This document discusses the role of biostatistics in public health and research. It covers topics such as the definition of statistics, the collection and analysis of data, basic statistical concepts like variables and populations, different measurement scales, sampling methods, and statistical inference. Biostatistics is involved in formulating scientific questions, designing experiments, collecting and screening data, analyzing and interpreting results, and presenting findings. It also discusses the importance of probability and non-probability sampling techniques as well as using computer software programs for statistical analysis in health sciences research.

1. Role of Biostatistics in Public Health
&
Research
Roll No.23, Dr. Hlaing Hlaing Htay
Roll No.25, Dr. Win Nilar Hla

2. Role of Biostatistics in Public Health
&
Research
Statistics
is a field of study concerned with
(1)the collection , organization, summarization and analysis of
data and
(2)the drawing of inferences about a body of data when only a
part of data is observed

3. Statistics

4. Formulation of scientific question to answered
Designing an experiment which efficiency get
at these questions
Collection of data
Screening data for obvious blunders
Analysis, interpretation and presentation of
data.
Role of Biostatistics

5. I. Some basic concepts

6. 2. Variable
Different value in different persons, place or things
e.g age, diastolic BP, Heart rate, age of patients

7. 3. Population
4. Sample
A part of population

8. II. Measurement and Measurement Scales
Measurement
Assignment of numbers to objects or events according to a set of rules

9. 1. Norminal Scale
lowest measurement scale
consists of naming observation or classifying them into various mutually
exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories
e.g male - female
well - sick
married - not married
2. Ordinal Scale
not only different from category to category but can be ranked according to
some criterion from lowest to highest
e.g Station hospital
Township hospital
District hospital
Region hospital
Specialist hospital

10. 3. Interval Scale
 more sophisticated scale than norminal or ordinal scale
 not only to order the measurements but also the distance between any two
measurement is known.
e.g difference between 10 and 20 s
selected zero point is not necessarily a true zero
e.g Temperature zero
zero degree not indicate a lack of heat
4. Ratio Scale
 highest level of measurement
 equality of ratios as well as equality of intervals
 True zero point present.
e.g length, height, weight.

11. III. Sampling and statistical Inference
A. Probability sampling
i.Simple random sampling
ii.Systematic sampling
iii.Stratified sampling
B. Non-Probability sampling
i.Purposive sampling
ii.Convenient sampling
iii.Snow-Ball Method

12. (i) Simple random sampling
If a sample as size n is drawn form a population of size N is such a way that
every possible sample of size n has the same chances of being selected.
May be with replacement or without replacement
e.g lottery
(ii) Systematic sampling
arranged systematically in serial number.
(iii) Stratified random sampling
Population is first divided into two or more strata
The strata may be based on single criteria or combination of two or more criteria

13. Statistical Inference
P
S
is the procedure by which we
reach a conclusion about a
population on the basis of the
information contained in a
sample that has been drawn
form that population.
SI
Conclusion

14.  Health Sciences Research/ Bio-statistical Analysis
 Computer and statistical software programmes-essential
 SPSS, MINITAB, SAS etc;
IV. Computer and Bio-statistical Analysis

15. Thank You