The document provides an overview of environmental studies, including its scope, importance, multidisciplinary nature, and key institutions and figures involved in the field in India. It notes that environmental studies examines the interrelationships between organisms and their surrounding environment. It also discusses the need for public awareness of environmental issues and some suggested activities for further engagement.
Introduction to Environment
Global environmental issues
National environmental issues
Food Scarcity in India
water Scarcity in India
Sustained development
Definition, scope and Importance of environment scienceSnehal Patel
Environmental science is a multidisciplinary field that combines various sciences to protect the environment. It studies both the biotic environment of living things like plants and animals, as well as the abiotic physical and chemical surroundings. The scope of environmental science is wide, as it examines how human activities impact natural resources in forests, rivers, cities, and more. Protecting the environment is important because natural resources are limited and human population growth is increasing resource usage and pollution, threatening human health and life itself if left unchecked. Individual action is needed alongside government efforts to preserve environmental resources for the future.
Presentation on Environmental Degradation
Its causes and effects on the environment
Awareness of environmental Degradation
Preventive Measures for environmental degradation
This document provides an introduction to environmental studies, including definitions of key terms and the relationships between the environment, ecology, and ecosystems. It discusses the components of the environment, including biotic and abiotic factors. It also examines the impact of technology and humans on the environment, including environmental degradation. Important questions are provided on these topics for further study.
The document discusses forest resources and deforestation. It defines forests and their importance, listing their many uses from providing timber to supporting biodiversity. Forests help regulate climate and soil quality. However, large-scale depletion of forests is occurring due to agriculture, urbanization, mining, and fires. This causes issues like increased temperatures, soil erosion, and reduced rainfall. Conservation efforts include regulated cutting, reforestation, protected areas, and sustainable management. Deforestation is the large-scale removal of trees, reducing forest cover over 90%, with causes like desertification, habitat loss, and pollution. Controlling deforestation requires limiting human settlement, agriculture, mining, and overgrazing in forests.
Biodiversity and its Conservation methodsNishat Fatima
The document provides information about biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. It notes that biodiversity is being lost due to factors like habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, invasive species, and climate change. The document then discusses approaches to conserving biodiversity, including both in-situ conservation methods like protected areas as well as ex-situ conservation methods like seed banks, gene banks, botanical gardens, and zoos. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of biodiversity for human life and the need to balance development with conservation through sustainable practices and policies.
1) Environmental studies is an interdisciplinary field that examines the interactions between humans and their natural and social surroundings. It has become increasingly important due to growing environmental issues like pollution, climate change, and depletion of natural resources.
2) The environment consists of both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components that interact in complex ways. It includes the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. Environmental studies considers the physical, biological, social, cultural, economic, and political factors that make up these systems.
3) Understanding our environment and the impacts of human activities is crucial for sustainable development and conservation of resources for future generations. Environmental studies aims to create awareness of environmental
Introduction to Environment
Global environmental issues
National environmental issues
Food Scarcity in India
water Scarcity in India
Sustained development
Definition, scope and Importance of environment scienceSnehal Patel
Environmental science is a multidisciplinary field that combines various sciences to protect the environment. It studies both the biotic environment of living things like plants and animals, as well as the abiotic physical and chemical surroundings. The scope of environmental science is wide, as it examines how human activities impact natural resources in forests, rivers, cities, and more. Protecting the environment is important because natural resources are limited and human population growth is increasing resource usage and pollution, threatening human health and life itself if left unchecked. Individual action is needed alongside government efforts to preserve environmental resources for the future.
Presentation on Environmental Degradation
Its causes and effects on the environment
Awareness of environmental Degradation
Preventive Measures for environmental degradation
This document provides an introduction to environmental studies, including definitions of key terms and the relationships between the environment, ecology, and ecosystems. It discusses the components of the environment, including biotic and abiotic factors. It also examines the impact of technology and humans on the environment, including environmental degradation. Important questions are provided on these topics for further study.
