Presented by Melissa McLaws, Theo Knight Jones, Chris Bartels at the open session of the standing technical and research committees of the European Commission for the control of foot and mouth disease, Cavtat, Croatia, 29-31 October 2014.
EPIZOO is a complex software package for veterinary epidemiology that uses 12 modules to analyze diverse animal population health data. It provides methods for analyzing characteristics like population structures, health indicators, disease rates, risk analyses, disease dynamics, economic impacts, investigation methods, sampling techniques, and program planning and evaluation. The quality of results from EPIZOO depends on selecting the appropriate methods, using reliable input data, and properly interpreting the outputs in the context of follow-up actions.
Foot and mouth disease: An Indian perspectiveBhoj Raj Singh
FMD is an economically important disease of cloven-footed animals. It causes an estimated loss of Rs. 20-22 thousand crores per year to livestock owners in India. To control the disease, DAHDF of India launched a National FMD Control Program (FMD-CP) in 2003 with an outlay of about Rs. 500 crores a year by Central Government and each state government also invested an equally good amount of money. The program is ongoing all over India. However, results are humiliating and harassing. We are almost at the same spot from where we started 15 years back in 2003.
Control and Eradication of Animal diseases.pptxBhoj Raj Singh
The presentation details different methods and terminologies used in disease management. It briefs about different types of disease control programs run at global, regional, and national levels. It also tells about the success and failure of different disease control programs. The presentation also briefed about methods of disease control.
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that infects cats worldwide and can cause various health problems. FeLV spreads through saliva, nasal and other secretions as well as close contact between cats. Kittens and cats in multi-cat environments are most at risk. FeLV infection can lead to cancers, blood disorders, and secondary infections due to a weakened immune system. Testing can detect FeLV in the blood during early or late infection stages. Protecting cats involves keeping them indoors, vaccinating cats if possible, and separating infected from uninfected cats. Infected cats may live healthy lives for months but most die from FeLV-related illness within 2-3 years.
local names, definition, etiology,epidemiology lifecycle, pathogenesis, clinical findings, necropsy finding, diagnosis,treatment, control and prevention
Epidemiology is the study of disease patterns in populations and the factors influencing these patterns. Some key points:
- Epidemiology aims to determine disease origins, investigate control, and understand ecology and impacts on populations.
- Descriptive epidemiology characterizes disease distribution, who is affected, when and where. Analytic epidemiology examines why through comparing groups and potential risk factors.
- Studies include experimental, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort designs to analyze associations between exposures and outcomes.
- Methods include surveys, monitoring, surveillance and studying sentinel populations to track disease occurrence and changes over time.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals. It is characterized by blisters in the mouth and feet, excessive salivation, and lameness. The disease spreads through direct contact, aerosols, contaminated equipment and materials, people, predators, food, and semen. There is no treatment, but vaccination, sanitation, and biosecurity measures can control and prevent the spread.
EPIZOO is a complex software package for veterinary epidemiology that uses 12 modules to analyze diverse animal population health data. It provides methods for analyzing characteristics like population structures, health indicators, disease rates, risk analyses, disease dynamics, economic impacts, investigation methods, sampling techniques, and program planning and evaluation. The quality of results from EPIZOO depends on selecting the appropriate methods, using reliable input data, and properly interpreting the outputs in the context of follow-up actions.
Foot and mouth disease: An Indian perspectiveBhoj Raj Singh
FMD is an economically important disease of cloven-footed animals. It causes an estimated loss of Rs. 20-22 thousand crores per year to livestock owners in India. To control the disease, DAHDF of India launched a National FMD Control Program (FMD-CP) in 2003 with an outlay of about Rs. 500 crores a year by Central Government and each state government also invested an equally good amount of money. The program is ongoing all over India. However, results are humiliating and harassing. We are almost at the same spot from where we started 15 years back in 2003.
Control and Eradication of Animal diseases.pptxBhoj Raj Singh
The presentation details different methods and terminologies used in disease management. It briefs about different types of disease control programs run at global, regional, and national levels. It also tells about the success and failure of different disease control programs. The presentation also briefed about methods of disease control.
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that infects cats worldwide and can cause various health problems. FeLV spreads through saliva, nasal and other secretions as well as close contact between cats. Kittens and cats in multi-cat environments are most at risk. FeLV infection can lead to cancers, blood disorders, and secondary infections due to a weakened immune system. Testing can detect FeLV in the blood during early or late infection stages. Protecting cats involves keeping them indoors, vaccinating cats if possible, and separating infected from uninfected cats. Infected cats may live healthy lives for months but most die from FeLV-related illness within 2-3 years.
local names, definition, etiology,epidemiology lifecycle, pathogenesis, clinical findings, necropsy finding, diagnosis,treatment, control and prevention
Epidemiology is the study of disease patterns in populations and the factors influencing these patterns. Some key points:
- Epidemiology aims to determine disease origins, investigate control, and understand ecology and impacts on populations.
- Descriptive epidemiology characterizes disease distribution, who is affected, when and where. Analytic epidemiology examines why through comparing groups and potential risk factors.
- Studies include experimental, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort designs to analyze associations between exposures and outcomes.
- Methods include surveys, monitoring, surveillance and studying sentinel populations to track disease occurrence and changes over time.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals. It is characterized by blisters in the mouth and feet, excessive salivation, and lameness. The disease spreads through direct contact, aerosols, contaminated equipment and materials, people, predators, food, and semen. There is no treatment, but vaccination, sanitation, and biosecurity measures can control and prevent the spread.
