Sexual reproduction-in-flowering-plants
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1. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the transfer of pollen grains containing male gametes from the anther to the stigma. 2. Pollination can occur through self-pollination within the same flower or cross-pollination between different flowers. Many flowers rely on animals or wind for pollination. 3. After pollination and fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed which is contained within a fruit. Seeds can remain dormant for long periods and still germinate, allowing for long-term plant survival and dispersal.
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The document summarizes types of pollination in plants. It discusses:
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Pollination is very important. It leads to the creation of new seeds that grow into new plants. All plants do not have flowers. Some might have small or large flowers. The pollination process varies from plant to plant depending on the kind of flowers. Different pollinators feed on different plants and therefore pollinate different plants. Some common pollinators are bees, butterflies, birds, and moths. there are flowers which get pollinated by elephants.
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Pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma. It is important for sexual reproduction in flowering plants, which produces variation that allows natural selection to occur. While animals can easily reproduce sexually as separate sexes, flowering plants have evolved relationships with pollinators like insects, birds, and bats to transport pollen between plants. Pollinators are attracted to flowers through visual cues like color and patterns, as well as smells, and they receive rewards of nectar and pollen in return for transferring pollen between plants and enabling fertilization and seed production.
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pollination in flowering plants is a ppt made using a creative template with the fully editable shapes and figures.
Pollination
Pollination is the process of transferring pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same species to enable reproduction. There are two main types of pollination - cross pollination between different flowers and self pollination within the same flower. The three main means of pollination are wind, insects, and water, with each adapted to facilitate the transfer of pollen through different mechanisms like feathery stigmas, brightly colored petals, or exposed anthers. After successful pollination and fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit containing seeds.
Plant reproduction y10
1. Plants reproduce both asexually through methods like bulbs, tubers, runners and spores, and sexually through the flower.
2. In sexual reproduction, pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma either through self or cross pollination, leading to fertilization.
3. After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit containing seeds, which are then dispersed and germinate under the right conditions to form new plants.
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Double Fertilization (Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants)
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Covers Pollination and Fertilization, all the way to dispersal of seeds.
POLLINATION :Biology Investigatory project
The document summarizes types of pollination in plants. It discusses:
1) Self-pollination, which occurs within the same flower or between flowers on the same plant, promoting maintenance of parental traits.
2) Cross-pollination, which transfers pollen between genetically different flowers, introducing new traits but requiring external agents.
3) Biotic agents of pollination like insects, birds, and abiotic agents like wind and water that carry pollen grains from anthers to stigmas.
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Pollination is very important. It leads to the creation of new seeds that grow into new plants. All plants do not have flowers. Some might have small or large flowers. The pollination process varies from plant to plant depending on the kind of flowers. Different pollinators feed on different plants and therefore pollinate different plants. Some common pollinators are bees, butterflies, birds, and moths. there are flowers which get pollinated by elephants.
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Pollination is the process of transferring pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same species to enable reproduction. There are two main types of pollination - cross pollination between different flowers and self pollination within the same flower. The three main means of pollination are wind, insects, and water, with each adapted to facilitate the transfer of pollen through different mechanisms like feathery stigmas, brightly colored petals, or exposed anthers. After successful pollination and fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit containing seeds.
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1. Plants reproduce both asexually through methods like bulbs, tubers, runners and spores, and sexually through the flower.
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3. After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit containing seeds, which are then dispersed and germinate under the right conditions to form new plants.
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Flowering plants reproduce sexually through flowers. Flowers contain male stamen that produce pollen and female pistils. Fertilization occurs when pollen is transferred, or pollinated, to the stigma of the pistil. Pollination can be self-pollination within a flower or cross-pollination between flowers. After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit containing seeds. Seeds are dispersed by various methods and may germinate to form a seedling with root, shoot, and leaves developing from the radicle, hypocotyl, and epicotyl respectively.AGENCIES OF POLLINATION SMG
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The document outlines the process of sexual reproduction in flowering plants, including the structure and function of floral parts, pollination, fertilization, seed formation, dispersal, dormancy, and germination. Key points include that pollen grains produce male gametes, the embryo sac produces an egg cell and polar nuclei, double fertilization occurs, seeds vary in structure depending on whether they are endospermic or non-endospermic, and seeds require specific conditions like water and oxygen to successfully germinate.
