The document summarizes key details about the major rivers of Odisha, India. It discusses 11 rivers including the Mahanadi, Brahmani, Baitarani, Subarnarekha, Budhabalanga, Bahuda, Vansadhara, Nagabali, Indravati, Rushikulya, and provides information on their sources, tributaries, lengths, drainage basins and important projects along each river. It also includes maps and tables with statistical data about the rivers' catchment areas within Odisha and contribution to the state's total geographical area.

2.  All the rivers of Odisha
primarily penisular rivers and
have taken their origin from
three important sources. They
are..

3.  Most Of the rivers Of Odisha have their
sources beyond the border of the states.The
major rivers which have their origin
beyond Odisha .All the major rivers are
drain into the bay of Bengal.
 Major Rivers Of Odisha:
The Mahandi
The Brahmani
The Baitarani
The Subarnarekha
The Budhabalanga
The Bahuda
The Vansadhara
The Nagabali
The Indravati
The Rushikulya

4.  RIVERS CATCHMENT AREA
BASIN
CATCHMENT AREA
TOTAL WITH IN ODISHA
(sq.k.m) (sq.k.m) % TO GEOGRAPHICAL
AREA
MAHANADI 141134 65628 42.15
BRAMHANI 39116 22516 14.46
BAITRANI 14218 13482 8.66
BUDHABALANGA
&
JAMBHIRA
6991 6354 4.08
SUBARNAREKHA 19277 2983 1.92

5. BASIN
CATCHMENT AREA
TOTAL WITH IN ODISHA
(sq.k.m) (sq.k.m) % TO
GEOGRAPH
ICAL AREA
RUSHIKULYA 8963 8963 5.76
INDRAVATI 41700 7400 4.75
VANSHADHARA 11377 8960 5.75
NAGABALI 9275 4500 2.89
AREA DRAINING DIRECTLY
TO SEA
3731 2.4

7.  There are four groups of rivers which
flow through Odisha into the Bay of
Bengal They are:
(i) Rivers that have a source outside the State (the
Subarnarekha, the Brahmani the and the Mahanadi).
(ii) Rivers having a source inside the State (the
Budhabalanga, the Baitarani, the Salandi, and the
Rushikulya).
(iii) Rivers having a source inside the Odisha, but flow
through other states (the Bahuda, the Vansadhara River,
and the Nagavali River).
(iv) Rivers having a source inside Odisha, but tributary to
rivers which flow through other states (the Machkund, the
Sileru River, the Kolab, and the Indravati River).

8. It is the major river of Odisha and the sixth largest river
in India. It originates from the sihawa hills of the Bastar
Plateau in Raipur districts of (Chhattishgarh). It is about
857 km long (494 km in Odisha) and its catchment area
spreads over 141,600 km2. (65,580 km².) in Odisha. The
river carries on an average about 92,600 million m of
water.

9. MAP VIEW
OF
MAHANNA
DI

10. The major tributaries of Mahanadi are Seonath, Jonk,
Hasdo, Mand, Ib, Ong, Tel etc. .
o Seonath River: The Seonath River is the longest tributary
of Mahanadi. It rises in an undulating region with
numerous small groups of hills at Kotgal and flows 383
kilometers to join Mahanadi at its left bank at Khargand.
o Hasdo River: It rises in the Sarguja district of
Chhattisgarh and traverses 333 kilometers to meet
Mahanadi at Mahuadih.
o Mand River: Mand River originates at an elevation of 686
meters in Sarguja district of Chhatisgarh and flows 241
kilometers to meet.
o Ib River : Ib originates in Pandrapat of the Raigarh
distriuct of Chhattishgarh and flows 251 kilometers to fall
into Hirakud Dam. Its a rainfed river.

11. o Ong River: It rises at an elevation of 457 meters on a hill in the
northern outskirts of hills located on the course of Jonk River and
flows 204 kilometers to meet Mahandi at Sonepur.
o Tel River: Tel river originates in plain in the Koraput of Odisha. It
traverses 296 kilometers to meet Mahanadi at Sonepur.

