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The document presents a study analyzing the relationship between company delistings and bankruptcy as measured by the Altman Z-Score bankruptcy prediction model. The study calculates the Z-Score for 10 companies that were delisted between 2016-2017 using their financial data from 2011-2015. While some companies had Z-Scores in the "safe" or "gray" zones indicating low bankruptcy risk, others had scores in the "distress" zone or very low scores overall. The conclusion discusses some limitations of the Altman Z-Score model and recommends considering additional external factors to improve bankruptcy prediction.
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The document discusses z-scores and standardization. A z-score is a statistic that indicates how many standard deviations an observation is above or below the mean. It is calculated by subtracting the population mean from an individual raw score and dividing by the population standard deviation. This process converts raw scores to standardized z-scores that allow comparison across different data sets and distributions. The document provides examples of calculating z-scores and discusses how standardization keeps the distribution unchanged but centers it on a value of 0.
Sesión 02
Este documento presenta conceptos relacionados con la distribución normal, incluyendo su función de densidad, valores z, y cómo usar valores z para comparar datos. También discute el muestreo y la estimación de intervalos, explicando cómo calcular intervalos de confianza para la media de una población cuando la desviación estándar es conocida.
Expo De Analisis Financiero
El documento describe diferentes tipos de indicadores de gestión, incluyendo indicadores de eficiencia, eficacia y gestión. Los indicadores de eficiencia miden el rendimiento de los recursos utilizados en un proceso, mientras que los indicadores de eficacia miden el logro de los objetivos propuestos. Los indicadores de gestión miden el desempeño de un proceso en comparación con metas y niveles de referencia para identificar desviaciones. El documento también proporciona fórmulas y ejemplos de indicadores financieros como ROI, RO
"Credit Risk-Probabilities Of Default"
Credit risk refers to the risk that a borrower will default on any type of debt by failing to make payments which it is obligated to do. The risk is primarily that of the lender and includes lost principal and interest, disruption to cash flows, and increased collection costs. The loss may be complete or partial and can arise in a number of circumstances. For example:
• A consumer may fail to make a payment due on a mortgage loan, credit card, line of credit, or other loan
• A company is unable to repay amounts secured by a fixed or floating charge over the assets of the company
• A business or consumer does not pay a trade invoice when due
• A business does not pay an employee's earned wages when due
• A business or government bond issuer does not make a payment on a coupon or principal payment when due
• An insolvent insurance company does not pay a policy obligation
• An insolvent bank won't return funds to a depositor
• A government grants bankruptcy protection to an insolvent consumer or business.
To reduce the lender's credit risk, the lender may perform a credit check on the prospective borrower, may require the borrower to take out appropriate insurance, such as mortgage insurance or seek security or guarantees of third parties, besides other possible strategies. In general, the higher the risk, the higher will be the interest rate that the debtor will be asked to pay on the debt.
Dupont
DuPont was founded in 1802 in Wilmington, Delaware and began as a gunpowder mill. It is now a multinational conglomerate that produces a variety of chemicals, polymers, fibers and other products. The company's mission is sustainable growth through reducing environmental impact and its vision is to be a leader in science and technology providing sustainable solutions. Ellen Kullman is the current CEO and chair of the board. DuPont has a diverse portfolio of products across multiple industries and engages in significant R&D spending.
Credit risk models
This document discusses three main approaches to modeling credit risk: structural, reduced form, and incomplete information. It provides details on the structural approach using the Merton and first passage models and the reduced form approach using a Poisson process for default. It also discusses extending these models to value bank loans, specifically comparing the structural KMV model and reduced form CreditRisk+ model. The critiques note limitations like non-observability of variables, lack of dynamics, and potential underestimation of risk.
Du pont analysis
Sesa Goa Limited is India's largest producer and exporter of iron ore in the private sector. The DuPont analysis breaks down return on equity into three parts: profit margin, total asset turnover, and financial leverage. It helps identify which parts of the business may be underperforming if return on equity is unsatisfactory. Several financial metrics are presented including return on equity, return on investment, return on assets, internal growth rate, and sustainable growth rate from 2008-2012.
Company Analysis
This document is a research proposal examining whether Roots Fashion Pvt. Ltd. should drop the Pepe Jeans brand from its portfolio to increase profits. The proposal outlines the background, research question, methodology, and potential issues. Primary research will include interviews with the managing director and employees, as well as customer surveys. Secondary research will analyze financial reports and information on Pepe Jeans' performance in the Indian market. The analysis will use financial techniques like ratio analysis and contribution analysis, as well as non-financial tools such as SWOT, PEST, and Boston Matrix. The proposal is submitted by a student for their Business and Management Internal Assessment.