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This document discusses pollination and the different types of pollination including self-pollination, cross-pollination, and their advantages and disadvantages. It also describes the floral adaptations for different pollination mechanisms including anemophily (wind), hydrophily (water), entomophily (insects), ornithophily (birds), and chiropterophily (bats). Key adaptations include flower size, color, scent, nectar production, pollen characteristics, and timing of anther and stigma maturation.
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Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. It can occur through self-pollination within a flower or plant or cross-pollination between plants. Flowers have adapted traits for wind or insect pollination, with wind-pollinated flowers generally having small, dry pollen and insect flowers having nectar, scent and bright colors. Cross-pollination provides genetic diversity but requires two parents, while self-pollination only requires one but can lead to inbreeding over time. Plants use various mechanisms like separate male and female plants or maturation timing to encourage outcrossing.
Plants And Pollination Biology
The document discusses the evolution and diversity of flowering plants and their relationships with pollinators. It covers the structure of flowers, different pollination mechanisms like wind and animal pollination, floral rewards, mating systems, and factors that influence the type of pollinator a plant attracts like color, scent, and shape. Pollination syndromes are patterns of traits that attract specific pollinators, though plants can attract generalists too. Reproduction in plants involves sexual and asexual mechanisms, and plant gender systems range from hermaphroditic to dioecious.
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This document discusses pollination, defining it as the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower. It describes the two main types of pollination - self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains within or between flowers on the same plant, while cross-pollination involves the transfer between genetically different plants. The document outlines various pollination mechanisms like anemophily, entomophily and ornithophily and discusses the adaptations of flowers to each. It also describes methods to ensure cross-pollination and the importance and process of artificial pollination as well as coevolution between flowers and
Plant reproduction
Flowers produce pollen grains containing male gametes in their anthers. They attract animals to transport pollen between flowers through traits like bright petals and nectar. During pollination, pollen lands on the pistil's stigma and travels to the ovaries where fertilization may occur, forming seeds in fruits that help plants disperse to new locations through various means like wind, water, animals, or being eaten.
Fertilisation & Germination
The pollen tube grows from the pollen grain through the style towards the ovary, guided by chemicals from the ovary. As it grows, the pollen tube nucleus divides to form two male gametes. When the pollen tube enters an ovule through the micropyle, one gamete fuses with the female gamete to form a zygote through double fertilization while the other fuses with the central cell nucleus to form the endosperm nucleus. Some plants prevent self-fertilization through mechanisms like protandry where the stamens ripen before the stigma, or dioecy where individual plants bear only male or female flowers.
Unit 23 Plant Reproduction
1. Plant life cycles alternate between a sporophyte phase and gametophyte phase through the process of meiosis and fertilization.
2. The sporophyte phase produces spores via meiosis while the gametophyte phase produces gametes via mitosis which can fuse during fertilization.
3. Flowering plants undergo a double fertilization process within flowers where one sperm cell fertilizes the egg to form the embryo while another sperm cell fuses with polar nuclei to form endosperm.
Pollination, fertilisation and germination
This is a brief presentation about pollination, fertilisation and germination.
LEVEL: High School (ESL teaching)
Pollination
Sexual reproduction in angiosperms involves male and female gametes produced by flowers. The male part, the stamen, produces pollen grains in the anther. The female part, the carpel, contains the stigma, style and ovary with one or more ovules containing female gametes. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma, which can be self-pollination within the same flower or cross-pollination between different flowers. Fertilization occurs when the male gametes from the pollen tube fuse with the female gamete in the ovule, forming a zygote.
Pollination
Pollination in plants is the process where pollen is transferred from the anther, the male part of a flower, to the stigma, the female part of a flower. Pollen can be transferred to one plant or even a nearby plant so that they can get fertilized and make more flowers. This happens in plants that have flowers called angiosperms.
In this lesson you will learn about :
1) What is Pollination?
2) Types of Pollination
3) Self-Pollination
- Adaptations for Self-Pollination
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Self-Pollination
4) Cross-Pollination
- Adaptations for Cross-Pollination
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Cross-Pollination
5) Agents of Cross-Pollination
- Entomophilous
- Anemophilous
- Hydrophilous
6) Artificial Pollination
I hope this document is helpful to you. Please share the document with your friends if you think this will benefit them. Get ready for the next lesson. Thanks.