The document discusses forest resources and deforestation. It defines forests and their importance, listing their many uses from providing timber to supporting biodiversity. Forests help regulate climate and soil quality. However, large-scale depletion of forests is occurring due to agriculture, urbanization, mining, and fires. This causes issues like increased temperatures, soil erosion, and reduced rainfall. Conservation efforts include regulated cutting, reforestation, protected areas, and sustainable management. Deforestation is the large-scale removal of trees, reducing forest cover over 90%, with causes like desertification, habitat loss, and pollution. Controlling deforestation requires limiting human settlement, agriculture, mining, and overgrazing in forests.
Biodiversity and its Conservation methodsNishat Fatima
The document provides information about biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. It notes that biodiversity is being lost due to factors like habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, invasive species, and climate change. The document then discusses approaches to conserving biodiversity, including both in-situ conservation methods like protected areas as well as ex-situ conservation methods like seed banks, gene banks, botanical gardens, and zoos. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of biodiversity for human life and the need to balance development with conservation through sustainable practices and policies.
1) Environmental studies is an interdisciplinary field that examines the interactions between humans and their natural and social surroundings. It has become increasingly important due to growing environmental issues like pollution, climate change, and depletion of natural resources.
2) The environment consists of both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components that interact in complex ways. It includes the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. Environmental studies considers the physical, biological, social, cultural, economic, and political factors that make up these systems.
3) Understanding our environment and the impacts of human activities is crucial for sustainable development and conservation of resources for future generations. Environmental studies aims to create awareness of environmental
Some useful slides for Environment Conservation and Role of Women in Environment Conservation.
Please like, share and comment if you find it easy and helpful for you.
for more information and queries, kindly mail me to:
sharing.sure.success@gmail.com
This document discusses biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Biodiversity is significant as it provides resources and ecosystem services that are important for human life and economies. The conservation of biodiversity aims to preserve species and habitats and use biological resources sustainably. Approaches to conservation include both in-situ methods within natural habitats like national parks and sanctuaries, and ex-situ methods outside of natural habitats in facilities like seed banks, botanical gardens, and zoos. The document provides details on various in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods and their objectives.
The document discusses the key topics of environment, types of environment, and factors of environmental change. It defines environment as everything that surrounds us, including natural components like air, water, soil, and biotic factors like plants, animals and decomposers. There are two main types of environment - natural environments where organisms live naturally, and man-made environments like cities, farms, and industries. Factors causing environmental changes include deforestation, pollution, climate change, and human activities that release greenhouse gases and increase ocean acidification.
Natural resources can be classified as either renewable or non-renewable. Renewable resources like sunlight, wind, water and biomass can regenerate themselves over time, while non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and minerals exist in finite quantities and cannot be replenished once depleted. Some key renewable resources discussed include solar, wind, hydro and geothermal energy, each with their own pros and cons. Non-renewable resources outlined are oil, natural gas, coal and nuclear fuels, which all provide important energy but have limited supplies that will eventually be exhausted unless usage is reduced. Conservation of both renewable and non-renewable resources is important to ensure sustainable development.
The document defines key terms related to ecosystems, including that an ecosystem was first defined by A.G. Tansley as the basic functional unit of organisms interacting with each other and their environment. It provides examples of different ecosystem types, such as grasslands, forests, and oceans. Within ecosystems, biotic components include producers, consumers, and decomposers. Energy flows through ecosystems from producers to higher trophic levels, and nutrients cycle through ecosystems via processes like decomposition. Ecological pyramids illustrate the structure of ecosystems by trophic level.
The document discusses different types of natural resources:
1) Renewable resources like trees and fish that can replenish themselves.
2) Non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and minerals that are used up permanently.
3) Flow resources like fresh water, wind, and tides that exist due to natural processes regardless of human use.
Most natural resources require processing before human use, from cutting down trees to weaving fabric to modern plastic production from petroleum. As technology advances, it changes how resources are processed to meet human needs and wants.
The presentation is aimed for undergraduate students and covers the details of forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem, desert ecosystem as well as aquatic ecosystems. It is suitable for compulsory environmental science course at undergraduate level. The content has been simplified for easy understanding of both science as well as humanities students.
Role of an individual in conservation of natural resoursesJasmine Mariya
Individuals can play an important role in conserving natural resources through their daily habits and actions. Some ways individuals can contribute include using resources efficiently like minimizing water and energy use, practicing sustainable agriculture, and participating in community environmental initiatives like tree planting and beach cleanups. Conservation efforts at the individual level can help address issues like increasing population growth, industrialization, and improper resource utilization which are putting strain on the Earth's finite natural resources.
