The document presents a case study of the rural community of Somsar in Bankura District, West Bengal. It analyzes the village's current socioeconomic conditions and identifies key issues like poverty, unemployment, and lack of healthcare and sanitation. The author then proposes a 3-phase community development project with objectives like generating employment, improving sanitation and healthcare, promoting environmental sustainability, and increasing awareness. Surveys were conducted to analyze the village's baseline conditions and inform the project design. The project aims to ultimately improve livelihoods and self-sufficiency in Somsar through participatory development approaches.

1. Human Development Index of A Rural
Community : A Case study of Somsar,
Bankura District( West Bengal)
By
Rangeet Mitra
Student
MBA-PS (Environment),IISWBM
Under Guidance of
Dr Gour Das
Secretary (Vivekananda Swasthya Seva Sangha)
&
Prof Dr Binoy Krishna Choudhury
HOD, MBA-PS (IISWBM)

2. Initial Phase
• After planning to carry on our rural community development program, we have gone to three most affected villages [Lalgarh (West-Midnapore), Dhamua
(South 24 Parganas), Somsar ( Bankura)] in West Bengal.
• We have decided to work at Somsar .
1.Maoist Penetration.
2.Alcoholic Youths
3.Poor Transport
4.Underprivileged and
poverty-stricken Society
5. Inadequacy of Health service.
6.Inactive Administration
7.War-climate
8.Low education rate.
9.Disabled Social linkage.
Lalgarh
(West Midnapore)
1.Agricultural based Village.
2.Insufficient health support.
3.Poor Education facility.
4.Negligience in the development.
5.Destruction of Ecosystem.
6.Negative impact of urbanization.
7.Political Conflicts
8. Deterioration of culture.
9.Violence against Women.
10. Child trafficking.
11.Unemployment.
12. Middleman interventions
Dhamua
(South 24 Parganas)
1.Multi –cropped land.
2.Religious Bonding.
3.Properly connected with the town.
4.Honest and Simple inhabitants of
Somsar village.
5.Comfortable weather.
6.Provisions for work to grow.
7.New Innitiatives for work can be
ushered in.
8.New trends of village culture.
9.Unemployment and poor
health condition.
10.Awareness level is low.
Somsar
( Bankura)
Comparative study of three villages :

3. Road to Somsar

4. Google Map of Somsar

5. Mouja Map of Somsar

6. Introduction
‘Somsar is a village located on the bank of the river Damodar in
Bankura District.’ (Wikipedia) The geographical area of the village is
772.89 hectares and it is under Indus block of Bankura. According to
the 2011 Census, 4421 people have been living at somsar and it is
noticeable that females populations are 2136 and 2285 males have been
living there. Major profession of the villagers is agriculture. Lastly, the
village is the birth place of Srimat Swami Bhuteshanandaji (the twelfth
President of the Ramakrishna Order). Many tourists and devotees have
been coming to the Somsar to visit Ramakrishna Mission.

7. Objective
1.To upgrade the transport and healthcare
system of Somsar.
2.To motivate people to use the modern
toilet system.
3.To make Somsar, pollution and hazard
free Eco-village
4.To Increase the employment in the village.
6.To harness more renewable energy, for
the villagers.
7.To help reduce the living cost of
the villagers with compare to income.
8.To encourage people for entrepreneurship.
9. To upgrade skills of the villagers.
10.To make aware the local people about the
Government projects and other scopes.
11.To fight against the Global warming and
Climate changes

8. Somsar,Bankura ( Continued)
River Erosion

9. Somsar,Bankura ( Continued)
River Erosion
Affected River

10. Somsar,Bankura ( Continued)
Way to Somsar, Bankura

11. Somsar,Bankura ( Continued)
People at Somsar

12. Somsar,Bankura ( Continued)
Inside the village
of Somsar

13. Procedure
Survey
Problem
Identification
Formulation to solve
problems
Select ,Most efficient
solution
Apply the solution in
the real situation
Feedback from
people
Monitoring and
Control
Stake Holders
P-D-C-A
PDCA (plan–do–check–act or plan–do–
check–adjust) is an iterative four-step
management method used in business for
the control and continual improvement of
processes and products. It is also known as
the Deming circle/cycle/wheel, She
whart cycle, control circle/cycle, or plan–
do–study–act (PDSA). Another version of
this PDCA cycle is OPDCA. The added "O"
stands for observation or as some versions
say "Grasp the current condition." This
emphasis on observation and current
condition has currency with Lean
manufacturing/Toyota Production
System literature.(Wikipedia)