12. DISTRIBUTARIES OF MAHANADI:

13. Total capacity
5,896,000,000 m3
(4,779,965 acre·ft)
Catchment Area
83,400 km2
(32,201 sq. mi)
 Hirakud is one of the major multipurpose river valley
project started after India’s Independence .
Length Total = 25.79 Kilometers
Length = 4.8 Kilometers
Artificial Lake = 743 Sq. Kilometers
Irrigated Area (both crop) = 235477 Hectares
Power Generation = 347.5 MW(Installed capacity)

15. In the upper drainage basin of the Mahanadi River,
centered on the Chhatishgarh Plain, periodic droughts
contrast with the situation in the lower delta region
where floods may damage crops.
The dam was constructed to help alleviate these
problems by creating a reservoir and controlling river
flow through the drainage system.
The dam helps control floods in the Mahanadi delta and
irrigates 75,000 square kilometres of land.
The Hirakud Dam regulates 83,400 km² (32,200 mi²) of
Mahanadi's drainage. The reservoir has a storage
capacity of 5.818 km³ with gross of 8.136 km³.

16. Name of the State Drainage Area (Km²) % of Total Area
Chhattisgarh 74,970 52.9
Odisha 65,600 46.3
Jharkhand 650 0.5
Maharastra 50 0.2
Madhya Pradesh 130 0.1
TOTAL 1,41,600 100.0

17. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE
Bagh Barrage Medium Irrigation
Project Irrrigaton
Baghua Stage –II
Medium Irrigation Project
Irrrigaton
Birupa Ghunghuti Island
Medium Irrigation Project
Mahanadi Irrrigaton
Budhabudhiani Medium
Irrigation Project
Budhabudhiani Irrrigaton
Dahuka Medium Irrigation
Project
Dahuka, Baghmari Irrrigaton
Dumarbahal Mediun Irrigation
Project Ong Irrrigaton

18. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE
Hirakud Major Irrigation Project Mahanadi
Irrrigaton
Jharabandha Medium Irrigation
Project
Kukuri Jhore Nalla Irrrigaton
Lower Indra Irrigation Project Indra Irrrigaton
Lower Suktel Major Irrigation
Project
Tel Irrrigaton
Mahanadi Birupa Barragemajor
Irrigation Project
Irrrigaton
Mahandi Chitrotpola Major
Irrigation Project
Mahanadi
Irrrigaton
Mahandi Delta-i Major Irrigation
Project
Mahanadi Irrrigaton
Mahandi Delta-ii Major Irrigation
Project
Mahanadi

19. It is the second largest river in Odisha. It originates as two
major rivers like the Sankh and the Koel from the Chota
Nagpur Plateau of Bihar and both join at Veda Veyas near
Rourkela Sundargarh district of Odisha forming the major
River Brahmani. It flows through the Eastern Ghats in
Sundargah, Deogarh,Kendujhar , Dhenkanal, Bhadrakh
and Jajpur districts into the Coastal Plains and enters into
the Bay of Bengal along with a combined mouth with the
Baitarani known as the Dhamara. The Brahmani is
799 km long (541 km In Odisha) and its catchment area
spreads over 39,033 km2 in Odisha).

21. Rengali dam is located in Odisha. It is constructed across Bramhani
Riverin Rengali village located 70 km from Anugul in Anugul
District, Odisha in India
Features: Rengali dam is 70.5 m tall and 1040 m wide. The reservoir
formed by the dam is the second largest reservoir in Odisha with 37,
840 hectares at full level and 28,000 hectares in mean level.
Rengali Irrigation Project:
A barrage is constructed across the Brahmani river 35 km
downstream of Rengali dam. The barrage is used to store the flood
releases from the dam and divert it through two canal systems. It
has a free catchment area of 4780 km2 and between the dam and
barrage. The area records an annual rainfall of 1570 mm on
average.

23. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE
Annandpur Barrage
Cannal Irrigation Project Baitrani Irrigation
Aunli Medium Irrigatio
Project
Trikara Irrigation
Bitrani Irrigation Project Baitrani Irrigation
Dadaraghati Medium
Irrigation Project
Gambhira Nalla Irrigation
Deo Medium Irrigation
Project
Deo Irrigation
Derjanga –I Medium
Irrigation Project
Irrigation
Derjanga –I I Medium Irrigation

24. It rises from the Gonasika in the Guptaganga hills of
Keonjhar district. The river traverses a total distance
of 360 kms. before falling into the Bay of Bengal.
There are 64 large, medium and small tributaries,
out of which 35 join on the left side and 29 join on
the right side of the river. The main tributaries are
Kangira, Ardei, Khairi Bhandan, Deo, Kanjhari, Sita,
Musal, Kusei and Salandi River. The Salandi
originates from the Meghasani hills of the Similipal
in Mayurbhanja district. It flows a distance of 144
km with a catchment area of 1800 sq. km.