Natural resources occur naturally and include materials like rocks, minerals, soil, rivers, and plants and animals. They satisfy human needs and can be used to create value. Humans are also a resource because through developing skills, they can develop other resources by adding value to physical materials. Any material from the earth that is used by living things and satisfies human needs is considered a natural resource. Resources can be biotic, like forests and animals, or abiotic, like air and water. Some resources are renewable, like sunlight, while others are non-renewable.
Introduction to environment and environmental studiesSURYAKANTVERMA2
“Environmental studies” is the scientific study of our environment and our place in it.
Definition: “Environmental studies” is the study of environmental issues.
It has broader coverage than environmental science and includes social aspects of environment also.
Natural Resources
Renewable and non-renewable resources
Forest Resources
Water Resources
Mineral Resources
Food Resources
Energy Resources
Land Resources
Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources
The document discusses various topics related to human population, the environment, and their interrelationships. It begins by providing statistics on global human birth and death rates and explaining concepts like total fertility rate and life expectancy. It then discusses reasons for population growth and the impacts of overpopulation, including threats to natural resources and environmental degradation. The document also covers human rights, the roles of information technology in environmental monitoring and health, policies around women and child welfare, and introduces the concepts of environmental health and hazards.
Natural resources are materials found in nature that are valuable in their relatively unmodified form. They are classified as biotic, coming from living organisms, and abiotic, coming from non-living material. Natural resources include forests, water, minerals, food, land, and energy. Many natural resources are under threat due to overconsumption, pollution, deforestation, and other human and natural impacts. Conservation efforts include sustainable harvesting, reforestation, reducing waste, and developing renewable resources to protect natural resources for future generations.
The document discusses the components of the environment. It is divided into three main sections:
1) The physical component includes abiotic factors like soil, air, water, climate and temperature that determine habitat conditions. It is divided into atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.
2) The biological component contains all living things that interact with the physical environment to form ecosystems. It includes producers, consumers and decomposers.
3) The social component consists of human and animal populations and their social structures and interactions. Humans are social animals that establish laws and policies for societies.
objectives and principles of environmental educationsana sana
This document outlines the objectives and principles of environmental education. The objectives are to develop awareness, knowledge, positive attitudes, skills in solving environmental problems, abilities to evaluate programs, and participation in protecting the environment. The principles emphasize taking a holistic, interdisciplinary approach and incorporating practical hands-on learning activities to understand environmental issues from local to global scales in a lifelong learning process. The goal is to cultivate environmentally responsible citizens.
1) Environmental education aims to improve environmental quality and create awareness of environmental problems and conservation efforts.
2) It involves developing skills and attitudes to understand the interrelationship between humans, culture and the environment.
3) Environmental education has the goals of improving environmental quality, raising awareness of issues, and encouraging participation in decision-making around development programs.
Unit 1 introduction to environmental studiesYashGupta744
This document provides an overview of environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field. It discusses the definition and scope of environmental studies, including its biological, physical, social, and economic components. It also outlines some key issues covered within the field such as sustainable resource use and management, public awareness of environmental problems, and important government and non-government organizations working in environmental protection in India. Finally, it briefly profiles some influential Indian and international figures who have contributed to environmental conservation efforts.
The document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field. It defines environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field that examines human interaction with the natural world. The scope of environmental studies is wide, covering aspects of many disciplines like biology, chemistry, geography, and economics. Understanding environmental studies is important because humans depend on natural resources and the environment for survival. Public awareness of environmental issues is needed to encourage sustainable development. The document lists some prominent environmental institutions and figures in India that have contributed to increased awareness and conservation efforts.
Some useful slides for Environment Conservation and Role of Women in Environment Conservation.
Please like, share and comment if you find it easy and helpful for you.
for more information and queries, kindly mail me to:
sharing.sure.success@gmail.com
This document discusses biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Biodiversity is significant as it provides resources and ecosystem services that are important for human life and economies. The conservation of biodiversity aims to preserve species and habitats and use biological resources sustainably. Approaches to conservation include both in-situ methods within natural habitats like national parks and sanctuaries, and ex-situ methods outside of natural habitats in facilities like seed banks, botanical gardens, and zoos. The document provides details on various in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods and their objectives.