Sexual reproduction in flowering plant
Flower structure and development of male and female gametophytes in flowering plants are specially designed for fertilization. A flower has parts like pedicel, thalamus, sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. In the anther, microsporogenesis produces haploid pollen grains which develop into male gametophytes with two sperm cells. In the ovule, megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis lead to formation of the female gametophyte consisting of seven cells including the egg cell. Pollination, whether self or cross, transfers pollen for fertilization through pollen-pistil interaction where compatible pollen tubes deliver the sperm for double fertilization
Plant reproduction seed plants
Seed plants reproduce sexually through fertilization of male and female sex cells. There are two main types of seed plants: gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms, such as pine trees, have cones as their reproductive structures and rely on wind to carry pollen from male to female cones for fertilization, which can take up to 15 months. After fertilization, an embryo develops into a seed within the female cone. When mature, the female cones open and release seeds which may grow into new trees. Angiosperms, including most flowering plants, produce colorful flowers to attract animals to assist with pollination and fertilization, allowing for more rapid reproduction than gymnosperms.
Pollination : Types and significance
Pollination : Types and significance.
The Seminar presented by Biswajit Das
L.T.K. College, Department of Botany.
In order that a plant is able to produce seeds, the male and female gametes must come together.
The male gamete is produced by the androecium within the pollen grain, while the female gamete is produced by the gynoecium within the ovule.
Pollination is the process that helps in bringing male and female gametes together.
Self-pollination and cross-pollination are two major ways. Flowering plants are adapted to use vivid agents, like biotic and abiotic.
.............................................................. Thank You.
POLLINATION.pptx
Pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma and is essential for fertilization. There are three types of pollination: autogamy within the same flower, geitonogamy between flowers on the same plant, and xenogamy/cross-pollination between plants. Many plants have mechanisms like separated sex organs or self-incompatibility to encourage outbreeding and genetic diversity through cross-pollination. Pollination can be facilitated by abiotic agents like wind or water, or biotic agents like insects, birds, and other animals that are attracted to floral rewards like nectar and pollen. Pollination is vital for seed and fruit production, which benefits both
Botanical Sex In The Garden
Gardeners love to watch flowers and pollinators. Program describes pollinator-plant associations and provides some of the botanical science of pollination mechanisms
Sexual reproduction in Angiosperms
This document discusses various aspects of flowering plants including their cultural, social, and religious significance. It then describes the structure and development of flowers, stamens, carpels, pollen, and seeds. It explains the process of fertilization including pollen germination, growth of the pollen tube, and formation of the endosperm and embryo. Finally, it discusses different types of fruits, seeds, and seed dispersal mechanisms used by flowering plants.
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Plant reproduction can occur through sexual or asexual means. Sexual reproduction involves flowers and production of seeds, while asexual reproduction is vegetative and involves propagation through stems, leaves, or underground structures. The life cycle of flowering plants includes germination of seeds into seedlings, growth and maturation of plants, flowering, pollination and fertilization to produce seeds which then disperse and the cycle continues. Fruits aid in seed dispersal through various adaptations for wind, animal, or explosive dispersal. Genetically modified crops aim to introduce traits like pest resistance, disease resistance, drought tolerance, and increased nutrients, in order to address issues around food security. However, GM crops also face opposition around safety and environmental concerns.
Reproduction in flowering plants (sexual reproduction)
Reproduction in flowering plants (sexual reproduction)Shashi kumari,Delhi university,Amity university,JNU New Delhi
Flowering plants reproduce sexually through flowers. Flowers contain male stamen that produce pollen and female pistils. Fertilization occurs when pollen is transferred, or pollinated, to the stigma of the pistil. Pollination can be self-pollination within a flower or cross-pollination between flowers. After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit containing seeds. Seeds are dispersed by various methods and may germinate to form a seedling with root, shoot, and leaves developing from the radicle, hypocotyl, and epicotyl respectively.AGENCIES OF POLLINATION SMG
Pollination agents - Biotic - Zoophily: Entomophily - adaptations , types; malacophily, ornithophily, chiropterophily, pollination by other animals; abiotic pollination- Anemophily , Hydrophily
Pollination
This document discusses pollination and was presented by the group Spartans. It defines pollination as the transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive organs in plants. The document outlines different types of pollination including self-pollination, cross-pollination, abiotic pollination via wind or water, and biotic pollination via insects, birds, bats, or humans. It discusses the importance and advantages and disadvantages of self-pollination and cross-pollination. The document also discusses factors that affect pollination, artificial means of pollination, problems with pollination, and solutions to improve pollination.
