school faculty and staff, community members,
Social Justice type student clubs,
Include students in school climate policy
decisions.
112. Strategies for Change
In addition to teaching the 3 Rs (reading, writing,
and arithmetic),
Self Awareness: To “Read” the Self
Solve Social, Emotional, and Ethical Problems
Social, Emotional, Ethical, & Academic Education
(SEEAE)
Jonathan Cohen, 2006
114. Theory of Multiple Intelligences
8 “intelligences”
that are involved in
solving problems
and fashioning
products
He believed all 8
can be TAUGHT in
school.
115. Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Logical / Mathematical
Verbal / Linguistic
Musical / Rhythmic
Visual / Spatial
Bodily / Kinesthetic
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalist
[Existentialist]
116. Home-School Partnerships
Long-Term and Continuous Home & School
Coordination & Cooperation
Emphasize and Reinforce Efforts through
common understanding, goals, and terminology
(to be on the same page)
Home and School Emphasizing Teaching and
Learning of…
117. Home-School Partnerships
Community Living Skills (cooperation, sharing)
Responsible & Caring Participation in a
Democracy (John Dewey)
Find Sense of Meaning & Purpose in Life
Critical Thinking Skills
Critical Media Literacy
Life-Long Learning Skills
Social, Emotional, and Ethical Competencies
119. School Climate Assessment
Structural Issues (size of
school, etc.)
Environmental Issues
(physical condition, etc.)
Social-Emotional, Physical
Order, Safety
Expectations for Student
Achievement
Quality of Instruction
Collaboration &
Communication
Sense of School
Community
Peer Norms
School-Home-Community
Partnerships
Student Morale
Extent to Which the School
is a Vital Learning
Community
Johathan Cohen, 2006
120. Policy
Develop and enforce comprehensive Bullying
Prevention Statewide Laws
Implemented into every school.
However…
121. Policy
“No Child Left Behind,” while attempting to raise
academic standards and levels,
Does not fund initiates to improve Social,
Emotional, and Ethical skill improvement.
Illinois State Board of Education, 2004, for
example, mandated school districts statewide to
develop policies related to Social-Emotional
Learning into educational programs.
123. References
Bandura, A. (1965). Influence of models’ reinforcement contingencies on the
acquisition of imitative responses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1,
589-595.
Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggressions through
imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 575-
582
Cohen, Jonathan. (2006). Social, Emotional, Ethical, and Academic Education:
Creating a Climate for Learning, Participation in Democracy, and Well-Being. Harvard
Educational Review. 76 (2), 201-237
JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, April 25, 2001. Vol. 285, No. 16
Olweus, Dan. (2000), Bullying at School. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, Ltd.
Rogers, Richard & Hammerstein, Oscar. (1949). “You’ve Got To Be Carefully
Taught,” from South Pacific.
Sutton, J., & Smith, P. K. (1999). Bullying as a group process: An adaptation of the
participant role approach. Aggressive Behavior, 25, 97-111.
124. CONCLUSION
"Never doubt that a
small group of
thoughtful committed
individuals can
change the world. In
fact, it's the only
thing that ever has.“
Margaret Mead