The document discusses the key topics of environment, types of environment, and factors of environmental change. It defines environment as everything that surrounds us, including natural components like air, water, soil, and biotic factors like plants, animals and decomposers. There are two main types of environment - natural environments where organisms live naturally, and man-made environments like cities, farms, and industries. Factors causing environmental changes include deforestation, pollution, climate change, and human activities that release greenhouse gases and increase ocean acidification.
Natural resources can be classified as either renewable or non-renewable. Renewable resources like sunlight, wind, water and biomass can regenerate themselves over time, while non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and minerals exist in finite quantities and cannot be replenished once depleted. Some key renewable resources discussed include solar, wind, hydro and geothermal energy, each with their own pros and cons. Non-renewable resources outlined are oil, natural gas, coal and nuclear fuels, which all provide important energy but have limited supplies that will eventually be exhausted unless usage is reduced. Conservation of both renewable and non-renewable resources is important to ensure sustainable development.
The document defines key terms related to ecosystems, including that an ecosystem was first defined by A.G. Tansley as the basic functional unit of organisms interacting with each other and their environment. It provides examples of different ecosystem types, such as grasslands, forests, and oceans. Within ecosystems, biotic components include producers, consumers, and decomposers. Energy flows through ecosystems from producers to higher trophic levels, and nutrients cycle through ecosystems via processes like decomposition. Ecological pyramids illustrate the structure of ecosystems by trophic level.
The document discusses different types of natural resources:
1) Renewable resources like trees and fish that can replenish themselves.
2) Non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and minerals that are used up permanently.
3) Flow resources like fresh water, wind, and tides that exist due to natural processes regardless of human use.
Most natural resources require processing before human use, from cutting down trees to weaving fabric to modern plastic production from petroleum. As technology advances, it changes how resources are processed to meet human needs and wants.
The presentation is aimed for undergraduate students and covers the details of forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem, desert ecosystem as well as aquatic ecosystems. It is suitable for compulsory environmental science course at undergraduate level. The content has been simplified for easy understanding of both science as well as humanities students.
Role of an individual in conservation of natural resoursesJasmine Mariya
Individuals can play an important role in conserving natural resources through their daily habits and actions. Some ways individuals can contribute include using resources efficiently like minimizing water and energy use, practicing sustainable agriculture, and participating in community environmental initiatives like tree planting and beach cleanups. Conservation efforts at the individual level can help address issues like increasing population growth, industrialization, and improper resource utilization which are putting strain on the Earth's finite natural resources.
Natural resources occur naturally and include materials like rocks, minerals, soil, rivers, and plants and animals. They satisfy human needs and can be used to create value. Humans are also a resource because through developing skills, they can develop other resources by adding value to physical materials. Any material from the earth that is used by living things and satisfies human needs is considered a natural resource. Resources can be biotic, like forests and animals, or abiotic, like air and water. Some resources are renewable, like sunlight, while others are non-renewable.
Introduction to environment and environmental studiesSURYAKANTVERMA2
“Environmental studies” is the scientific study of our environment and our place in it.
Definition: “Environmental studies” is the study of environmental issues.
It has broader coverage than environmental science and includes social aspects of environment also.
Natural Resources
Renewable and non-renewable resources
Forest Resources
Water Resources
Mineral Resources
Food Resources
Energy Resources
Land Resources
Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources
The document discusses various topics related to human population, the environment, and their interrelationships. It begins by providing statistics on global human birth and death rates and explaining concepts like total fertility rate and life expectancy. It then discusses reasons for population growth and the impacts of overpopulation, including threats to natural resources and environmental degradation. The document also covers human rights, the roles of information technology in environmental monitoring and health, policies around women and child welfare, and introduces the concepts of environmental health and hazards.
Natural resources are materials found in nature that are valuable in their relatively unmodified form. They are classified as biotic, coming from living organisms, and abiotic, coming from non-living material. Natural resources include forests, water, minerals, food, land, and energy. Many natural resources are under threat due to overconsumption, pollution, deforestation, and other human and natural impacts. Conservation efforts include sustainable harvesting, reforestation, reducing waste, and developing renewable resources to protect natural resources for future generations.