Sexual reproduction in plants
The document outlines the process of sexual reproduction in flowering plants, including the structure and function of floral parts, pollination, fertilization, seed formation, dispersal, dormancy, and germination. Key points include that pollen grains produce male gametes, the embryo sac produces an egg cell and polar nuclei, double fertilization occurs, seeds vary in structure depending on whether they are endospermic or non-endospermic, and seeds require specific conditions like water and oxygen to successfully germinate.
Pollination
This document discusses pollination and the different types of pollination including self-pollination, cross-pollination, and their advantages and disadvantages. It also describes the floral adaptations for different pollination mechanisms including anemophily (wind), hydrophily (water), entomophily (insects), ornithophily (birds), and chiropterophily (bats). Key adaptations include flower size, color, scent, nectar production, pollen characteristics, and timing of anther and stigma maturation.
Chapter 16 Reproduction in Plants Lesson 2 - Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. It can occur through self-pollination within a flower or plant or cross-pollination between plants. Flowers have adapted traits for wind or insect pollination, with wind-pollinated flowers generally having small, dry pollen and insect flowers having nectar, scent and bright colors. Cross-pollination provides genetic diversity but requires two parents, while self-pollination only requires one but can lead to inbreeding over time. Plants use various mechanisms like separate male and female plants or maturation timing to encourage outcrossing.
Plants And Pollination Biology
The document discusses the evolution and diversity of flowering plants and their relationships with pollinators. It covers the structure of flowers, different pollination mechanisms like wind and animal pollination, floral rewards, mating systems, and factors that influence the type of pollinator a plant attracts like color, scent, and shape. Pollination syndromes are patterns of traits that attract specific pollinators, though plants can attract generalists too. Reproduction in plants involves sexual and asexual mechanisms, and plant gender systems range from hermaphroditic to dioecious.
Pollination
This document discusses pollination, defining it as the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower. It describes the two main types of pollination - self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains within or between flowers on the same plant, while cross-pollination involves the transfer between genetically different plants. The document outlines various pollination mechanisms like anemophily, entomophily and ornithophily and discusses the adaptations of flowers to each. It also describes methods to ensure cross-pollination and the importance and process of artificial pollination as well as coevolution between flowers and
Plant reproduction
Flowers produce pollen grains containing male gametes in their anthers. They attract animals to transport pollen between flowers through traits like bright petals and nectar. During pollination, pollen lands on the pistil's stigma and travels to the ovaries where fertilization may occur, forming seeds in fruits that help plants disperse to new locations through various means like wind, water, animals, or being eaten.
Fertilisation & Germination
The pollen tube grows from the pollen grain through the style towards the ovary, guided by chemicals from the ovary. As it grows, the pollen tube nucleus divides to form two male gametes. When the pollen tube enters an ovule through the micropyle, one gamete fuses with the female gamete to form a zygote through double fertilization while the other fuses with the central cell nucleus to form the endosperm nucleus. Some plants prevent self-fertilization through mechanisms like protandry where the stamens ripen before the stigma, or dioecy where individual plants bear only male or female flowers.
Unit 23 Plant Reproduction
1. Plant life cycles alternate between a sporophyte phase and gametophyte phase through the process of meiosis and fertilization.
2. The sporophyte phase produces spores via meiosis while the gametophyte phase produces gametes via mitosis which can fuse during fertilization.
3. Flowering plants undergo a double fertilization process within flowers where one sperm cell fertilizes the egg to form the embryo while another sperm cell fuses with polar nuclei to form endosperm.
Pollination, fertilisation and germination
This is a brief presentation about pollination, fertilisation and germination.
LEVEL: High School (ESL teaching)
Pollination
Sexual reproduction in angiosperms involves male and female gametes produced by flowers. The male part, the stamen, produces pollen grains in the anther. The female part, the carpel, contains the stigma, style and ovary with one or more ovules containing female gametes. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma, which can be self-pollination within the same flower or cross-pollination between different flowers. Fertilization occurs when the male gametes from the pollen tube fuse with the female gamete in the ovule, forming a zygote.