Measures of Dispersion
If everything were the same, we would have no need of statistics. But, people's heights, ages, etc., do vary. We often need to measure the extent to which scores in a dataset differ from each other. Such a measure is called the dispersion of a distribution.
Du Pont Presentation
This document presents a Du Pont analysis of Nestle and Cadbury for fiscal year 2007-2008. The Du Pont analysis breaks down return on equity (ROE) into operating profit margin, asset turnover, and financial leverage ratios to examine the drivers of profitability. It finds that Nestle's ROE of 0.35 for 2008 was an increase from 0.21 the prior year, attributed mainly to higher margins and turnover. Net profit margins and turnover ratios increased for Nestle in 2008, while debt ratios decreased, showing better utilization of assets and progress paying off debts.
Introduction to z-Scores
1) Z-scores describe the exact location of a score within a distribution by indicating how many standard deviations the score is above or below the mean, with the sign indicating direction and the number indicating distance.
2) Transforming scores to z-scores standardizes distributions so they have a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1, allowing direct comparison of scores from different distributions.
3) Standardizing a distribution transforms all original scores to z-scores, preserving the shape of the distribution but setting it to have a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1 for comparative purposes.
Z-Scores
The document discusses z-scores and how they can be used to compare scores on different tests or subjects. It provides the formula for calculating z-scores and examples of calculating z-scores from raw scores, means, and standard deviations. Practice problems are also included to demonstrate calculating z-scores.
Introducción a Moodle
Este documento presenta información sobre David Ruiz Becerra, incluyendo que es profesor de historia y geografía en el Instituto Blas de Prado en Camarena, Toledo desde 2004. También fue coordinador TIC entre 2014-2016 y mantiene el sitio web profesociales.com desde 2009.
Puntaje z
1) Los puntajes Z transforman valores de una distribución normal en unidades de desviación estándar para analizar su distancia de la media.
2) El cálculo de puntajes Z requiere datos de la media y desviación estándar de la población, y que la distribución sea normal.
3) Los puntajes Z indican el número de desviaciones estándar que una muestra se encuentra de la media y permite comparar variables en una unidad común.
Exposicion Teoria Z
La teoría Z de William Ouchi analiza el sistema de trabajo japonés que llevó a las empresas japonesas a superar la crisis de los años 70. La teoría propone crear una filosofía empresarial humanista donde la empresa se compromete con las personas. Esto se logra a través de 13 pasos como desarrollar lazos personales, estabilizar el empleo, y promover la dedicación total de los empleados. El objetivo es que los empleados encuentren satisfacción en su trabajo para aumentar la productividad trabajando en equipo y compartiendo
Portfolio markowitz model
The document presents information on the Markowitz portfolio-optimization model. It discusses how the model provides tools for identifying portfolios that offer the highest returns for a given level of risk. It also notes that combining assets with low positive or negative correlations allows investors to reduce portfolio risk below the average risk of individual assets. The document then examines the security market line, efficient frontier, types of risk, and provides an example calculation of expected returns and risks for individual securities and a combined portfolio.
2. markowitz model
The document summarizes the Markowitz model for building optimal investment portfolios. It discusses key aspects of the model such as diversification to reduce risk, defining the efficient frontier of portfolios with maximum return for a given level of risk, and including both risky and risk-free assets as well as leverage to construct portfolios. The model provides a framework for investors to analyze risk and return tradeoffs across different portfolio combinations.
Prueba del valor z de la distribución normal
Este documento presenta el primer avance de un trabajo final sobre la prueba del valor Z de la distribución normal. Se describe el planteamiento teórico del problema, los objetivos del estudio y el marco teórico sobre la distribución normal y la prueba del valor Z. El objetivo general es determinar si dos nuevos alumnos se encuentran dentro del promedio de talla de los demás alumnos mediante el cálculo del valor Z y la comparación con tablas de distribución normal.
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1) The document discusses conducting a financial analysis of Indian Cement and UCO Bank using the Altman Z-Score model. It will analyze the companies' financial statements from 2016-2021 to evaluate their bankruptcy risk.
2) The conceptual framework outlines the Altman Z-Score model for manufacturing and non-manufacturing firms. Indian Cement and UCO Bank will be evaluated using the appropriate model.
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Do-Pont is the method of measuring the performance which was started by DuPont Corporation in 1920’s. With this method, assets are measured at their gross book value rather than at net book value in order to produce a higher return on equity (ROE). It is also known as "DuPont identity".