27. It originates near Nagri village of the Chhotnagpur
plateau of Jharkhand. Total length of the river from
its origin to its outfall into Bay of Bengal is 446.12
km , including 79 km inside Odisha. The prominent
tributaries of the Subarnarekha are Raru river,
Kanchi river, Damra river, Karru river, Kharkhai
river,Chinguru river, Karakari river, Gurma river,
Garrariver, Singaduba river, Kodia river, Dulunga
river & Khaijori river

28. PROJECT NAME RIVERS PURPOSE

30. The Budhabalanga originates
from the Similipal range of
hills on Mayurbhanj district
and travels a total length of
198.75 km. before it finally
emptiesinto the Bay of Bengal.
The prominent tributaries of
the Budhabalanga are
Palapala, Sunei, Kalo, Sanjo,
Deo, Gangahari and Katra.

31. The river Nagavali is a medium sized east flowing river in
peninsular India. It is surrounded by Vamsadhara in the
north, Champavathi and Peddagedda in the South,
Godavari in the West and the Bay of Bengal in the east. It
drains parts of the distgricts of Kalahandi, Rayagada,
Koraput of Orissa and Sirkakulam, Vizianagaram and
Visakhapatnam of Andhra Pradesh State. The total basin
area is 9510 Sq. Km. The Nagavali originates near the
Lakhabahal in Kalahandi district at an elevation of about
1300 m. The total length of the river run is 256 Km., out of
which the first 161 Km., are in Orissa and the rest in
Andhra Pradesh

33. The river Rushikulya is one of the medium sized east
flowing river in peninsular India. It is an important river of
Orissa state and covers entire catchment area in the
districts of Phulbani and Ganjam. The river flows through
Purushottampur, Pratapur and joins with the Bay of
Bengal at Ganjam district (Orissa.). The river lies within
the geographical coordinates of 19.07 to 20.19 north latitude
and 84.01 to 85.06 east longitude. The river Rushikulya
originates at an elevation of about 1000 m. near Matabarhi
village of Phulbani district. The total catchment area of the
basin is 7,700 Sq. Km.

35. The Vamsadhara river is an important east flowing river
between Mahanadi and Godavari. The river originates
near Lanjigarh village in Kalahandi district and runs to a
total distance of about 254 Km. before it joins the Bay of
Bengal at Kalingapatnam. A number of tributaries join the
river on both the sides. The total catchment area of this
basin works out to 10,830 Sq. Km.

38. It originates from the Eastern Ghats of Dandakaranya
range in Kalahandi district & flows ina westerly direction;
enters into Jagdalpur district inChhatisgarh state. It
further traverses in the westerlydirection & thereafter in
southern direction beforefinally meeting river Godavari at
the border of Maharastra, Chhatisgarh & Andhra
Pradesh. Themajor tributaries of river Indravati are
KeshadharaNalla, Kandabindha Nallah, Chandragiri
Nalla,Golagar Nalla, Poragarh Nalla, Kapur Nallah,
MuranRiver, Bangiri Nallah, Telengi Nallah, Parlijori
Nallah,Chourijori Nallah.

39. Indravati Dam is a on the Indravati River, about 90 km from
Bhwanipatna in the state of Odisha in India. It is connected to the
main Indravati reservoir via 4.32 km long and 7 m dia head race
tunnel designed for a discharge capacity of 210 cumecs and
terminating in a surge shaft. Currently it is the largest power
producing dam in eastern India with a capacity of 600 MW.
 The Upper Indravati Project envisages diversion of water of the
Indravati river in its upper reaches into the Mahanadi river basin
for power generation and irrigation. In addition to the power
house, the project involved construction of 4 dams across the
Indravati and its tributaries, 8 dykes and two inter-linking
channels to form a single reservoir with a live capacity of 1,435.5
Million m3 and a barrage across Hati river in Mahanadi river
basin.[