Pollination
Pollination in plants is the process where pollen is transferred from the anther, the male part of a flower, to the stigma, the female part of a flower. Pollen can be transferred to one plant or even a nearby plant so that they can get fertilized and make more flowers. This happens in plants that have flowers called angiosperms.
In this lesson you will learn about :
1) What is Pollination?
2) Types of Pollination
3) Self-Pollination
- Adaptations for Self-Pollination
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Self-Pollination
4) Cross-Pollination
- Adaptations for Cross-Pollination
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Cross-Pollination
5) Agents of Cross-Pollination
- Entomophilous
- Anemophilous
- Hydrophilous
6) Artificial Pollination
I hope this document is helpful to you. Please share the document with your friends if you think this will benefit them. Get ready for the next lesson. Thanks.
Sexual reproduction in flowering plant
Flower structure and development of male and female gametophytes in flowering plants are specially designed for fertilization. A flower has parts like pedicel, thalamus, sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. In the anther, microsporogenesis produces haploid pollen grains which develop into male gametophytes with two sperm cells. In the ovule, megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis lead to formation of the female gametophyte consisting of seven cells including the egg cell. Pollination, whether self or cross, transfers pollen for fertilization through pollen-pistil interaction where compatible pollen tubes deliver the sperm for double fertilization
Plant reproduction seed plants
Seed plants reproduce sexually through fertilization of male and female sex cells. There are two main types of seed plants: gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms, such as pine trees, have cones as their reproductive structures and rely on wind to carry pollen from male to female cones for fertilization, which can take up to 15 months. After fertilization, an embryo develops into a seed within the female cone. When mature, the female cones open and release seeds which may grow into new trees. Angiosperms, including most flowering plants, produce colorful flowers to attract animals to assist with pollination and fertilization, allowing for more rapid reproduction than gymnosperms.
Pollination : Types and significance
Pollination : Types and significance.
The Seminar presented by Biswajit Das
L.T.K. College, Department of Botany.
In order that a plant is able to produce seeds, the male and female gametes must come together.
The male gamete is produced by the androecium within the pollen grain, while the female gamete is produced by the gynoecium within the ovule.
Pollination is the process that helps in bringing male and female gametes together.
Self-pollination and cross-pollination are two major ways. Flowering plants are adapted to use vivid agents, like biotic and abiotic.
.............................................................. Thank You.
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Similar to Sexual reproduction-in-flowering-plants
POLLINATION.pptx
Pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma and is essential for fertilization. There are three types of pollination: autogamy within the same flower, geitonogamy between flowers on the same plant, and xenogamy/cross-pollination between plants. Many plants have mechanisms like separated sex organs or self-incompatibility to encourage outbreeding and genetic diversity through cross-pollination. Pollination can be facilitated by abiotic agents like wind or water, or biotic agents like insects, birds, and other animals that are attracted to floral rewards like nectar and pollen. Pollination is vital for seed and fruit production, which benefits both
Botanical Sex In The Garden
Gardeners love to watch flowers and pollinators. Program describes pollinator-plant associations and provides some of the botanical science of pollination mechanisms
Sexual reproduction in Angiosperms
This document discusses various aspects of flowering plants including their cultural, social, and religious significance. It then describes the structure and development of flowers, stamens, carpels, pollen, and seeds. It explains the process of fertilization including pollen germination, growth of the pollen tube, and formation of the endosperm and embryo. Finally, it discusses different types of fruits, seeds, and seed dispersal mechanisms used by flowering plants.
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This document summarizes the process of reproduction in flowering plants. It describes the main parts of a flower including the petals, sepals, stamen and carpel. It then explains the structures of insect-pollinated and wind-pollinated flowers and how they differ in attracting pollinators. The process of pollination, fertilization and seed dispersal are outlined, from the transfer of pollen grains to the growth of seeds away from the parent plant. Key terms such as self-pollination and cross-pollination are also defined.
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Vegetative propagation allows plants to reproduce rapidly without seeds or pollination by producing genetically identical offspring through structures like bulbs, corms, rhizomes and tubers. These structures store food to support new growth. Sexual reproduction involves meiosis and fusion of male and female gametes during pollination and fertilization to produce offspring with genetic variation, aiding species survival. Angiosperms typically reproduce sexually through flowers containing stamens that produce pollen and pistils containing ovules. Successful seed germination requires water, oxygen, and warm temperatures as shown through an experiment with mung bean seeds.