The document discusses the components of the environment. It is divided into three main sections:
1) The physical component includes abiotic factors like soil, air, water, climate and temperature that determine habitat conditions. It is divided into atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.
2) The biological component contains all living things that interact with the physical environment to form ecosystems. It includes producers, consumers and decomposers.
3) The social component consists of human and animal populations and their social structures and interactions. Humans are social animals that establish laws and policies for societies.
objectives and principles of environmental educationsana sana
This document outlines the objectives and principles of environmental education. The objectives are to develop awareness, knowledge, positive attitudes, skills in solving environmental problems, abilities to evaluate programs, and participation in protecting the environment. The principles emphasize taking a holistic, interdisciplinary approach and incorporating practical hands-on learning activities to understand environmental issues from local to global scales in a lifelong learning process. The goal is to cultivate environmentally responsible citizens.
1) Environmental education aims to improve environmental quality and create awareness of environmental problems and conservation efforts.
2) It involves developing skills and attitudes to understand the interrelationship between humans, culture and the environment.
3) Environmental education has the goals of improving environmental quality, raising awareness of issues, and encouraging participation in decision-making around development programs.
Unit 1 introduction to environmental studiesYashGupta744
This document provides an overview of environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field. It discusses the definition and scope of environmental studies, including its biological, physical, social, and economic components. It also outlines some key issues covered within the field such as sustainable resource use and management, public awareness of environmental problems, and important government and non-government organizations working in environmental protection in India. Finally, it briefly profiles some influential Indian and international figures who have contributed to environmental conservation efforts.
The document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field. It defines environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field that examines human interaction with the natural world. The scope of environmental studies is wide, covering aspects of many disciplines like biology, chemistry, geography, and economics. Understanding environmental studies is important because humans depend on natural resources and the environment for survival. Public awareness of environmental issues is needed to encourage sustainable development. The document lists some prominent environmental institutions and figures in India that have contributed to increased awareness and conservation efforts.
The document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field. It defines environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field that examines human interaction with the natural world. The scope of environmental studies is wide, covering aspects of many disciplines like biology, chemistry, geography, and economics. Understanding environmental studies is important because humans depend on natural resources and the environment for survival. Public awareness of environmental issues is needed to encourage sustainable development. The document lists some prominent environmental institutions and figures in India that have contributed to increased awareness and conservation efforts.
The document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field. It defines environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field that examines human interaction with the natural world. The scope of environmental studies is wide, covering aspects of many disciplines like biology, chemistry, geography, and economics. Understanding environmental studies is important because humans depend on natural resources and the environment for survival. Public awareness of environmental issues is needed to encourage sustainable development. The document lists some prominent environmental institutions and figures in India that have contributed to increased awareness and conservation efforts.
The document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field. It defines environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field that examines human interaction with the natural world. The scope of environmental studies is wide, covering aspects of many disciplines like biology, chemistry, geography, and economics. Understanding environmental studies is important because humans depend on natural resources and the environment for survival. Public awareness of environmental issues is needed to encourage sustainable development. The document lists some prominent environmental institutions and figures in India that have contributed to increased awareness and conservation efforts.
Environmental science Module 1 Topic. This PPT is not a work of mine and was provided by our college professor during our graduation, so I am not sure about the original author. The credit goes to the Original author.
Environmental studies is the interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the environment. It includes subjects like humanities, commerce, meteorology, climatology, geography and others. Studying environmental studies provides basic knowledge of our surroundings and develops skills to identify and solve environmental problems to maintain ecological balance and sustainable development. The scope of environmental studies includes environmental management, research and development, pollution control, ecosystem structure and function, and natural resource conservation. Popular methods to generate environmental awareness include formal education in schools and colleges as well as informal education through mass media, meetings, and folk songs. Famous Indian environmentalists who have contributed to the field include Sunita Narain, Anil Agarwal, Medha Patkar,
This document provides information on the environment and environmental science. It defines the environment as everything surrounding living things, both natural and man-made. It describes the biotic and abiotic components of the environment. Environmental science is defined as the study of how humans interact with their environment. The document then discusses various environmental issues like pollution, global warming, and the need to conserve the environment. It outlines the scope and multidisciplinary nature of environmental science. Finally, it provides information on several environmental institutions and movements in India.
