Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids can be distinguished by their physical properties. Metals are typically solids, shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Nonmetals may be solids, liquids, or gases, have a dull luster, and are poor conductors. Metalloids have properties in between metals and nonmetals, and some are useful semiconductors. Most metals are found combined with other elements in minerals and ores in the Earth's crust. Carbon is unusual in that it can form graphite, which is brittle, or diamonds, the hardest natural material, depending on the arrangement of carbon atoms.

1. Metals,
Nonmetals
and Metalloids
(Semi-metals)

2. COLORING IN THE PERIODIC TABLE

3. NOTICE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE APPEARANCE
OF THE METALS AND NONMETALS.

4. Physical
properties
of METALS

6. •Metals are
SOLIDS.
(except mercury)
•Metals are HARD.
(except Lithium,
Potassium, Sodium)

8. Metals have shiny
luster. (or metallic
luster)
LUSTER – the way an
object’s surface reflects
light

10. 
METALS are the
best conductors
of heat.
Best conductors: silver
and copper

11. Copper Wiring

12. Metals are good
conductors of
electricity.
Copper, silver, and
gold are good
electrical conductors..

13. Aluminum is malleable.

14. Metals are malleable.
Malleable or
Malleability - metals
ability to be shaped or
formed as by hammering or
pressure; can be beaten
into thin sheets

16. Metals are ductile.
Ductility or ductile
– can be drawn into a
wire

17. EXAMPLES OF NONMETALS

19. Non metals may be
solids, liquids or gases.
Examples:
Solids – Carbon, Sulfur,
Phosphorus
Liquid – Bromine
Gases – Oxygen, Hydrogen,
Nitrogen

20. Physical
Properties
of
NONMETAL
S

22. Nonmetals have a
dull luster.
(They are not shiny!)
Example:
Phosphorus

24. Nonmetals are
insulators.
They do not
conduct electricity
or heat well.

25. Nonmetals are soft (except
for diamonds and brittle.
Example: Sulfur

26. METALLOIDS

27. Elements classified
as Metalloids have
physical properties
of both metals and
non-metals.

28.  Some are shiny, some
are dull, they are
somewhat malleable
and ductile, and can
conduct heat and
electricity at a lesser
level than metals.

29. BORON

30. SILICON

31. ARSENIC

32. The elements contained in the classification of
Metalloids:

33.  Some metalloids are useful
semiconductors, which are used in
electronics (radio, computers,
telephones, etc.)
 They are useful because they
conduct just the right amount of
electricity or heat.

34. Where do we find
METALS?

35. Some metals like gold, silver, and platinum
are found as pure substances in the earth’s
crust because they are least reactive.
Most metals are reactive and are found as
oxides (react with oxygen), carbonates
(react with carbon), sulfides (react with
sulfur).

36. Minerals : are elements
or compounds which
occur naturally inside the
earth’s crust.
Ore : is a mineral from
which metals can be
extracted profitably.

37. An
interesting
element:
Carbon

38. Ever break the point of
your pencil? That’s
because it’s made of
graphite, a substance
made up completely of
Carbon—a brittle
nonmetal.
Carbon
atoms in
graphite

39. However diamonds, the hardest
material of all, are made of the
same element: Carbon. Look at
how the carbon atoms are
arranged in diamonds—why do
you think diamonds are harder
than graphite?