Sexual reproduction biology
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8-Pollination & Fecundation.ppt
This document provides information on pollination and fruit setting in plants. It discusses flower structure and types of flowers, including complete, incomplete, perfect, imperfect and other classifications. It describes pollen dehiscence, pistil receptivity, self-pollination, cross-pollination, fecundation, and the prerequisites and vegetative responses to successful pollination and fruit setting. Key terms defined include peduncle, receptacle, pollination, fertilization, and different types of fruit drop.
Sexual reproduction in plants
This document discusses sexual reproduction in flowering plants. It describes the structure and function of flowers, including their adaptations for insect-pollination versus wind-pollination. The process of pollination and fertilization is explained, along with the dispersal of seeds. Key parts of flowers like the stigma, style, anthers and ovaries are identified. The document also looks at the external and internal structures of seeds, as well as the conditions required for seed germination.
Plant reproduction gr. 6
This document summarizes plant reproduction. It explains that plants reproduce through flowers containing male stamen and female pistils. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. Plants use insect or wind pollination depending on flower adaptations. Fertilization joins male and female plant cells to form seeds within fruits. Seeds and fruits have structures that help with dispersal away from the parent plant via wind or animals to reduce competition.
My project
The document discusses various modes of pollination in angiosperms including self-pollination, cross-pollination promoted through dioecism, dichogamy, hercogamy, heterostyly and self-sterility. It also describes the primary means of pollination as wind (anemophily) or insects (entomophily), and sometimes water. Flowers adapted for wind or insect pollination have different characteristics like perianth size and color.
Plant reproduction gr. 6 2018
This document summarizes plant reproduction. It explains that plants reproduce through flowers containing male stamens and female pistils. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. Plants use insects, wind or animal dispersal to spread seeds away from the parent plant. Seed germination requires suitable temperature, oxygen and water.
$Self incompatibility
This document discusses self-incompatibility in plants. It begins by defining self-incompatibility and providing examples of plants that exhibit this trait. It then describes the different types of self-incompatibility, including those based on flower morphology (heteromorphic vs homomorphic), genes involved (monoallelic, diallelic, polyallelic), site of expression (stigmatic, stylar, ovarian), and pollen cytology (binucleate, trinucleate). The document also covers the physiological mechanisms of self-incompatibility and its importance for plant breeding through promoting outcrossing and facilitating hybrid seed production.
Flower structure, pollination, fertilization
The document discusses the reproductive parts of plants and pollination. It describes the structure of dicot and monocot flowers, including the male and female parts. It explains different types of pollination like wind, insect, bird and discusses compatible pollen. The fertilization process is outlined as pollen growing a tube to the ovary where sperm nuclei fuse with ovules to produce seeds.
life cycle of a flowering plant
This document provides an instructional media on the life cycle of flowering plants for junior high school students in Ghana. It defines key terms like pollination and fertilization and describes the male and female parts of flowers. It explains the processes of pollination, including self-pollination and cross-pollination, and the roles of different pollinators like bees, birds, bats, and wind. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate these concepts. The document also discusses how this instructional media will be used in the classroom, such as with projectors and printed materials.
Flower parts
The document introduces plants and their methods of reproduction. It discusses how larch, ash trees, and nettles reproduce sexually and/or asexually. It also describes the parts of a flower including the petal, nectary, ovary, stigma, style, sepal, anther, ovule, filament, and flower stem. It provides the function of each flower part.
Flower parts
The document provides information about plant reproduction and flower anatomy. It discusses how larch, ash trees, and nettles reproduce sexually and/or asexually. It also lists the parts of a flower and provides a brief description of the function of each part, including the petal, nectary, ovary, stigma, style, sepal, anther, ovule, filament, and flower stem. The document was donated to a teaching website as a free educational resource.
Plant Life Cycles of Flower bearing plant, spore bearing plant and Cone beari...
1. Plants produce flowers to reproduce through seeds. The flower's purpose is to help fertilization occur to produce fruits containing seeds.
2. There are two main types of seed-bearing plants - angiosperms which have flowering plants, and gymnosperms which include coniferous and non-flowering plants that bear seeds in cones or fruit-like structures.
3. Seed dispersal is the process by which seeds are spread to new locations by various means such as wind, water, explosion or animals to help plants colonize new areas.