Update situasi epidemiologi Avian Influenza di Indonesia, CEVA Scientific Mee...Tata Naipospos
Virus influenza aviar tingkat patogenisitas tinggi (HPAI) dan rendah (LPAI) masih menyebar luas di Indonesia, terutama di sektor perunggasan skala kecil. Virus-virus baru seperti LPAI H9N2 pertama kali dideteksi pada 2017. Pasar unggas hidup (PUH) memainkan peran penting dalam penyebaran berulang virus melalui kontak erat antara unggas dari berbagai daerah. Dinamika evolusi virus H5N1 menunjukkan be
Animal Disease Control Programs in India.pptBhoj Raj Singh
India is a hyperendemic country for many animal diseases and zoonotic diseases. Every year billions of rupees are spent on disease control, surveillance, monitoring, and vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases. However, due to the failure of most animal disease control programs for one or other reasons India directly losses about 20 and 25 thousand crores annually due to endemicity of FMD & brucellosis, respectively. The presentation describes the pros and cons of different ongoing disease control programs going on in India.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. It is caused by a picornavirus with multiple serotypes. The virus is transmitted through direct contact or contact with infected animals/materials. Clinical signs include fever and blister-like lesions in the mouth and on the feet. Diagnosis involves identifying lesions, virus isolation from samples, and serological tests. Treatment focuses on supportive care while prevention relies on quarantine, vaccination, and good biosecurity practices.
Foot and mouth disease preventive and epidemiological aspectsBhoj Raj Singh
FMD: Menace in India
Discusses problems of FMD Control in India like:
Lack of faith in farmers and veterinarians that FMD can be controlled with vaccination (due to repeated failure of vaccines in quality and vaccination failures resulting in FMD outbreaks).
Lack of infrastructure facilities for maintaining the cold chain and efficient transport to the vaccination site.
Lack of human resources for handling/ vaccinating livestock.
Needs for further researches on diagnosis (Pen-side), disinfection, vaccines and vaccination (affording at least a year immunity, quality vaccine etc.) and control strategies.
No-timely investigation or excessively delayed investigation of FMD outbreaks especially those occurring after vaccination.
Transparency in vaccine quality monitoring and vaccine purchases.
Fear in veterinarians for reporting FMD in their area of operation.
False statistics of the disease and vaccination.
No legal punitive action against suppliers of substandard FMD vaccines even after the supply of multiple substandard batches of vaccine.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in India Epidemiology and ControlBhoj Raj Singh
PPR is endemic in India in sheep & goats. Mainly young stocks are more affected. Disease occurs throughout the year but more common in October & March. Though vaccination is the only method for control & eradication, even the institutes those developed the effective vaccine in India to control the disease fear to use it because many a time outbreaks ensue on vaccination. The other important reason for persistence of disease is undeclared Policy of suppressed reporting of PPR outbreaks.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) forms syncytial cells in cattle and is related to human BRSV. It has a high morbidity rate among calves aged 0-20 weeks and is transmitted via respiratory aerosols or direct contact. Vaccination for BRSV lacks efficiency and some research has shown apparent disease enhancement upon challenge. Diagnosis involves nasal swabs within 6 days of infection and gross necropsy may show severe pulmonary edema and interstitial emphysema. Treatment focuses on supportive care, antimicrobials, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Vaccination is recommended after maternal antibodies decline using inactivated or modified live vaccines but protection is short-lived requiring frequent revaccination.
This document provides an overview of dermatophilosis, a bacterial skin disease caused by Dermatophilus congolensis that affects various livestock and occasionally humans. It discusses the synonyms, definition, causative agent, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention/control measures. Dermatophilosis is characterized by exudation and matting of hair/wool forming crusts and scabs on the skin. It is transmitted through direct contact or vectors like ticks/flies and affects young animals worldwide, causing economic losses.
The document discusses papilloma viruses, which are small, non-enveloped viruses that cause wart growths in various animal species. It covers the morphology, classification, replication cycle, and cultivation of papilloma viruses. It also summarizes several specific papilloma virus infections that affect cattle (bovine papillomatosis), horses (equine papillomatosis), and dogs (canine oral papillomatosis).
This document discusses prevention and control of foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals. It defines the disease and outlines its etiology, epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, and prevention and control strategies. Prevention focuses on strict biosecurity measures regarding animal movement, facilities, equipment, and people. Control involves surveillance, vaccination, quarantine, and culling infected or exposed animals. Vaccination can help control outbreaks but has disadvantages like short-term immunity and limited protection against different virus strains. Early detection and rapid response are critical to control disease spread.
Bovine tuberculosis epidemiology & control in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Tuberculosis in India is in hyperendemic state both in human and animals. No DOTS can help in control of human tuberculosis unless tuberculosis is controlled in animals. Control of tuberculosis in animals is a far reacheachable dream in India and thus the Tuberculosis will persist in India till the dooms day.
This document provides a detailed classification of zoonoses, or diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans, based on several factors. It describes classifications based on the nature of reservoirs, epidemiological features like life cycle and transmission mode, the animals involved like wild, pet or lab animals, physical conditions like urban vs. rural, transmission types like food-borne or vector-borne, the type of pathogen such as viral, bacterial, parasitic, and more. Many examples are given for each classification category to illustrate the different types of zoonotic diseases.
