This document discusses self-injurious oral habits. It defines self-injurious behavior as acts that result in self-inflicted physical damage. Examples mentioned include lip, cheek and tongue biting. The document classifies these habits into organic habits caused by medical conditions and functional habits which are learned behaviors. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach including dental appliances for injury prevention, behavior modification techniques, and restraints for severe cases. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of considering self-injurious habits in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic oral lesions in children.
self correcting anomalies in the development of occlusion. this ppt includes the anomalies of a child's developing occlusion which get corrected by itself in some time as the development continues. This includes Retrognathic mandible,infantile swallow,anterior open and deep bite,etc. these topics are important in BDS final examination
self correcting anomalies in the development of occlusion. this ppt includes the anomalies of a child's developing occlusion which get corrected by itself in some time as the development continues. This includes Retrognathic mandible,infantile swallow,anterior open and deep bite,etc. these topics are important in BDS final examination
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
TYPES OF TRAUMA FROM OCCLUSION
GLICKMAN CONCEPT
WAERHAUG CONCEPT
STAGES OF TISSUE RESPONSE TO INJURY
CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF TFO
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF TFO
TFO AND IMPLANTS
TREATMENT OF TFO
CONCLUSION
REFRENCES
Border Moulding in Complete Denture Prosthesis ,This Seminar was presented By Dr. Alim Al Razi,DR. Halima Sadia, and Dr. Tahmina Akter at prosthodontics Department ,Dhaka Dental College and Hospital.We tried To cover Full theoretical and practical Information Regarding This Topic.
Gingivectomy and gingivoplasty are the periodontal surgical procedures. It was first introduced by Pierre fauchard. It is used in pocket elimination by gingival resection whereas gingivoplasty refers to recontouring of gingiva in the absence of pockets.
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
TYPES OF TRAUMA FROM OCCLUSION
GLICKMAN CONCEPT
WAERHAUG CONCEPT
STAGES OF TISSUE RESPONSE TO INJURY
CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF TFO
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF TFO
TFO AND IMPLANTS
TREATMENT OF TFO
CONCLUSION
REFRENCES
Border Moulding in Complete Denture Prosthesis ,This Seminar was presented By Dr. Alim Al Razi,DR. Halima Sadia, and Dr. Tahmina Akter at prosthodontics Department ,Dhaka Dental College and Hospital.We tried To cover Full theoretical and practical Information Regarding This Topic.
Gingivectomy and gingivoplasty are the periodontal surgical procedures. It was first introduced by Pierre fauchard. It is used in pocket elimination by gingival resection whereas gingivoplasty refers to recontouring of gingiva in the absence of pockets.
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The SlideShare 101 is a quick start guide if you want to walk through the main features that the platform offers. This will keep getting updated as new features are launched.
The SlideShare 101 replaces the earlier "SlideShare Quick Tour".
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Role of oral habits in dimensional changes /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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Child abuse and neglect is a major health problem all over the world. In most of the cases the perpetrator is someone whom the child or the parent knows. April has been designated Child Abuse Prevention Month in the United States since 1983. U.S. President Barack Obama continued that tradition by declaring April 2009 Child Abuse Prevention Month.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
the aims of orthodontics is to treat protruded teeth to prevent trauma . crowded teeth help initiation of caries so their treatment is indicated by orthodontics
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
7. Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) may be defined as that
which results in the infliction of physical damage
and, perhaps, pain upon oneself.
The manifestations may be seen as finger biting, skin
cutting, head banging, and trauma to the oral
tissues and genital.
Self-inflicted oral mutilation (masochistic habits) is
defined as deliberate harm to one's own body
without suicidal intentions.
Documented cases exist of tooth self-extraction, nail
biting (NB), tongue mutilation, sucking digits, or
sucking a variety of foreign objects. Pencils, pens,
eyeglass, earpieces, toothpicks, knives, dental floss,
thread, and pacifiers are some of the items that
have been reported as instruments of self-inflicted
gingival injury.
8. Repetitive acts that result in physical damage
to the person.
Example: Gingival stripping, Cheek biting,
Tongue biting, Lip biting.
9. Extremely rare in normal child.
It is between 10-20% in mentally retarded population.
Prevalence: Higher in females.
In the general population, prevalence is estimated at 750 in
1,00,000.