14. Procedure ( Bio-Gas, Pollution Control & Agriculture)
Agriculture,
small Industries
Houses Animal husbandries Other sources
Waste generated in the village
Solid Waste
Management
Pollution Control Agriculture
Vermi
Composting
Bio-Gas Bio-Diesel
Land Fill
Water testing :
BOD,COD,TDS etc
Water table
measurement
Air pollution and
soil pollution
measurement
New Agricultural
Technique : Skilling
Medicinal Plant
Cultivation
Other Plants
Cultivation
Initiating New
crops
1.Eco-tourism
2.Employment Drive
3. Skill development
4. Agricultural efficiency building
5.Pollution free village
6. Clean Village
7. Entrepreneurship building
8. Linkage Making
9.Awareness Building
10. Socio-economic
structure developing
11. preparing for future world
Source

15. Organizations in touch who could become project partners
Name Logo
IIT-KGP (Rural Development
Centre)
CSIR-CLRI (Kolkata)
State Medicinal Plant Board
NIELIT (Kolkata)
CSIR-CIMP
Jadavpur University (Chemical
Engineering Department)
In Future we will approach to
Bio-diversity Board
MSME
Tourism Department
Pollution Control Board
Horticulture Board
Agriculture Department of GOI
MNRE
UGC
Other CSR Findings
National Afforestation & Eco-
Development Board
Ministry of Environment and
Forests
Government of India

16. SL No Subject 1st
Phase
January February March April May June July August September October NovemberDecember
1 Survey
2. Problem
Identification
3. Formulas
To solve the
problems
4. Select Most
efficient
Solution
5. Apply the
solution
6. Awareness
campaign
Time line ( 1st
Phase) Achieved

17. SL No Subject 2nd
Phase
January February March April May June July August September October NovemberDecember
7. Monitoring
and control
8. Feedback
from people
9. Taking New
initiative
10. Feasibility
test and Bio-
oriented
project
initiation
11 Awareness
Campaign
12. Pollution
Control
Time line ( 2nd
Phase)

18. SL No Subject 3rd
Phase
JanuaryFebruary March April May June July August September OctoberNovember December
13. Monitoring
and control
14. Feedback
from people
15. Awareness
Campaign
16. Self-
sustainability
17. Optimization
18. New initiative
Time line ( 3rd
Phase)

19. Expected Outcome
The project will help the local people to sustain their livelihood and also it will teach them about modern life-style.
The outcomes of the project are written below:
6.It will reduce the river erosion.
7.It will help the people to learn new technologies.
8.It will help to upgrade the socio-economic structure.
9. Pollution analysis will help the people to survive
in future .
10. It will promote the man-making and character building
education system to make good human beings which
earlier Swamiji advised
1. It will solve the solid waste related problems in
the village.
2.It will generate new employments.
3. It will solve the health problems and other important
issues of the village.
4.It will attract more tourists in the village.
5. It will clean the village.