Strength and weaknesses of fmd control programme going on in india dr. kale b...Bhoj Raj Singh
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a devastating disease in many of the developing countries including India despite control programs. The FMD in India is associated with loss of about Rs. 20000 crores per annually. Government of India and different provincial governments are spending hundreds of crore rupees per year to control the disease. The FMD control programme (FMD-CP) is running in India since more than 13 years but control of the FMD is still far away dream and the Disease is regularly visiting even the government farms managed by the India's leading Veterinary and Dairy Institutes. The pros and cons of FMD-CP has been discussed in the presentation.
Blue tongue is a non-contagious, infectious, arthropod-borne viral disease of sheep, goat, cattle and deer, with a worldwide distribution. Initially, the disease was reported in sheep in South Africa in 1881 and it was ascribed as “epizootic catarrh”. In 1905, the disease was renamed as “blue tongue”. In India, the first outbreak of blue tongue disease in sheep and goat was reported by Sapre (1964) from Maharashtra. It is listed under category ‘A’ of disease by OIE. The presence of this disease disrupts international commerce by putting a trade barrier on the movement of animals, their germplasm as well as animal products (OIE Bulletin, 1998).
This document discusses transboundary zoonotic diseases from an Indian perspective. It begins by defining transboundary zoonotic diseases and providing some examples. It then discusses several major disease outbreaks and pandemics that have impacted India and the world, including plague, cholera, avian influenza, Nipah virus, and SARS. It notes factors that have contributed to the emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases, such as population growth, increased trade and travel, agricultural intensification, and environmental changes. The document emphasizes that India's large population, biodiversity, agricultural sector, and trade relationships make it vulnerable to zoonotic diseases and their impacts.
The document discusses the evolving scope of veterinary public health (VPH) in the 21st century. It defines VPH as applying veterinary skills and knowledge to protect and improve human health. VPH involves preventing zoonotic diseases and ensuring food safety. It is multidisciplinary, involving veterinarians, physicians, and other professionals. The scope of VPH has expanded and now includes areas like epidemiology, biomedical research, and the human-animal bond. Changes in farming, food production, trade, and emerging diseases are reshaping the priorities of VPH. Maintaining services in a climate of reduced resources and rapid change will require flexibility, coordination between groups, and evidence-based decision making.
Ongoing disease control programmes in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries sectors play an important role in the national economy and in the socio-economic development of the country. Livestock sector alone contributes 4.11% towards overall National GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP. The biggest impediment to growth of this sector, however, is the large-scale prevalence of diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS), Brucellosis, Black Quarter (BQ) in cattle, Enterotoxaemia, Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) & Sheep-Goat Pox in sheep and goats and Swine Fever in pigs, which drastically affect the productivity of animals. The presence of this disease not only deters the domestic economy but also foreign investment in the livestock sector. Although India have been free from disease like Rinderpest, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), presence of other economically important disease still threaten the very roots of livestock sector. This presentation describes various control programs that have been introduced by the Government of India, nationwide for controlling the infectious diseases of animals that have been or should be targeted for eradication or elimination, direct and indirect benefits from control programs, drawback issues and opportunities for the future.
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is a highly fatal disease that affects goats in parts of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. It is caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. The disease has an incubation period of 6-10 days and is highly infectious, with morbidity of 100% and mortality rates between 60-100%. Clinical signs include fever, coughing, respiratory distress, and frothy salivation. Diagnosis involves clinical signs, pathology findings of fibrinous pneumonia, and confirmation via PCR, culture, or serology. Treatment includes antibiotics while vaccination programs can help control the spread of the disease.
Dr. David Goldman - Meat/Poultry Antibiotic Residue Testing, Protecting Human...John Blue
1,552
(15.4% of
tests)
Market
Hogs
Heavy
Calves
# OF
VIOLATIVE
ANIMALs
# OF
POSITIVE
IN-PLANT
TESTS
# OF INPLANT
TESTS
SLTR
CLASS
128
(8.24% of
positives)
199
The document discusses antibiotic residue testing in meat and poultry by the USDA to protect human health. It provides an overview of the National Residue Program, including improvements made to increase annual sampling and use multi-residue screening methods. Preliminary data from the program in 2013 found violative
Presentation made at: Young Professionals Conference: Innovative Ideas to Feed the World
Marco Bianchini - FAO
Project overview
University students can synergistically contribute to eradicate hunger. Since food security is highly multidimensional, students from any disciplines will be involved in this project.
A Mobile and PC application, called “COURSEWORK-on-FEEDING“, will involve universities’ students to be part of a project that aims to provide technical assistance for NGOs and local organizations that are dealing with food security issues.
The project is based on a twin-track approach: 1) in the short-term, it provides assistance to NGOs and other local organizations; 2) in the medium and long-term, it shapes new experts in food security, by making the most of the human resources available within the universities.
Once this application is downloaded on a PC /Mobile, students can use it whenever they have to pick a topic for a coursework or a dissertation, which is often the firs critical task of the coursework.
In fact, the application provides a list of specific issues raised by NGOs and local organizations worldwide associated with the students’ area of interests. In doing so, students have the opportunity to work simultaneously on their coursework but also providing technical assistance to beneficiaries contributing to a project aiming to eradicate hunger.
The most successful coursework will be published on a free-online database.
How the application works
Fulfilling the application format, students will provide information about their coursework, area of interests and other relevant information (Annex 1).
Correspondingly, the beneficiaries will specify their needs, their objectives, a detailed description of their project and the students’ profile that are looking for (Annex 2 and3).
The application will match the students profile with the beneficiaries, providing the list of topics related to the students’ coursework/dissertation.
