Smart, shelli, period 6 periodic table of elements
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The document discusses the Periodic Table of Elements. It was created in 1869 by Dimitri Mendeleev to show the organization of known chemical elements based on their atomic properties. The periodic table arranges elements horizontally by atomic number and vertically into groups of elements with similar chemical properties. It provides a framework for understanding relationships between elements and predicting properties of unknown or undiscovered elements.
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Smart, shelli, period 6 periodic table of elements
- 1. The Periodic Table of Elements Shelli Smart Date Monday, October 29, 12
- 2. What & Why??? ✤ A tabular display of the chemical elements. ✤ A professor created it to show his students and to publish it in “The Principles of Chemistry”. Monday, October 29, 12
- 3. Who, When, & How??? ✤ Dimitri Mendeleev ✤ 1869 ✤ He took the atomic weight and similarities in there properties. Monday, October 29, 12
- 4. Organization??? ✤ The Periodic Table of Elements is very large and kind of hard to understand, as well as, a lot to take in and absorb into your mind. So . . . Lets break it down!!! Monday, October 29, 12
- 5. Periods ✤ All of the rows go left. ✤ Each row is considered a “Period” (like PERIODic table). ✤ Every element in a period has something in common, in this case Atomic Orbitals. ✤ Atomic Orbitals: Basically the levels of distance between the nucleus of an electron. ✤ Every element in each row matches. The top row has 1 Atomic Orbital for its period. The second period has 2. e.t.c. Monday, October 29, 12
- 6. Groups ✤ The columns, which go from top to bottom, are called groups. ✤ The elements in a group have the same number of electrons in their outer orbital. ✤ These are called “Valence Electrons” (You know, the ones that are involved in chemical bonds with other elements). ✤ Each element in the first column have one electron in its outer shell. The each element in the second group has two electrons. So on and so forth. ✤ But there are some exceptions. The Transition Elements start to add elections to their second to last orbital. Monday, October 29, 12
- 7. The Top Two ✤ Hydrogen(H): It can have the talents and electrons of two groups; either one or seven. ✤ According to scientist H either has an extra electron or is missing one. ✤ Helium(He): It can only have two electron in its outer orbital. However it is still grouped with what we call “The Noble Gases”. ✤ We like to say that they are “Happy” because their outermost orbital is full. Monday, October 29, 12
- 8. The Ones in the Middle ✤ Transition elements kind of a jumbled, crazy, messy break in the pattern. ✤ Instead of adding to the valence electrons(the outer orbital) it adds to the 2nd outer most orbital. ✤ Electrons in this category sometimes have trouble deciding on how many electron they will give. ✤ Iron, for example, will give two electrons but sometimes it will give three. Monday, October 29, 12
- 9. Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Unknown??? ✤ Solids: An element that can for its shape. ✤ Liquids: An element that will take the shape of anything you can contain it in. ✤ Gasses: An element that will keep forever expanding in whatever it is in. ✤ Unknown: Elements that have no been determined which or these three they are. Monday, October 29, 12
- 10. Metals, Nonmetals, & Metalloids ✤ Metals: An Element, Compound, or Alloy that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Usually Malleable, Ductile, and Shiny. ✤ Nonmetals: Basically the opposite of a metal; ✤ Not a good conductor of heat and electricity ✤ When in solid form usually dull and brittle ✤ Usually lower densities, melting, and boiling points. ✤ Metalloids: An element that has properties in-between that of both metals and nonmetals (or a mixture so to say of the properties). ✤ The six elements commonly recognized as metalloids are Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, and Tellurium. Monday, October 29, 12