20. Problem Tree
Village Somsar
Poor hygienic
sense
Poor Medicinal
service System
Unstable
Financial
Condition
Unemployment Social Conflict
Average
Communication
Health Problems
Insufficient
Banking support
Lack of Skills
Pollution Social Distance
Transport
Effects
Causes

21. Objective Tree
1.Self-Sustainability
2.Pro-Environmental Journey
3.Social Bonding
Clean Society
Pro-environment
energy
efficient drive
Proper care of
Health System
Employment
Generating
Social Bonding
Increase
Awareness
Literacy
Health Activities
Employment
generation and Skill
development
Program
Monitoring ,
Control ,
Implementation
Counseling
Environment-
oriented Process,
Eco-tourism
Goal
Outputs
and
Objectives
ENDS
Means
Project
Objectives

22. Sample, Survey form

23. Results & Discussion

24. Process and Results

25. Condition of toilets

26. Nature of tube well

27. Family Classification

28. Youth Capital

29. Age Distribution

30. INDEX

31. HDI
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of achievements in key
dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent
standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the three
dimensions.
Dimension Index = ( Actual Value – Minimum Value ) / ( Maximum Value – Minimum
Value)
HDI = (Ihealth . I Education . IIncome) 1/3
Life Expectancy
(Yr)
Mean Years
of Schooling
Expected Years
of Schooling
Gross National
Income per
Capita
Log Value HDI
Actual 67.9 6.3 11.7 $100 2 0.55
Highest 90 8 18 $500 2.69
Low 20 0 0 $40 1.60
0.68 0.78 0.65
0.7 0.366
Education
Index
Health Index Income Index

32. Comparison of HDI
Source : Government of West Bengal’s reports and Present Survey

33. Income Index
Source : Government of West Bengal’s reports and Present Survey

34. West Bengal : Per Capita Net State Domestic Product at
Current Prices in Core
Source : http://niti.gov.in/content/capita-nsdp-current-prices-2004-05-2014-15

35. Agricultural GDP : India ( In Rs)
Source : http://niti.gov.in/content/capita-nsdp-current-prices-2004-05-2014-15

36. Yield of food grain in kg/ha
Source : http://www.prsindia.org/uploads/media/Analytical Report/State of Agriculture in India.pdf

37. Food Consumption Index : India
Source : WHO, World Bank, United States Census Bureau, Agriculture Department of INDIA
Year Production
(million tones)
Population
(billion)
Consumption {Diet
( 455 gm/person)
(Billion gm)*365}
Consumption
/ Production
2010-11 619.35*10^12 1.231 205434.7*10^9 0.33
2011-12 650.16*10^12 1.247 207095.5*10^9 0.31
2012-13 629.26*10^12 1.263 209752.7*10^9 0.33
2013-14 649.92*10^12 1.279 212409.9*10^9 0.32
2014-15 641.86*10^12 1.294 214901.05*10^9 0.33
2015-16 629.68*10^12 1.309 217392.175*10^9 0.34

38. Food Consumption Index
Source : Government of West Bengal’s reports and Present Survey

39. Budget
For Establishing Toilets for poor villagers ( And one Bio-gas plants inside the mission and another is located at
some villager’s house at somsar , Bankura)
Item Estimated Cost
(Rs) for 12
months
Awareness to motivate local people regarding Hygiene and cleanliness 10,000
Survey to check whether the project is properly working or not 20,000
Bio-oriented toilets ( to set up 300 toilets in the most effective part of the village, somsar) @ Rs10,000 /- 30 Lakh
Model Pilot Bio-Gas Plant manufacturing cost (Approx) ( It will be established----one plant is inside the
Somsar, mission and another is in some one’s house in the village, somsar ) (including labor charge, Material
cost and 50% subsidies provided by the government) 5 meters / 3 meters and per day 450 gm gas
25,000
Waste Dumping cost 5,000
Raw Martial for Bio-gas plant : cost ( initially, required1st
70 Boshta cow dung then everyday 50 KG/day is
needed)
25,000
Maintenance cost of the plant 15,000
Vermi Composting 15,000
Skilling to local people for proper scientific use of the bio-gas plant 5,000
Project Manager’s Salary ( Rs 50,000/- per month) to control and monitor the project 6 Lakh
Project Assistants(2) Salaries ( Rs 20,000/- per moth for one person) to coordinating the project 4.8 Lakh
Project Helpers (4) Salaries ( Rs 10,000/- Per month for one person) to implementing superiors instructions 5 Lakh
Project Consultants (1) (Rs 5,000/- for one visit) for giving advice and guiding the project to achieve the goal 60,000
Transport and other costs 50,000
Total Cost 48,00,000