Project sustainability
By using this application, students are going to be part of a coursework competition award.
In fact, both beneficiaries and students will pay a symbolic amount if they want to use this application, as following indicated.
Students will pay from 0.1 to 5 euro for each coursework submitted, according to the student’s socio-economic status. Similarly, the beneficiaries will pay from 10 to 500 euro, for each issue raised, according to their economic status and other parameters.
In doing this, the award at stake is based on the number of students that have chosen to work on that specific topic plus the amount paid by the beneficiaries.
The best coursework submitted will win half of the award at stake. The other half will be used for humanitarian aids and to cover the costs of the application as well.
Including the students attending online and distance universities courses, this project can reach a significant number of
Measuring and Monitoring Foot and Mouth Disease Occurrence Melissa McLaws EuFMDFAO
Monitoring FMD is key principle of PCP
Measuring FMD occurrence to:
1. Assess FMD risk
– Within country:
oSpecies, sector, husbandry system, area
oTo target control and inform FMD impact
assessment
2. Monitor changes over time
– Detect ‘events’ (epidemics)
– Efficacy of control strategy
But what is the best way to do it?
Update situasi epidemiologi Avian Influenza di Indonesia, CEVA Scientific Mee...Tata Naipospos
Virus influenza aviar tingkat patogenisitas tinggi (HPAI) dan rendah (LPAI) masih menyebar luas di Indonesia, terutama di sektor perunggasan skala kecil. Virus-virus baru seperti LPAI H9N2 pertama kali dideteksi pada 2017. Pasar unggas hidup (PUH) memainkan peran penting dalam penyebaran berulang virus melalui kontak erat antara unggas dari berbagai daerah. Dinamika evolusi virus H5N1 menunjukkan be
Animal Disease Control Programs in India.pptBhoj Raj Singh
India is a hyperendemic country for many animal diseases and zoonotic diseases. Every year billions of rupees are spent on disease control, surveillance, monitoring, and vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases. However, due to the failure of most animal disease control programs for one or other reasons India directly losses about 20 and 25 thousand crores annually due to endemicity of FMD & brucellosis, respectively. The presentation describes the pros and cons of different ongoing disease control programs going on in India.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. It is caused by a picornavirus with multiple serotypes. The virus is transmitted through direct contact or contact with infected animals/materials. Clinical signs include fever and blister-like lesions in the mouth and on the feet. Diagnosis involves identifying lesions, virus isolation from samples, and serological tests. Treatment focuses on supportive care while prevention relies on quarantine, vaccination, and good biosecurity practices.
Foot and mouth disease preventive and epidemiological aspectsBhoj Raj Singh
FMD: Menace in India
Discusses problems of FMD Control in India like:
Lack of faith in farmers and veterinarians that FMD can be controlled with vaccination (due to repeated failure of vaccines in quality and vaccination failures resulting in FMD outbreaks).
Lack of infrastructure facilities for maintaining the cold chain and efficient transport to the vaccination site.
Lack of human resources for handling/ vaccinating livestock.
Needs for further researches on diagnosis (Pen-side), disinfection, vaccines and vaccination (affording at least a year immunity, quality vaccine etc.) and control strategies.
No-timely investigation or excessively delayed investigation of FMD outbreaks especially those occurring after vaccination.
Transparency in vaccine quality monitoring and vaccine purchases.
Fear in veterinarians for reporting FMD in their area of operation.
False statistics of the disease and vaccination.
No legal punitive action against suppliers of substandard FMD vaccines even after the supply of multiple substandard batches of vaccine.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in India Epidemiology and ControlBhoj Raj Singh
PPR is endemic in India in sheep & goats. Mainly young stocks are more affected. Disease occurs throughout the year but more common in October & March. Though vaccination is the only method for control & eradication, even the institutes those developed the effective vaccine in India to control the disease fear to use it because many a time outbreaks ensue on vaccination. The other important reason for persistence of disease is undeclared Policy of suppressed reporting of PPR outbreaks.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) forms syncytial cells in cattle and is related to human BRSV. It has a high morbidity rate among calves aged 0-20 weeks and is transmitted via respiratory aerosols or direct contact. Vaccination for BRSV lacks efficiency and some research has shown apparent disease enhancement upon challenge. Diagnosis involves nasal swabs within 6 days of infection and gross necropsy may show severe pulmonary edema and interstitial emphysema. Treatment focuses on supportive care, antimicrobials, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Vaccination is recommended after maternal antibodies decline using inactivated or modified live vaccines but protection is short-lived requiring frequent revaccination.
This document provides an overview of dermatophilosis, a bacterial skin disease caused by Dermatophilus congolensis that affects various livestock and occasionally humans. It discusses the synonyms, definition, causative agent, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention/control measures. Dermatophilosis is characterized by exudation and matting of hair/wool forming crusts and scabs on the skin. It is transmitted through direct contact or vectors like ticks/flies and affects young animals worldwide, causing economic losses.
The document discusses papilloma viruses, which are small, non-enveloped viruses that cause wart growths in various animal species. It covers the morphology, classification, replication cycle, and cultivation of papilloma viruses. It also summarizes several specific papilloma virus infections that affect cattle (bovine papillomatosis), horses (equine papillomatosis), and dogs (canine oral papillomatosis).
This document discusses prevention and control of foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals. It defines the disease and outlines its etiology, epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, and prevention and control strategies. Prevention focuses on strict biosecurity measures regarding animal movement, facilities, equipment, and people. Control involves surveillance, vaccination, quarantine, and culling infected or exposed animals. Vaccination can help control outbreaks but has disadvantages like short-term immunity and limited protection against different virus strains. Early detection and rapid response are critical to control disease spread.
