An ecosystem is defined as a complex relationship between living organisms, habitats, and resources in a given area. Organisms are typically dependent on each other and their habitat for survival. Ecosystems can be natural or artificial. The components of an ecosystem include abiotic (non-living) factors like air, water and soil, and biotic (living) factors like producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers harness energy from the sun via photosynthesis. Consumers consume other organisms for food, and decomposers break down dead organisms and waste. Food chains show the transfer of energy as organisms consume one another.

1. Ecosystem
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3. What is an Ecosystem?
 Definition: A complex relationship between the
living organisms, habitats, and resources of a
given area.
 Organism are typically
dependent on each other
and their habitat for survival.
 They can be natural or
artificial.
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4. What is an Ecosystem?
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Natural Ecosystem Artificial Ecosystem
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5. What is an Ecosystem?
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 The “largest
ecosystems” are
called biomes.
 There are many
biomes, including
such as the Desert,
Tundra, Tropical
Rainforest, etc.
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6. What is an Ecosystem?
 Living organisms in an ecosystems are “classified” into:
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POPULATIONS COMMUNITIES
Total individuals belonging to
ONE SPECIES in a habitat
All the combined populations in
a habitat
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7. What are the components of
Ecosystem?
 The components are:
 Abiotic components:
 Biotic components: They can be further
classified as:
1. Producers
2. Consumers
3. Decomposers
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8. Abiotic Components
 Abiotic components of an ecosystem (or
the
non-living components of an ecosystem)
include the physical environment like
soil,water and air alongwith the inorganic
substances like CO2,O2,H2O,P,S,Na,K,Ca
and other elements present in them.
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9. Biotic Components
 The biotic components of ecosystem (or living
components of an ecosystem)is a community
of organisms(like plants and animals) which is
made up of many different inter-dependent
populations.
 Three types of organisms:-
 Producer
 Consumer
 Decomposer
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10. Producers
 They are the organisms which synthesize their
own food.All the green plants are producers.
 Producers are: autotrophs
 Source of all chemical energy in an ecosystem
 They trap sunlight and store it as food energy
(chemical energy)
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11. Consumers
 “Consume means “eat”
 Organisms which are dependent on others
for food.All thr animals are consumers.
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12. Consumers
 Living things which must eat
other living things for energy
 Consumers are: Heterotrophs
 Various types of consumers:
herbivores, carnivores, or
omnivores.
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17. Decomposers
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 Organisms that consume
dead or decaying organisms
and act as cleaners of the
environment.
 Decomposers actually “live
on their food”
 Primary decomposers are
bacteria and fungi
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18. Decomposers
 Help return raw materials and nutrients to
the environment
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19. Producers / Consumers Game
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20. FOOD CHAINS20
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21. Food Chains
 The sequence of living organisms in a community in which one
organism consumes other organism to transfer food energy.
 In simple terms, a list of orgamisms showing “who eats whom”
 Arrows represent the flow of energy.
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22. Predator
 A predator eats other animals in a food
chain
Cats eat fish. So do bears!
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23. Prey
 Any animal which is hunted and killed by
another animal for food is prey.
Predator
Prey
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24. Food Chain Game
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25. ECOSYSTEM