40. Strategy
Focus Development Employment

41. Strategy : SWOT Analysis
SWOT- Strength, Weakness ,Opportunity & Threat
Strength Weakness
1. Nearer to Bardhaman Town.
2. High Literacy rate ( 63%).
3. Due to the presence of Ramakrishna
mission, many disciples have been
vitiating the place.
4. High fertilizing lands for Agriculture.
5. Stable Economy.
1. Bad Hygienic sense.
2. Conflicts in the society.
3. Drainage System and Solid-waste
4. Illegal Sand-mining.
5. Poor Health Condition.
Opportunity Threat
1. Future Eco-tourism destination of India.
2. Enriched Agricultural Resources.
3. Many people are coming to Somsar.
4. Proper Transport system.
5. Scope of Skill development and Small
Scale Industries.
1. River Erosion.
2. Unscientific Cultivation.
3. Excess use of Ground-Water.
4. Corroding relationship Bridge.
5. Banks ,hospitals and educational
institutes are long way from the village.
Purpose: To understand overall situation to help planning

42. Strategy (Continue) : STEEPLE Analysis
STEEPLE Analysis : Socio-culture ,Technology, Environmental,(or Ecological) Economical, Political , Legal , Ethical
Socio-Cultural Technological Legal Political
1. Social linkage has been decaying.
2. Relationship among villagers have
been corroded.
3. They do not trust each other.
1. Not aware of Modernized
Technologies.
2. For education and minimum
treatment, villagers have to go
more than 3km.
3. Banks are not operating
properly.
4. Not using renewable technology
to combat against the electricity
problem.
1. No Legal control.
2. Alcoholic and
disturbed society.
1. Political Conflict is
the major issue.
Environmental (or Ecological) Economic Ethical
1. Proper drainage system is
not there
2. River has been damaged due to
unscientific Sand-mining.
3. Unplanned solid-waste
management.
4. Plastic pollution.
5. Suspecting Lowering of water
level and poor water Quality.
6. Ecosystem and
Environmental Degradation .
1. Most, people are working
as farmer.
2. But they do not know how to
invest the money.
3. Due to unscientific banking
system, economical health is
not good.
4. Not exploring other opportunities
to increase income.
1. Globalization influenced village’s culture.
2. For education, treatment and
employment, people have been coming
to the town.
3. Inactive social forces.
4. Rigidity and distance between
two persons.
5. Gender discrimination and increase
dropout rate in the high school.
Purpose: To analyze the macro-environmental external factors

43. Feedback

44. Experts Comments
Name: DR. SUPRIYO GUHA Comments:
1.Views:
a. It's an excellent program-consisting of so many relevant projects for
Community development.
b. With linking issue with Government Agency or PSU-My Reply is
"YES"-It is possible.
c. After implementation- Impact will definitely be high.
d. Again I would say-It's an Sustainable projects following the Principle of
'Triple Bottom Line' of the Large Corporate
e. Rating of Social Development Venture is Excellent.
f. For Financial Sustainability- Authority should seek Financial support
from Different Government Agencies/Large Corporate/Large Govt
PSUs-Particularly who have very good CSR corpus.
2.Suggestions
a. Look into the Robust Project Management Framework to implement in
a time bound manner.
b. Scope of the Project As well activities should be crafted in an
efficient manner
c. Stakeholder Engagement would also be looked into with rapt attention
for successful implementation.
Profile: Ex-General Manager & Head-Sustainability &
Climate Change
Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited.
Email ID: supriyaguha57@gmail.com