PPT1.1 INTRODUCTORY ON ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE.pptxsatwiky
1) The document provides an introductory lecture on environment science by Ravi Gedela from RGUKT -SKLM. 2) It defines the natural environment, its components like physical, biological, and interactions between living and non-living things. 3) Environmental science pursues knowledge about the natural world objectively while environmentalism is a social movement to protect it. 4) Several institutes in India work on environment including NEERI, TERI, and CSE. 5) Important people who shaped India's environmental history include Salim Ali, Indira Gandhi, SP Godrej, MS Swaminathan, Madhav Gadgil, Anil Agarwal, and Medha Patkar.
Environmental studies deals with every aspect that affects living organisms, including biology, geology, chemistry, physics, engineering, sociology, health, anthropology, economics, statistics, computers, and philosophy. It aims to create awareness, knowledge, positive attitudes, skills and participation towards the environment. There is a need for public awareness and individual action to protect our limited natural resources and environment from degradation, as human activities are threatening our life support systems like water, air, soil and forests. Several institutions in India are working towards environmental education, conservation, research and creating awareness.
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studiesArunpandu2
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies; definition, scope and importance is a unit of environmental studies and disaster management course of bsc agriculture
This document discusses the contents and need for environmental studies. It covers 7 topics: natural resources and problems, ecosystems, biodiversity conservation, environmental pollution, social/environmental issues, and environmental protection. Environmental studies is multidisciplinary and examines the biotic and abiotic environment. It is important for maintaining quality of life and creating environmental awareness. The scope includes natural resources, ecology, pollution, waste management, and environmental protection laws.
This document provides information on the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies. It defines environment and environmental science, noting that environmental science investigates human-environment interactions and involves many fields of science. It discusses why studying the environment is important, including the need for sustainable development and conserving biodiversity. The document also outlines the productive, aesthetic/recreational, and option values of nature. It stresses the importance of public awareness and individual action in protecting the environment. Finally, it provides details on several prominent environmental institutions in India and their activities.
This document discusses environmental ethics and related concepts. It begins by defining environmental ethics as the study of ethical questions regarding human interactions with the environment. It then examines three major worldviews in environmental ethics: anthropocentrism, which values nature based on its benefits to humans; biocentrism, which assigns intrinsic value to all life; and ecocentrism, which considers the interdependence of ecological systems. The document also discusses some key issues in environmental ethics like resource depletion and pollution, their impacts, and potential solutions like sustainable resource use and conservation.
This document provides an overview of environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field and various related institutions in India. It defines environment and environmental studies, explaining that the latter draws from many areas like biology, geology, and sociology. Several prominent Indian institutions that work in areas like conservation, education, research, and awareness are described, including BNHS, WWF, and Wildlife Institute of India. Important individuals who have contributed to environmental issues in India like Salim Ali, Indira Gandhi, and Medha Patkar are also highlighted. Internationally, thinkers from Darwin to Rachel Carson who advanced understanding of environment and conservation are briefly mentioned.
The document discusses environmental studies, including the scope and importance of being aware of natural resources. It defines key terms like environment, renewable and non-renewable resources, and the need for public awareness around conservation. It also discusses how individuals can promote equitable use of resources to support sustainable lifestyles.
This document provides an overview of environmental studies as a subject. It defines environment and environmental literacy. Environmental studies deals with issues affecting living organisms and draws from many disciplines. The document discusses the scope of environmental studies, including natural history, dependence on nature, renewable and non-renewable resources. It also addresses the importance of environmental studies and provides examples of key environmental thinkers and leaders in India.
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The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Recycling and Disposal on SWM Raymond Einyu pptxRayLetai1
Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
3. Environment is a complex of many variables, which
surrounds man as well as the living organisms.
Environmental studies describe the interrelationships
among organisms, the environment and all the factors,
which influence life on earth, including atmospheric
conditions, food chains, the water cycle, etc. It is a basic
science about our earth and its daily activities,
5. The study creates awareness among the people.
Knowledge about ecological systems and cause
and effect relationships.
