This document discusses knowledge-intensive service firms, sectors, and systems. It defines services, service firms, and service sectors. A service system is described as people, technologies, and resources interacting to create mutual value, often within and between firms. The document explores definitions and classifications of knowledge-intensive services, business-related services, and business services. It examines where knowledge exists within these systems and debates different ways to measure and understand knowledge. Sectoral data on workforce skills, technology use, and knowledge development is presented to analyze knowledge intensity across industries.

1. Knowledge Intensive Service firms, sectors, systems Ian Miles Professor of Technological Innovation & Social Change Centre for Service Research & MIoIR Manchester Business School

2. Towards understanding KISS

11. UK data 2004 Sectoral data – Input-output tables: what do sectors purchase? Processing large volumes of Information Making or Working with Things Requiring physical presence of People

12. Sectoral Workforce skills (educational levels) Agriculture Manufacturing HORECA Trade Transport Pub. Admin. Other Sers. FIRE Education Business Sers._ Health & Soc. Sers. HIGH SKILL LOW SKILL MEDIUM SKILL Data on EU workforce, 2000 Knowledge-intensive services Low-skill services Medium-skill services

13. Graduates in Workforce: Focus on Knowledge-Intensive (private) services -KIBS UK, CIS3 data “ technology-based KIBS” "professional KIBS"

14. Work Experience across Sectors European Working Conditions Survey

15. Knowledge Development and Use

18. ISCO Occupations and educational attainments, - shares of EU25 workforce, 2006

19. Three KISA Occupations CEDEFOP data, ISCO categories, EU-25 2006

20. Location of highly qualified workers

21. Source: Marja Toivonen More detailed KISA occupations – in KIBS and elsewhere

22. Training in formal education Other training From data in Employment in Europe 2008 ; Normalised scores; averages for each cluster of occupations Fourteen clusters of jobs

24. Features of Work across Different Occupational Groups, Europe 2005 KIS work

25. Features of Work across 4 Occupational Groups Europe 2005 – deviations from overall average for employees KIS work Own ideas New Things Complex Monotonous Unforeseen problems Use Internet Use computers Nonemployees

26. Training in formal education Other training From data in Employment in Europe 2008 ; Normalised scores; averages for each cluster of occupations Shoe cleaners.. !! Manufacturing labourers. Building finishers and related trades workers Agricultural and other mobile plant operators Directors and chief executives Health associate professionals Fashion and other models !! Animal producers & related workers Cashiers, tellers & related clerks Business services agents & trade brokers Crop & animal producers Administrative associate professionals Artistic, entertainment & sports associate professionals Architects, engineers & related professionals Bold > 10%; small font <.1% First job title in each occupational cluster

27. Key Clusters 2, 3 and 4 (16.8%) 2 3 4 5.7% of E 4.6% of E 5.5% of E Special education teaching professionals Secondary education teaching professionals Religious professionals Primary and preprimary education teaching professionals Preprimary education teaching associate professionals Physicists, chemists and related professionals Nursing and midwifery professionals Nursing and midwifery associate professionals Life science professionals Legal professionals Health professionals (except nursing) Health associate professionals (except nursing) Writers and creative or performing artists Special education teaching associate professionals Social science and related professionals Computing professionals College, university and higher education teaching professionals Business professionals Architects, engineers and related professionals Social work associate professionals Personal care and related workers Other teaching professionals Client information clerks Artistic, entertainment and sports associate professionals

28. Key Clusters 5, 7 – and 8 5 7 8 5.3% of E 17.6% of E 16.5% of E Administrative associate professionals Archivists, librarians and related information professionals Library, mail and related clerks Life science technicians and related associate professional Material recording and transport clerks Numerical clerks Optical and electronic equipment operators Other office clerks Physical and engineering science technicians Precision workers in metal and related materials Protective services workers Secretaries and keyboard operating clerks Ship and aircraft controllers and technicians Business services agents and trade brokers Computer associate professionals Finance and sales associate professionals Other teaching associate professionals Religious associate professionals Travel attendants and related workers Cashiers, tellers and related clerks Shop, stall and market salespersons and demonstrators Other personal services workers Housekeeping and restaurant services workers Cashiers, tellers and related clerks

29. End of Presentation