45. Experts Comments (Continued)
Name: Souvik Banerjee Comments:
a. It is a very good initiative which has the potential of transforming the
socio-economic fabric of Somsar, and generate significant economic &
income opportunities for the local population.
b. This Program can definitely be linked with relevant State & Central
Govt. Departments, International Funding Agencies like the DFID,
World Bank or USAID, and also with large PSUs and big Private sector
companies having sound CSR practices. The project should be
presented to the various Institutions that I Mentioned, and it should have
a proper Budget in place , so that Industries / Institutions can be
approached accordingly.
c. The impact of the project can be high, and Somsar can witness
increased economic opportunities for it's inhabitants.
d. Apart from engaging with organizations in Agriculture & allied sectors,
this initiative can also try to rope in the Corporate sector in areas like
Eco-friendly Tourism projects, renewable / solar energy, Handloom &
Handicrafts / MSME s etc.
e. Project outcome should be clearly specified, timelines for each phase of
Project completion should be specified, and met and the Project
proposal should be presented to interested stakeholders.
f. Both, and also funding from International Agencies like I mentioned -
World Bank, DFID, USAID, or large international NGOs who could
partner like the Aga Khan Foundation, Action Aid India etc
Profile: Director General of Merchants’ Chamber of
Commerce & Industry
Email ID: bansouvik@rediffmail.com

46. Experts Comments (Continued)
Syed Asif Comments:
a. Good initiative, as I have seen its on bank of river. The very first thing
come to my mind is to aware people not to pollute river in any possible
manner. Many cities and towns are struggling to meet water demand so
proper value of water has to explained to residents.
b. Off course as compared to common people, industries are more
vulnerable to creating pollution and on a large scale. If such program is
conducted in industries the way of commercial exploitation is being
done may reduce to lower proportion.
c. High Impact which is very positive if properly manage and continuous
efforts are carried out.
d. Research initiative shall be carried out with minimum input and
Maximum gains.
e. Train local candidates as technicians for water works even in sanitation
department also proper staff should be in position to handle the waste
management.
f. CSR funding is now-a-days opening up but I will prefer the local bodies
and authorities are in better position to help such project
Profile: Environment Engineer at JNEC (Jawaharlal
Nehru engineering college, Aurangabad)
Email ID: syedasif4@gmail.com

47. Experts Comments (Continued)
Sreenivasan Ettammal Dear Rangeet Mitta ,Thanks for sharing the presentation of your
wonderful initiative.
My comments and suggestions are here:
a. The Community development program at Somsar for providing a clean
environment and new employment opportunities to the local people, is a
great initiative having the potential to convert the status of the unknown
village to a model village of socio-economic development.
b. You have to approach the respective Govt. agencies or Industries with
the project component of interest to the organization.
c. This project will support the eco-friendly initiatives of industries.
d. 1. Try to get maximum support of the local people
2. Start to gather local administration support& funding
e. Govt.grants& Project funding for specific component(s) of interest by
the industries.
Profile: TECHNICAL MANAGER,R&D
THE WESTERN INDIA PLYWOODS LTD
Email ID: dr.sreeniettammal@gmail.com

48. Hundred Miles..
‘To work without attachment is to work without the expectation of reward or
fear of any punishment in this world or the next. Work so done is a means to the
end, and God is the end.’ Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
‘Take up one idea. Make that one idea your life - think of it, dream of it, live on that idea. Let the
brain, muscles, nerves, every part of your body, be full of that idea, and just leave every other idea
alone. This is the way to success.’ Swami Vivekananda
‘Do not demand anything from those you love. If you make demands, some will give you
more and some less. In any case you will love more those who give you more and less
those who give you less. Thus your love will not be the same for all. You will not be able
to love all impartially.’ Sri Sarada Devi

49. • Dr. Gour Das and Members of Vivekananda Swastha Seva
Kendra
• 309 People Interviewed at Somar
• Dr. Prasanta Sarkar, Director of AYUSH
• Dr. Sandipan Chakraborty, Scientist, CLRI
• Mr. Arup Chatterjee, Associate Director, NIELT
• Dr Somnath Ghosal, Rural Development, IIT, Kharagpur
• Dr Chanchal Mondal, Chemical Engineering Department,
Jadavpur University
• All the experts who spared their valuable time
• IISWBM Faculty Members who advised at various stages
Acknowledgement