Bovine tuberculosis epidemiology & control in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Tuberculosis in India is in hyperendemic state both in human and animals. No DOTS can help in control of human tuberculosis unless tuberculosis is controlled in animals. Control of tuberculosis in animals is a far reacheachable dream in India and thus the Tuberculosis will persist in India till the dooms day.
This document provides a detailed classification of zoonoses, or diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans, based on several factors. It describes classifications based on the nature of reservoirs, epidemiological features like life cycle and transmission mode, the animals involved like wild, pet or lab animals, physical conditions like urban vs. rural, transmission types like food-borne or vector-borne, the type of pathogen such as viral, bacterial, parasitic, and more. Many examples are given for each classification category to illustrate the different types of zoonotic diseases.
Strength and weaknesses of fmd control programme going on in india dr. kale b...Bhoj Raj Singh
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a devastating disease in many of the developing countries including India despite control programs. The FMD in India is associated with loss of about Rs. 20000 crores per annually. Government of India and different provincial governments are spending hundreds of crore rupees per year to control the disease. The FMD control programme (FMD-CP) is running in India since more than 13 years but control of the FMD is still far away dream and the Disease is regularly visiting even the government farms managed by the India's leading Veterinary and Dairy Institutes. The pros and cons of FMD-CP has been discussed in the presentation.
Blue tongue is a non-contagious, infectious, arthropod-borne viral disease of sheep, goat, cattle and deer, with a worldwide distribution. Initially, the disease was reported in sheep in South Africa in 1881 and it was ascribed as “epizootic catarrh”. In 1905, the disease was renamed as “blue tongue”. In India, the first outbreak of blue tongue disease in sheep and goat was reported by Sapre (1964) from Maharashtra. It is listed under category ‘A’ of disease by OIE. The presence of this disease disrupts international commerce by putting a trade barrier on the movement of animals, their germplasm as well as animal products (OIE Bulletin, 1998).
This document discusses transboundary zoonotic diseases from an Indian perspective. It begins by defining transboundary zoonotic diseases and providing some examples. It then discusses several major disease outbreaks and pandemics that have impacted India and the world, including plague, cholera, avian influenza, Nipah virus, and SARS. It notes factors that have contributed to the emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases, such as population growth, increased trade and travel, agricultural intensification, and environmental changes. The document emphasizes that India's large population, biodiversity, agricultural sector, and trade relationships make it vulnerable to zoonotic diseases and their impacts.
The document discusses the evolving scope of veterinary public health (VPH) in the 21st century. It defines VPH as applying veterinary skills and knowledge to protect and improve human health. VPH involves preventing zoonotic diseases and ensuring food safety. It is multidisciplinary, involving veterinarians, physicians, and other professionals. The scope of VPH has expanded and now includes areas like epidemiology, biomedical research, and the human-animal bond. Changes in farming, food production, trade, and emerging diseases are reshaping the priorities of VPH. Maintaining services in a climate of reduced resources and rapid change will require flexibility, coordination between groups, and evidence-based decision making.
Ongoing disease control programmes in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries sectors play an important role in the national economy and in the socio-economic development of the country. Livestock sector alone contributes 4.11% towards overall National GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP. The biggest impediment to growth of this sector, however, is the large-scale prevalence of diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS), Brucellosis, Black Quarter (BQ) in cattle, Enterotoxaemia, Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) & Sheep-Goat Pox in sheep and goats and Swine Fever in pigs, which drastically affect the productivity of animals. The presence of this disease not only deters the domestic economy but also foreign investment in the livestock sector. Although India have been free from disease like Rinderpest, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), presence of other economically important disease still threaten the very roots of livestock sector. This presentation describes various control programs that have been introduced by the Government of India, nationwide for controlling the infectious diseases of animals that have been or should be targeted for eradication or elimination, direct and indirect benefits from control programs, drawback issues and opportunities for the future.
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is a highly fatal disease that affects goats in parts of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. It is caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. The disease has an incubation period of 6-10 days and is highly infectious, with morbidity of 100% and mortality rates between 60-100%. Clinical signs include fever, coughing, respiratory distress, and frothy salivation. Diagnosis involves clinical signs, pathology findings of fibrinous pneumonia, and confirmation via PCR, culture, or serology. Treatment includes antibiotics while vaccination programs can help control the spread of the disease.
Dr. David Goldman - Meat/Poultry Antibiotic Residue Testing, Protecting Human...John Blue
1,552
(15.4% of
tests)
Market
Hogs
Heavy
Calves
# OF
VIOLATIVE
ANIMALs
# OF
POSITIVE
IN-PLANT
TESTS
# OF INPLANT
TESTS
SLTR
CLASS
128
(8.24% of
positives)
199
The document discusses antibiotic residue testing in meat and poultry by the USDA to protect human health. It provides an overview of the National Residue Program, including improvements made to increase annual sampling and use multi-residue screening methods. Preliminary data from the program in 2013 found violative
Presentation made at: Young Professionals Conference: Innovative Ideas to Feed the World
Marco Bianchini - FAO
Project overview
University students can synergistically contribute to eradicate hunger. Since food security is highly multidimensional, students from any disciplines will be involved in this project.
A Mobile and PC application, called “COURSEWORK-on-FEEDING“, will involve universities’ students to be part of a project that aims to provide technical assistance for NGOs and local organizations that are dealing with food security issues.