Necessary information about biodiversity
richness
The potential dangers to the species of plants,
animals and microorganisms in the environment.
6. To understand the causes and consequences due to natural
and main induced disasters .
Pollutions and measures to minimize the effects.
Enables one to evaluate alternative responses to
environmental issues.
The study enables environmentally literate citizens .
Exposes the problems of over population, health, hygiene &
Role of arts, science and technology in eliminating/
minimizing the evils from the society
7. To identify and develop appropriate and indigenous eco-
friendly skills and technologies to various environmental
issues.
Teaches the citizens the need for sustainable utilization of
resources .
Enables theoretical knowledge into practice and the
multiple uses of environment.
9. World population is increasing at an alarming rate especially
in developing countries.
The natural resources in the earth is limited.
Methods and techniques of exploiting natural resources are
advanced.
Over exploitation of resources-No resources for future
generation.
10. Unplanned exploitation pollution.
Pollution and degraded environment health of all
living things on earth .
combined responsibility and appropriate actions for the
deteriorating environment.
Education and training are needed to save the biodiversity and
species extinction.
11. Urban area, coupled with industries, is major sources of
pollution.
Number and area existing under protected area should be
increased.
People to adapt appropriate activities and pursue sustainable
development.
Motivates students to get involved in community action, and to
participate in various environmental and management projects.
12. It integrates different approaches of the humanities , social
sciences, biological sciences and physical sciences and
applies these approaches to investigate environmental
concerns.
Environmental study is a key instrument for bringing about
the changes in the knowledge, values, behaviors and lifestyles
required to achieve sustainability and stability within and
among countries.
18. Natural resources are dwindling and our environment is being
increasingly degraded by human activities.
Our thought- Government should do.
But if we go on endangering our environment, Government can not
perform all these clean-up functions.
we must all take part & it must become a part of all our lives.
This can only be made possible through mass public awareness.
19. Mass media strongly influence public opinion.
If each of us feels strongly about the environment, the press
and media will add to our efforts.
Politicians always respond positively to a strong publicly
supported movement.
We are living on spaceship earth with a limited supply of
resources.
Each of us is responsible for spreading this message to as
manypeople as possible.
21. Join a group to study nature, such as WWF(World Wide Fund
for Nature) or BNHS(Bombay Natural History Society) or
another environmental group.
Begin reading newspaper articles and periodicals such as
‘Down to Earth’, WWF-I newsletter, BNHS Hornbill
Sanctuary magazine, etc.
Taking up the cause of environmental issues during
discussions with friends and relatives.
Practice and promote issues such as saving paper, saving
water, reducing use of plastics, practicing the 3Rs principle of
reduce, reuse, recycle, and proper waste disposal.
22. Join local movements that support activities such as saving
trees in your area, go on nature treks, recycle waste, buy
environmentally friendly products.
Practice and promote good civic sense.
Take part in events organized on World Environment Day,
Wildlife Week, etc.
Visit a National Park or Sanctuary, or spend time in whatever
nature you have near your home.
23. Institutions in environment
There have been several Government and Nongovernment
organizations that have led to environmental protection in our
country.
They have led to a growing interest in environmental
protection and conservation of nature and natural resources.
24. The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), Mumbai:
It was founded on 15 September 1883, is one of the largest
non-governmental organizations in India engaged in
conservation and biodiversity research.
It supports many research efforts through grants, and
publishes a popular magazine called the Hornbill and also an
internationally well-known the Journal of the Bombay Natural
History Society.
25. World Wide fund for nature- India (WWF-1), New Delhi:
The WWF-1 was initiated in 1969 in Mumbai, after which
the headquarters were shifted to Delhi with several State,
divisional and Project offices spread across India.
In the early years it focused attention on wildlife education
and awareness.
It runs several programs, including the nature clubs of India
program for school children and works as a think –tank and
lobby force for environmental and development issues.
26. CPR Environmental Education Centre, Madras:
The CPR EEC was set up in 1988.
It conducts a variety of programs to spread environmental
awareness and creates an interest in conservation among the
general public.
Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Ahmedabad:
The Centre for Environment Education,Ahmedabad was initiated in
1989.