Attracting Pollinators to Your Garden
What is pollination? What are pollinators important? This brochure provides tips for helping pollinators - they are responsible for assisting over 80% of the world's flowering plants!
Similar to Sexual reproduction-in-flowering-plants (20)
Plant Life Cycles of Flower bearing plant, spore bearing plant and Cone beari...
Plant Life Cycles of Flower bearing plant, spore bearing plant and Cone beari...
More from TRIPURARI RAI
Human reproduction-xii
The document provides an overview of the male and female reproductive systems including:
- Primary and secondary sex organs that produce and transport gametes in males (testes, ducts, glands) and females (ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina).
- The hormonal regulation of the testes and ovaries, including feedback loops between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads.
- Spermatogenesis and oogenesis, the processes by which gametes are produced in the testes and ovaries.
- The ovarian and uterine cycles regulated by hormones including estrogen and progesterone. Key events like ovulation and menstruation are described.
- Fertilization and early embryonic development up
Chap 4-animal-kingdom-vishnu1
The document discusses the classification of animals based on their fundamental features like arrangement of cells, body symmetry, presence of coelom, and patterns of digestive, circulatory, and reproductive systems. It describes the different levels of organization in animals from cellular to organ system level. Key characteristics used in classification are discussed like diploblastic/triploblastic nature, symmetry, presence of coelom, segmentation, notochord, and features of important phyla like Porifera, Coelenterata, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca.
Sexual reproduction-in-flowering-plants
This document discusses sexual reproduction in flowering plants. It covers topics like stamen structure, types of pollen grains, pollen development, pollen allergy, pollen products, pollen viability, megaspore development, pollination, self-pollination, cross-pollination, cleistogamous flowers, geitonogamy, wind pollination, water pollination, animal pollinated flowers including bees and beetles, fertilization, embryo development, fruits, seed advantages including long term dormancy, and apomixis.
THE FIBONACCI SERIES
The Fibonacci series was introduced by the Italian mathematician Fibonacci in his book Liber Abaci, where each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers, starting with 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, etc. The Fibonacci series starts with 0 and 1 and each subsequent number is the sum of the first previous numbers. It is used in many fields and can be seen in natural objects like the arrangement of petals and leaves that often follow the Fibonacci sequence of numbers.
trigonometry and application
Trigonometry is derived from Greek words meaning "three angles" and "measure". It deals with relationships between sides and angles of triangles, especially right triangles. The document discusses the history of trigonometry dating back to ancient Egypt and Babylon, and how it advanced through the works of Greek astronomer Hipparchus and Ptolemy. It also discusses the six trigonometric ratios and their formulas, various trigonometric identities, and applications of trigonometry in fields like architecture, engineering, astronomy, music, optics, and more.
geogebra
This document contains descriptions of 6 graphs with their corresponding x and y coordinates. Each graph defines a function by mapping x-values from their domain to y-values in their range. The graphs demonstrate different types of functions, including linear, constant, and piecewise functions. Geogebra is also mentioned as a tool that can be used to find the area under curves.
Atoms and molecules [autosaved]
This document discusses the history of atomic theory from ancient Indian and Greek philosophers hypothesizing about the divisibility of matter, to Democritus coining the term "atom" to refer to indivisible particles of matter. It then discusses Antoine Lavoisier establishing the laws of chemical combination including the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant proportions. John Dalton later provided his atomic theory, hypothesizing that all matter is made of atoms which are indivisible, identical for a given element, and combine in simple whole number ratios. The document then discusses concepts like atomic mass, molecules, ions, writing chemical formulas, and introduces the mole concept.
Froge and ninghtgirl
Vikram Seth is an Indian novelist and poet born in 1952 in Kolkata. He received his master's degree in economics from Stanford University in 1978 and has authored works such as The Golden Gate and A Suitable Boy. The poem tells the story of a nightingale that sings beautifully but is manipulated and exploited by a boastful frog into overexerting herself, which ultimately leads to her death.
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在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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一比一原版(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：6496090】【(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证成绩单学位证】【微信：6496090】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
学历顾问：微信：6496090
Improving the Management of Peatlands and the Capacities of Stakeholders in I...