The project is based on a twin-track approach: 1) in the short-term, it provides assistance to NGOs and other local organizations; 2) in the medium and long-term, it shapes new experts in food security, by making the most of the human resources available within the universities.
Once this application is downloaded on a PC /Mobile, students can use it whenever they have to pick a topic for a coursework or a dissertation, which is often the firs critical task of the coursework.
In fact, the application provides a list of specific issues raised by NGOs and local organizations worldwide associated with the students’ area of interests. In doing so, students have the opportunity to work simultaneously on their coursework but also providing technical assistance to beneficiaries contributing to a project aiming to eradicate hunger.
The most successful coursework will be published on a free-online database.
How the application works
Fulfilling the application format, students will provide information about their coursework, area of interests and other relevant information (Annex 1).
Correspondingly, the beneficiaries will specify their needs, their objectives, a detailed description of their project and the students’ profile that are looking for (Annex 2 and3).
The application will match the students profile with the beneficiaries, providing the list of topics related to the students’ coursework/dissertation.
Project sustainability
By using this application, students are going to be part of a coursework competition award.
In fact, both beneficiaries and students will pay a symbolic amount if they want to use this application, as following indicated.
Students will pay from 0.1 to 5 euro for each coursework submitted, according to the student’s socio-economic status. Similarly, the beneficiaries will pay from 10 to 500 euro, for each issue raised, according to their economic status and other parameters.
In doing this, the award at stake is based on the number of students that have chosen to work on that specific topic plus the amount paid by the beneficiaries.
The best coursework submitted will win half of the award at stake. The other half will be used for humanitarian aids and to cover the costs of the application as well.
Including the students attending online and distance universities courses, this project can reach a significant number of
Measuring and Monitoring Foot and Mouth Disease Occurrence Melissa McLaws EuFMDFAO
Monitoring FMD is key principle of PCP
Measuring FMD occurrence to:
1. Assess FMD risk
– Within country:
oSpecies, sector, husbandry system, area
oTo target control and inform FMD impact
assessment
2. Monitor changes over time
– Detect ‘events’ (epidemics)
– Efficacy of control strategy
But what is the best way to do it?
Este documento presenta el tema 11 sobre seguridad alimentaria del hogar en el marco del Censo Agropecuario Mundial 2020. Propone medir la inseguridad alimentaria a través de la Escala de Experiencia de Inseguridad Alimentaria (FIES), que consiste en 8 preguntas sobre experiencias de inseguridad alimentaria. También recomienda incluir ítems sobre los efectos de desastres naturales y las pérdidas de producción agrícola debido a ellos. Finalmente, presenta ejemplos de cómo Nicaragua y El
Food Security Measurement in the Context of the Sustainable Development Goals...FAO
FIRST Webinar #3 - Food Security Measurement in the Context of the Sustainable Development Goals Monitoring Framework
This presentation was prepared for a webinar is organized jointly with the European Commission Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development, in the framework of the FAO-EU Partnership Programme: Food and Nutrition Security Impact, Resilience, Sustainability and Transformation (FIRST).
SPEAKER:
Mr Carlo Cafiero, Senior Statistician and Economist, FAO Statistics Division
MODERATOR:
Ms Terri Ballard, Food and Nutrition Security Measurement Specialist, FAO Statistics Division
Find out more about FIRST, FAO-EU Partnership Programme: http://www.fao.org/europeanunion/eu-projects/first/en/
Panorama de la Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional en América Latina y el Car...FAO
www.fao.org/publications/panorama-2016
Esta publicación es el primer paso, de una serie de esfuerzos coordinados entre la FAO y la OPS para poner fin al hambre, lograr la seguridad alimentaria y mejorar de la nutrición y promover la agricultura sostenible, de suerte que nuestros Estados Miembros puedan alcanzar el Objetivo 2 de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Esperamos que este esfuerzo también sirva de motivación a los gobiernos, las agencias internacionales de desarrollo, los donantes, el sector privado, y la sociedad civil de coordinar acciones para poner fin al hambre y la malnutrición.
The document contains 10 charts summarizing various business and economic metrics in the UK, including:
- Retail market share of liquid milk sales in 2016 was dominated by the top 5 multiples at 72.5% share.
- Google held the vast majority (86.75%) of the search engine market in the UK as of June 2016.
- Tesco had the largest grocery store market share in Great Britain from 2015-2016 at around 29%.
Dr. Mike Roof - Current status - "State of the Union" - PRRS vaccine researchJohn Blue
Current status - State of the Union - PRRS vaccine research - Dr. Mike Roof, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, from the 2017 North American PRRS/National Swine Improvement Federation Joint Meeting, December 1‐3, 2017, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2017-north-american-prrs-nsif-joint-meeting
The Flu-FIT Program : An Effective Colorectal Cancer Screening Intervention
Présentation de Michael B. Potter au colloque "Recherche interventionnelle contre le cancer : Réunir chercheurs, décideurs et acteurs de terrain » - 17 et 18 novembre 2014, BnF, Paris
1) The document discusses video directly observed therapy (VDOT) for tuberculosis treatment monitoring as an alternative to in-person directly observed therapy (DOT).
2) Several studies on VDOT found high adherence rates, high patient and provider satisfaction, and cost savings compared to in-person DOT. However, VDOT requires consistent internet connectivity.
3) Larger VDOT studies in multiple cities found adherence rates averaged 87-93% and cost savings of 20-46% compared to in-person DOT. Factors like country of birth, time on VDOT, and ease of use impacted adherence.
