The document provides a history of footwear from ancient times to the 20th century. It describes how early humans first used animal skins for footwear over 15,000 years ago. During the Renaissance period, men wore shoes like poulaine with long pointed toes or buskins which were calf-high boots. Women during this time wore pattens with wooden soles or chopines which had raised platforms. The 20th century saw advances in synthetic materials which allowed for more varied shoe designs and mass production, though many shoes today take over 1000 years to degrade.

1. History Of Footwear
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Agenda
1. Introduction
2. High renaissance
3. Mannerist
renaissance
4. After renaissance
5. In the 20th century

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Introduction

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Introduction
• In the Spanish cave drawing, we saw that more than 15000 years
ago human learnt how to use animal skin as a footwear.
• Also 5000 years ago, Human used leather as a foot cover.
- Now-a-days We are wearing sandals which is the oldest
crafted footwear
- Other types of footwear ( which has pristine influence)
◦ Moccasins.
◦ Cuban heel
◦ Platform soles
◦ Poulaine
◦ Etc

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Construction

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Construction
• Over one hundred operations go into the construction of a shoe. The
first and most important of these is the creation of the last. The last
is a hand-carved wood or moulded plastic replica of the human foot.
The last determines the contour of the arch and how evenly the
wearer’s weight will be distributed throughout the foot. A different
last is required for each shoe style and size to be produced.

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High renaissance

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High renaissance
• Men Shoe
- The poulaine, the shoe with long pointed toes of the previous
period had fallen out of fashion. It is possible that the end of the
poulaine was foretold by episodes such as the death of Duke
Leopold III of Austria. It is said that he died because his long
pointed shoes impeded him from escaping his assassins. Whether
the story has any truth, it is safe to assume that the exaggerated
toes of the poulaine became clumsy and inconvenient for most
tasks, and would eventually give way to a more reasonable style.
- buskins : Calf length boots which laced up the front, resembling
a laced half boot.

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High renaissance (Continued)
• Women Shoe
- Patten
◦ The sole was wooden, with a leather vamp that tied over the
foot with latchets. For the wealthy, it was fashionable to have a
matching shoe and patten. They were fashionable during the
gothic period, but continued to be worn during later periods as
a necessity.
- Chopine
◦ A shoe with a raised sole, worn first by the courtesans of
Venice during the Renaissance and quickly spreading to the
rest of Europe. They were worn over a slipper shoe, giving
height to the wearer. Chopines were made of wood, and
reached heights of up to 30 inches.

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Mannerist renaissance

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Mannerist renaissance
• Men shoe
- Escaffignons : Flat, light shoes which were slashed at the top.
Also known as eschapins.
- Galosh : 1) an overshoe 2) an extension of the vamp wings
seamed at the back.
• Women shoe
- The shoes were similar to men’s, with less exaggeration in the
width of the toe. A low cut slipper, sometimes with a strap across
the instep was popular in pastel shades. The women’s shoes were
slashed like the men’s revealing a colored taffeta lining.

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After renaissance

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Renaissance shoes were much more narrow. They had left and right shoes. They also
had heels to make men taller. The most popular shoe lace system comes from Balmoral
Castle in Scotland. It is still used today.

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In the 20th century

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In the 20th century
• In the mid-20th Century, advances in rubber, plastics, synthetic
cloth, and industrial adhesives have allowed manufacturers to create
shoes that stray considerably from traditional crafting techniques.
Leather, which had been the primary material in earlier styles, has
remained standard in expensive dress shoes, but athletic shoes often
have little or no real leather. Soles, which were once laboriously
hand-stitched on, are now more often machine stitched or simply
glued on. Many of these newer materials, such as rubber and
plastics, have made shoes less biodegradable. It is estimated that
most mass-produced shoes require 1000 years to degrade in
a landfill. In the late 2000s, some shoemakers picked up on the issue
and began to produce shoes made entirely from degradable
materials, such as the Nike Considered.

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In the 20th century (Continued)
• In 2007, the global shoe industry had an overall market of $107.4
billion, in terms of revenue, and is expected to grow to $122.9 billion
by the end of 2012. Shoe manufacturers in the People's Republic of
China account for 63% of production, 40.5% of global exports and
55% of industry revenue. However, many manufacturers
in Europe dominate the higher-priced, higher value-added end of the
market.

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20th century: Shoe

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20th century: Shoe

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Reference
1. Bata Shoe Museum. All About Shoes, Bata Limited, Toronto, 1994.
2. Batterberry, Michael & Ariane. Fashion The Mirror of History, Greenwin House, New York, 1982.
3. Blum, Stella ed. Victorian Fashions and Costumes from Harper’s Bazar 1867-1898, Dover
Publications, Inc, New York, 1974.
4. Bordoli, Ernest. Footwear Down the Ages, Northampton, 1934.
5. Boucher, Francois. 20,000 Years of Fashion, Henry N. Abrams Inc, New York, 1983.
6. Bredon, Juliet & Mitrophanow, Igor. The Moon Year A Record of Chinese Customs and Festivals,
Paragon Book Reprint Corp., New York, 1966. (reprinted from 1927 edition)
7. Brooke, Iris. A History of English Footwear, St. Giles Publishing Co. Ltd., London, 1949.
8. Brooke, Iris. Footwear A Short History of European and American Shoes, Theatre Arts Books, New
York, 1971.
9. Calasibetta, Charlotte. Fairchild’s Dictionary of Fashion, Fairchild Publications Inc., New York,
1975.
10.Contini, Mila. Fashion, The Odyssey Press, New York, 1965.

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Reference
11. Davenport, Millia. The Book of Costume (Volumes One and Two), Crown Publishers, New York,
1957.
12.Fan Hong. Footbinding, Feminism, and Freedom, Frank Cass, London, 1997.
13.Giles, Herbert A., trans. Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio. Thomas, London, 1880.
14.Girotti, Eugenia. Footwear, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, 1997.
15.Hansen, Henry Harald. Costumes and Styles, E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc., New York, 1956.
16.Jackson, Beverley. Splendid Slippers, Ten Speed Press, Berkley, 1997.
17.Kemper, Rachel H. Costume, Newsweek Books, New York, 1979.
18.Levy, Howard S. The Lotus Lovers The Complete History of the Curious Erotic Custom of
Footbinding in China, Prometheus Books, Buffalo, 1992. (republished from 1966 edition)
19.McClellan, Elisabeth. History of American Costume 1607-1870, Tudor Publishing Company, New
York, 1937.
20.Miller, Bettina, ed. From Flappers to Flivvers, Reiman Publications, Greendale, 1995.
21.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

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Thank you