Increasing in developmentally disabled individuals from 7.7%
to 22.8% and reaching 40% in profoundly retarded individuals.
13. Ayer and Levin(1974)
(based on the aetiology)
1)Organic:-
This consists of syndromes and syndrome-like maladies such as
Lesch-Nyhan and de Lange’s which have been associated with self-
mutilation such as repetitive lip, tongue, finger, knee and shoulder
biting.
2)Functional:-
This is subdivided by Stewart and Kernohan into:
Type A behaviour are injuries superimposed on a pre-existing lesion.
E.g.: A skin lesion perpetuated by a skin biting habit.
14. • Type B are injuries secondary to another established habit.
E.g.: Rotating the thumb during sucking process causes
ulcerations on the palatal gingiva. If the established habit is
discontinued then the lesion disappears.
• Type C: Injuries of unknown or complex aetiology.
This has greater psychogenic component.
There may be multiple symptoms of great intensity.
These habits may serve as form on stress release.
Mallson and Robertson have concluded that castration fears,
failures to resolve oedipal conflicts, represented homosexual
impulses, severe guilt and self-punishment are ubiquitous
phenomenon in type C behaviours.
15. These may produce factitial injuries, 75% of
which are located in the head and neck region.
Oral structures such as gingiva, oral mucosa,
tooth supporting structures or teeth maybe
affected.
They usually consists of putting fingernails or
foreign objects in the gingival sulcus, digital
pressure on the oral structures or biting of tissue.
16. Factitial oral lesions (FOL) include factitial
gingivitis, factitial periodontitis, factitial
ulcer, and self-extraction.
The symptoms of both the functional and
organic categories of self-injurious
behaviour appear to be exacerbated
during stressful situation.
It has been observed that some children
experience a feeling of neglect,
abandonment, and loneliness, and through
the use of self-injurious behaviour they
attempt to solicit attention and love.
Thus, some form of emotional stress, such as
personal unhappiness, loss of security, or an
unresolved pain producing dental condition
is an important etiological factor.
17. It has been suggested that self-mutilation
is a learned behaviour.
This maybe because attention is always
gained, reinforcing the behaviour.
But any child who willingly inflicts pain to
himself should be considered
psychologically abnormal.
19. •Requires multidisciplinary approach.
•The role of paediatric dentist in treatment
is to elicit a thorough social and medical
history and correctly diagnose the
condition so as to distinguish it from one of
physiological aetiology solely.
•After the diagnosis has been determined,
referral to primary care physician usually
paediatrician is done.
20. Adjunctive therapy maybe initiated by the dentist to aid in
the healing of oral ulcerations.
A squib oral bandage is beneficial to healing of oral tissues,
as well as serving as a Habit Reminder.
Oral Bandage
21. In addition, an ORAL SHIELD maybe fabricated and inserted
into the mouth at night.
This appliance will deter the child from unconscious
continuation of the habit.
This therapy should not be instilled alone, but used as part of
the multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of self-
injurious behaviour.
Oral Shield
22. The technique used for behaviour modification includes:
1. Continuous positive reinforcement while self-mutilative
responses are absent.
2. Withdrawal of positive reinforcement upon self-mutilation.
At each consultation, the patient should receive
instructions regarding the importance of habit interruption
for the maintenance of gingival health until total removal
of the appliance.
Restraints may be the reliable means of preventing injury
to the self-injurious behaviour-affected individual, physical
restraints include mittens, arm-boards, facial masks,
helmets and restrictive clothing, but requires constant
wear if they are to be successful.
25. Although the diagnosis of self-inflicted
oral mutilation may be a challenge for
the paediatric dentists, this should not
prevent the consideration of this
possibility when idiopathic lesions are
present in a child.
Appropriate preventive methods need
to be developed for each patient based
on reasonable consideration.
26. Masochistic habits in a child patient: A case report and its management
John Baby John, Vilvanathan Praburajan, Ariudainambi Stalin, and Murali Krishnan
(International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science 2013 Jul-Sep; 3(3): 211–
213)
(PMCID: PMC3883201)
Textbook of Pedodontics, Dr.Shobha Tandon, 2nd
edition, Page:492
Textbook of Pediatric Dentistry,Nikhil Marwah,3rd
edition,Page374
Clinical Pedodontics,Finn,4th
edition,Page 370