The document summarizes a study analyzing the efficacy of the HPV vaccine in men. The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of over 4000 males aged 16-26 years old across 18 countries. Results showed the vaccine was 60-90% effective at preventing genital warts, lesions, and persistent HPV infection associated with HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18. Adverse effects were mild and similar between the vaccine and placebo groups. The study demonstrates the HPV vaccine can effectively prevent HPV-related diseases in males.
This meta-analysis reviewed 14 prospective trials and 12 case-control studies to analyze the efficacy of the BCG vaccine in preventing tuberculosis (TB). The analysis found that BCG vaccination was 51% effective at preventing TB based on data from 13 trials. Case-control studies also indicated a 50% protective effect against TB from BCG vaccination. However, there was significant heterogeneity between the studies with efficacy ranging from no benefit to 80% protection. Geographic location and study validity scores explained some of the differences in results between studies.
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate-sensitive diseases in Viet...ILRI
This project developed early warning systems for climate-sensitive diseases in Vietnam from 2015-2017. Field studies involved collecting swine and maize samples from five provinces to test for diseases. The project achieved developing risk maps and models showing the seasonality and climate associations of diseases. Capacity building activities included epidemiology and GIS training. Challenges included lack of existing surveillance systems and resources for implementing the developed warning tools.
Jill Blumenthal, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
This document discusses various types of epidemiological study designs. It describes observational studies like case studies, case series, cross-sectional studies and ecological studies which are descriptive in nature. Analytical observational studies include case-control and cohort studies. Experimental studies involve intervention and comparison groups like randomized controlled trials. The stages of epidemiological investigations are also outlined, from the diagnostic and descriptive phases to the analytical, intervention, decision-making and monitoring phases. Common epidemiological terms like relative risk, odds ratio and attributable risk are defined.
PrEP has been successful in preventing HIV transmission but has led to increased bacterial STI rates. Research suggests PrEP using antibiotics may help control STIs by reducing transmission, though evidence is limited. Doxycycline treatment in one study reduced STI incidence in HIV+ men. However, widespread antibiotic use risks antimicrobial resistance. PrEP for STIs needs more research on effects and should be part of comprehensive prevention strategies that consider targeting, monitoring, and equity. It may contribute to global goals if risks like resistance are addressed.
Infectious disease emergencies are opportunities to test the efficacy of newly developed interventions (e.g. drugs, vaccines and treatment regimens), yet they raise many intertwined challenges of politics, logistics, ethics, and study design. Consistent with the efforts of CEPI, WHO, and others to encourage development and Phase I/II testing of candidate vaccines (the focus of this talk) in advance of emergencies, it is essential before the emergency strikes to advance the discussion of how such products can and should be tested. This can help to disentangle ethical from political and logistical concerns, reduce the time pressure to make a decision, and encourage rational deliberation by future stakeholders who at the time of deliberation do not know what role (which product, which field site) they may be supporting in an actual emergency.
At this luncheon, Professor Marc Lipsitch described his work on computer simulation of vaccine trials during epidemics to assess options for trial design, as well as some of his recent work on the ethics of trials in emergencies, with the aim to stimulate discussion on the intersection of these two topics.
For more, please see our website: http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/digital-health-harvard-series-november-2018
The 3-year final analysis of a trial of the M72/AS01E tuberculosis vaccine showed:
1) The vaccine provided 49.7% efficacy against bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis over 3 years in HIV-negative, M. tuberculosis infected adults.
2) Among vaccinated participants, M72-specific antibody and CD4+ T cell responses increased after vaccination and were sustained over 3 years.
3) Serious adverse events, potential immune-mediated diseases, and deaths occurred at similar rates between the vaccine and placebo groups, demonstrating an acceptable safety profile over 3 years.
The document discusses Project ECHO and its mission to expand access to specialty healthcare for common and complex diseases in rural and underserved areas. Project ECHO uses teleconferencing and case-based learning to train primary care clinicians to treat and manage conditions like hepatitis C. An evaluation showed primary care clinicians trained through Project ECHO achieved similar treatment outcomes for hepatitis C as specialists at a university medical center, improving access to care for rural and minority populations.
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in VietnamILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Hu Suk Lee, PD Phuc, NV Khong, HM Thanh, BN Vuong, NV Huyen, Johanna Lindahl, Bernard Bett, Fred Unger and Delia Grace at the 3rd annual progress reporting and coordinating meeting on CCAFS projects and climate-smart village implementation in Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, 20–22 November 2017.
Vaccination in adults - Slideset by Professor Paolo BonanniWAidid
The slideset by professor Paolo Bonanni on vaccination in adults makes an overview on influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and tick borne encephalitis. Where we were and where we are.