It has a wide range of programs on the environment and produces a
variety of educational material.
27. Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Institute of Environment
Education & Research, Pune
It was established in 1993.
This is part of the Bharati Vidyapeeth deemed University.
Its major focus is to spread the message of the need for pro-
environmental action in society at large through a dual
strategy of formal and non –formal integrated activities.
BVIEER is a one of a kind institution that caters to the need
of Environment Education at all levels - PhD, M.Sc and
Diploma.
28. Salim Ali Center for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON),
Coimbatore
It is a national centre for information, education and research in
ornithology and natural history in India.
This institution was Dr. Salim ali’s dream, which became a reality
only after his demise and was named in honor of Salim Ali, the
leading pioneer of ornithology in India.
Its mission is "To help conserve India’s biodiversity and its
sustainable use through research, education and peoples’
participation, with birds at the centre stage".
29. Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun:
This Institution was established in 1982, as a major training
establishment for Forest Officials and Research in Wildlife
Management.
Its most significant publication has been ‘Planning A Wildlife
Protected Area Network for India’ (Rodgers and Panwar,
1988).
30. Botanical Survey of India (BSI) is an institution set up by the
Government of India
In 1887 to survey the plant resources of the Indian empire.
The Botanical Survey was formally instituted on 13 February
1890 under the direction of Sir George King, who had been
superintendent of Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta since 1871.
King became the first ex-officio Director of BSI.
Presently, it has nine regional centre.
It carries out surveys of plant resources in different regions. It
monitors botanical resources by analyzing their occurrence,
distribution, ecology, economic utility, conservation, environment
impact, etc.
31. People in Environment
There are several internationally known environmental
thinkers.
Among those who have made landmarks, the names that are
usually mentioned are Charles Darwin, Ralph Emerson, Henry
Thoreau, John Muir, Aldo Leopald, Rachel Carson and EO
Wilson.
Each of these thinkers looked at the environment from a
completely different perspective.
32. Charles Darwin: wrote the origin of species, which brought
to light the close relationship between habitats and species.
Ralph Emerson: spoke of the dangers of commerce to our
environment way back in the 1840s.
Henry Thoreau in the 1860s wrote that the wilderness
should be preserved after he lived in the wild for a year.
He felt that most people did not care for nature and would sell
it off for a small sum of money.
33. John Muir is remembered as having saved the great ancient
sequoia trees in California’a forests.
In the 1890s he formed the Sierra club, which is a major
conservation NGO in the USA.
Aldo Leopold: was a forest official in the US in the 1920s. He
designed the early
policies on wilderness conservation and wildlife management. He
was considered the father of wildlife ecology and a true Wisconsin
hero.
His book, ‘A Sand County Almanac’ is acclaimed as the century's
literary landmark in conservation, which guided many to ‘live in
harmony with the land and with one another’.
34. In the 1960s Rachel Carson published several articles that
caused immediate worldwide concern on the effects of
pesticides on nature and mankind.
She wrote a well known book called ‘Silent Spring’ which
eventually led to a change in Government policy and public
awareness.
EO Wilson: is an entomologist who envisioned that
biological diversity was a key to human survival on Earth.
He wrote ‘Diversity of life’ in 1993, which was awarded a
prize for the best book published on environmental issues.
35. There are several individuals who have been instrumental in shaping the
environmental history of our country.
To name a few with their significant contributions Goes as follows:
Salim Ali: was an Indian ornithologist and naturalist, Known as the
"birdman of India",
Salim Ali was among the first Indians to conduct systematic bird surveys
across India.
He was instrumental in creating the Bharatpur bird sanctuary (Keoladeo
National Park) and prevent the destruction of what is now the Silent
Valley National Park.
He was awarded India's second highest civilian honour, the Padma
Vibhushan in 1976.
His autobiography, fall of a sparrow , should be read by every nature
enthusiast.
He was our country’s leading conservation scientist and influenced
environmental policies in our country for over 50 years.
36. Other eminent persons include
Smt. Indira Gandhi
S P Godrej
M. S. Swaminathan
Madhav Gadgil
M. C. Mehta
Anil Agarwal
Medha Patkar
Sunderlal Bahuguna