Improving the Management of Peatlands and the Capacities of Stakeholders in I...Global Landscapes Forum (GLF)
Presented by Sonya Dewi at GLF Peatlands 2024 - 360 Degree Approach to Improving Capacity of Multiple Stakeholders to Manage Peatland SustainablyHow about Huawei mobile phone-www.cfye-commerce.shop
How about Huawei mobile phone-www.cfye-commerce.shop
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Overview of the Global Peatlands Assessment
Presented by Patrick Scheel at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Promoting Multilateral Cooperation for Sustainable Peatland management
Presented by Agus Julianto on GLF Peatlands 2024 - 360 Degree Approach to Improving Capacity of Multiple Stakeholders to Manage Peatland Sustainably
Global Peatlands Map and Hotspot Explanation Atlas
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Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Peatlands of Latin America and the Caribbean
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Enhanced action and stakeholder engagement for sustainable peatland management
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Improving the Management of Peatlands and the Capacities of Stakeholders in I...
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Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
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Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
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Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
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Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...
Enhanced action and stakeholder engagement for sustainable peatland management
Enhanced action and stakeholder engagement for sustainable peatland management
Sexual reproduction-in-flowering-plants
- 1. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS
- 3. Types of pollen grains (A-C), Pollen grains or microspores.(A-B), Entire pollen grains;C, Pollen grain in section
- 4. Development of pollen grain
- 5. Development of pollen grain
- 6. Development of pollen grain
- 7. Pollen allergy The signs and symptoms of pollen allergy Sneezing, may be accompanied by a runny or clogged nose. Itching eyes, nose, and throat. Allergic shiners (dark circles under the eyes caused by restricted blood flow near the sinuses) The "allergic salute" (in a child, persistent upward rubbing of the nose that causes a crease mark on the nose) Watering eyes, Conjunctivitis (an inflammation of the membrane that lines the eyelids, causing red-rimmed eyes). asthma & bronchitis.
- 8. Example - pollen allergy Parthenium argentatum Parthenium hysterophorus (Carrot grass)
- 9. Pollen products Increase the Performance of athletes And race horses
- 10. Pollen viability ◦ Rice flower
- 11. Flower of wheat
- 13. Mega sporangia - ovule
- 15. Megasporogenesis
- 16. Megasporogenesis
- 17. pollination ◦ What is pollination ? ◦ Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anthers to the stigma. The pollen may be transferred from the anthers to the stigma of the same, or different flowers.
- 18. pollination
- 20. Self pollination ◦ Requirements ◦ Synchrony in pollen release & stigma receptivity ◦ Anthers & stigma should lie close together
- 23. Cleistogamous flower (autogamous) Cleistogamous rapeseed flowers opened to varying degrees
- 24. Cleistogamous flower (autogamous) ◦ Autogamous – no chance of cross pollination ◦ Produce assured seed-set even in the absence of pollinators Is cleistogamy advantageous or disadvantageous?
- 25. Geitonogamy Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant Genetically similar
- 26. Wind pollination
- 28. Well exposed stamen of corn cob
- 29. Feathery stigma To trap air borne pollen grains
- 30. Water pollination - hydro Philly vallisneria Female flowers Reach the Surface of the water by a long stalk. Pollen grains are released On to the surface of water
- 31. hydrilla
- 32. era-sea grass Pollen grains –long, ribbon like, covered with mucilaginous coverings Water pollinated flowers are not colorful. Do not secrete nectar. Female flowers remain Submerged in water. Pollen grains are released inside the water.
- 33. Animal pollinated flowers ◦ Bees ◦ Butterflies ◦ Flies ◦ Beetles ◦ Wasps ◦ Moths ◦ Birds ◦ Bats etc.,
- 36. Insect pollinated flowers ◦ Large,colorful,fragrant ◦ Rich in nectar ◦ When the flowers are small - inflorescence
- 37. Pollination-animals ◦ Color of the flowers ◦ fragrance
- 38. Beetle pollinated flower Flowers secrete foul Odours to Attract this animal
- 39. Flower of Amorphophallus-6ft ht Provide safe place for Laying eggs- a floral Reward apart from Nectar & pollen grains
- 40. Flower of Amorphophallus-6ft ht
- 44. Life cycle of a plant
- 47. Dicot embryo
- 48. Fruits
- 50. Lupinus arcticus Seed germinated after 10000 Years of dormancy
- 53. Apomixis grass
- 54. A Model for Apomixis in Hieracium
- 56. apomixis
- 57. polyembryony
- 58. Seeds of orange