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines what research is and discusses different types of research including epidemiological, basic, applied, operational, and action research. It also covers study designs such as observational and experimental studies. Key aspects of developing a research question like formulation and using the PICO/PECO framework are explained. Study objectives, hypotheses, variables, and ethics are also addressed. The document concludes with suggestions for critically reviewing a research article by evaluating aspects like introduction, methods, analysis, results, and conclusions.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
2. 3
• Useful:
‒ To define/monitor level of infection
‒ Gives picture over time (cumulative)
‒ To differentiate risk in different regions, populations &
measure economic impact
• Complements outbreak surveillance (clinical FMD)
‒ Advantages: Captures subclinical infection, unreported disease
‒ Limitations: Resource intensive
• This study: Review use of serosurveillance globally
‒ Survey objectives, methodology, results
Serosurveillance for FMD Infection
3. Serosurveillance and the PCP
Level of
infection
Measuring
impact of
control
Towards
elimination
of
circulation
Proving
absence of
virus
circulation
Objective Assessment of Progress of PCP for FMD
Implement
risk-based
control
2
1Identify risk
and control
options
Maintain zero
circulation
and
incursions
4
Implement
Control strategy
to eliminate
circulation
3
Maintain zero
circulation;
withdraw
vaccination
5
4. 5
• Literature review:
1. Google Scholar search: (2005-2015)
1. “foot and mouth disease prevalence (no hand)”
2. “foot and mouth disease serological survey (no hand)”
3. “foot and mouth disease serosurveillance”
2. Look at references in papers
3. Limit to domestic species, non-free countries
• Studies from colleagues (EuFMD, FAO, WRL)
• Develop database :
• Study date, objective , species, number of samples, number
epi-units, number regions, lab test used,
• Adjust for Se/Sp, vaccination, age
• Results: animal-level, epi-unit level, regional-level
Methods
5. 6
• 48 surveys identified:
• 9 reported species-specific results separately → 57 studies to
report
• 22 different countries represented, virus pool 1-6
Results
Number of studies by virus pool:
2005-2014
1: E. Asia
2: S. Asia
3: W. Eurasia
4: NE Africa
5: NW Africa
6: S. Africa
73248
212034
173354
64717
1244 1093
Number of samples per virus pool
2005-2014
7. 8
Survey objective:
• study epidemiology or measure “FMD prevalence”
• At wildlife interface (3)
• Inform plans for zoning (3)
• Post outbreak (1)
• Economic impact on exports to Arabic countries (Ethiopia)
• Surveillance for eradication (Taiwan)
• 47% (27/57) were national surveys, rest focused on a
particular region within the country
• 4 studies used sera from rinderpest eradication
campaign
Results
8. 9
Species Number
Surveys
Sample size
(mean, range)
Large ruminants 32 11,671 (228-52,224)
Small ruminants 14 6,000 (46-32,000)
Pigs 2 27,262 (766-53,759)
Mixed 5 3414 (448-9,241)
Not reported 2 1,716 (923-2,510)
Results
• Sample size varied from 46 to > 53,000
9. 10
• Test used:
• NSP ELISA: 56% (32)
• liquid phase blocking ELISA: 12 %
(7)
• LPB and NSP ELISAs : 28% (16)
(NSP results reported)
• virus neutralisation test: 4% (2)
• 4 studies reported adjustment
for Se/Sp of test
Results
10. 11
1. Vaccination:
• 60% (34) studies did not report if animals vaccinated or not
• 19% (11) : animals not vaccinated
• 16% (9) mix of vaccinated and unvaccinated
• 5% (3) animals were vaccinated
2. Age:
• 49% (27) did not report
• 31% (17) included in risk factor analysis
• 27% (15) found higher seroprevalence in adults; 4% (2) found no
difference
• 16% (9) young animals only
• 2% (1) only adult animals
Results: How the surveys dealt with....
11. 12
Results: animal level
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
%populationseropositive
Virus Pool
Mean survey seroprevalence, by virus pool
(Bubble size proportional to number of samples)
Large ruminants
Small Ruminants
13. 14
1. Regional level (= animal level prevalence in different regions)
• 49% (27) studies measured prevalence in different regions
• Regional difference reported varied enormously:
• 3-100% absolute difference (18% on average)
2. Epi-unit level: % farms or villages “positive”
(definition of positive varies from 1-5 infected
animals)
1. Assessed in 20% (11) studies
2. % positive epi-units ranged from 20-87%
Results: Regional level, Epi-unit level
14. 15
• Number of studies increasing over time (?)
• Pools 5, 6, 7 (W. & S. Africa, S. America seem
under-represented)...
• BUT many studies may be unpublished
Discussion
15. 16
• Study design will influence results enormously
• Age of animals, vaccination status, study area, diagnostic test
• Not consistently reported or analysed
• Reporting of results: animal vs epi-unit level
• Epi-unit level analysis appropriate because FMD is so infectious
• Impacts interpretation and comparability of results
¾Need for guidelines??
• Objectives: when to do serosurvey, why?
• Study design, including how to minimise bias/confounding
• Data analysis: animal level, epi unit level
• Interpretation of results
Discussion
16. 17
• Address specific policy or research questions:
• Strategy development (eg zoning), role of different species incl. wildlife
• Demonstrate subclincial disease, under reporting, freedom from disease
• Some countries invest large amount annually
• detailed tracking and analysis at subnational level
Discussion: Value of serosurveys
17. 18
Discussion: Serosurveys and the PCP
PCP Stage
Stage 1 FOCUS
Getting an
understanding
about FMD
virus
transmission
and impact
Stage 2 FOCUS
Implement risk-
based control to
reduce impact
of clinical FMD
Stage 3 FOCUS
Implement
control targeted
at eliminating
FMDV
circulation
Stage 4 FOCUS
Zero-tolerance
of FMD
outbreaks, with
vaccination
Stage 5 FOCUS
Keeping zero-
tolerance of
FMD outbreaks,
without
vaccination
Use of
Serosurvey
Define risks
Monitor risk
and FMD as
RBSP is
implemented
Demonstrate
reduced virus
circulation
Demonstrate
FMD freedom
Demonstrate
FMD freedom
With appropriate
design, analysis and
interpretation!