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After analyzing these automobile companies I found that Hero MotoCorp maintaining highest ROE as per comparison of others automobile companies more effectively.
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→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理（Vancouver毕业证）加拿大温哥华岛大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理（Vancouver毕业证）加拿大温哥华岛大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理（Vancouver毕业证）加拿大温哥华岛大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理（Vancouver毕业证）加拿大温哥华岛大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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一比一原版格罗宁根大学毕业证(RUG毕业证书)学历如何办理
原版办【微信号:95270640】【格罗宁根大学毕业证(RUG毕业证书)】【微信号:95270640】《成绩单、外壳、雅思、offer、真实留信官方学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路）我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信号95270640】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信号95270640】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
一比一原版（Carleton毕业证）加拿大卡尔顿大学毕业证如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【（Carleton毕业证）加拿大卡尔顿大学毕业证学位证成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理（Carleton毕业证）加拿大卡尔顿大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理（Carleton毕业证）加拿大卡尔顿大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理（Carleton毕业证）加拿大卡尔顿大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理（Carleton毕业证）加拿大卡尔顿大学毕业证学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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一比一原版(uvic毕业证书)加拿大维多利亚大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)加拿大维多利亚大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
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【主营项目】
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(uvic毕业证书)加拿大维多利亚大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(uvic毕业证书)加拿大维多利亚大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(uvic毕业证书)加拿大维多利亚大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(uvic毕业证书)加拿大维多利亚大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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researsh on Altman Zscore
- 1. Study of relationship between delisting of Companies and bankruptcy as indicated by Altman Z Score Presented by Anrag Kumar Tiwari Enrol- 15BSP0213 IBS Business School
- 2. Objective & Methodology of the paper Primary objective: - To predict the financial health and viability of the company using “Z” Score model Secondary objective: - To analyze the financial condition of few selected to know the efficiency in financial operations of the company. To offer suitable suggestions.
- 3. Need and Scope for the study The primary need of the study is to analyze the financial health of the company and to identify the signs of financial distress and thereby avoid the Bankruptcy. The scope of the study is limited to 5 years financial performance only. This study help company improve the financial health and performance of the business.
- 4. Introduction There are various tools to measure the company performance. Like- Ratio Analysis, RSI Calculation, DuPont Analysis, and EFQM Excellence Model Each of them use specific technics to measure the company profit, liquidity, and efficiency. But none of them is able to accurately predict overall performance of success trend. Dopant Analysis The return on assets (ROA) ratio developed by DuPont for its own use is now used by many firms to evaluate how effectively assets are used. It measures the combined effects of profit margins and asset turnover.
- 5. Cont.… EFQM excellence model EFQM Excellence Model provides a holistic view of the organization and it can be used to determine how these different methods fit together and complement each other. The Model can therefore be used in conjunction with any number of these tools, based on the needs and function of the organization, as an overarching framework for developing sustainable excellence. This tools cannot predict whether the particular company is going towards bankruptcy.
- 6. Altman Z-Score The Altman Z-score is the output of a credit-strength test that gauges a publicly traded manufacturing company's likelihood of bankruptcy. The Altman Z-score, is based on five financial Ratio. The Z-score Formula Z-Score = 1.2A + 1.4B + 3.3C + 0.6D + 1.0E Where, A = Working Capital/Total Assets B = Retained Earnings/Total Assets C = Earnings before Interest & Tax/Total Assets D = Market Value of Equity/Total Liabilities E = Sales/Total Assets
- 7. Zones of Discrimination: Z > 2.99 -“Safe” Zone 1.81 < Z < 2.99 -“Gray” Zone Z < 1.81 -“Distress” Zone
- 8. The sample of the 10 Company Company applied for de-listed Year Company applied for de-listed Year Max Financial Service 2016 Punj lloyad Ltd. 2016 India Cements 2016 SQL Star International 2016 Hexaware Technologies 2016 Cable Corporation of India 2016 Circuit System 2016 Piramal Glass 2016 Educomp Solution 2016 Hexaware Technologies 2016
- 9. Altman Z-Score Calculation S.N Company Name Year's 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 1Max Financial Service 5.093618 2.875133 3.755659 2.470703 2.345724 2India Cements 1.147843 0.929259 1.163262 1.339966 1.01213 3Hexaware Technologies 9.260657 5.143688 5.132221 5.132221 2.570922 4Circuit System 4.910066 2.78405 1.991317 2.156579 1.864063 5Educomp Solution 0.026086 0.755868 1.312634 2.321558 4.193494 6Punj lloyad Ltd. 1.455609 2.020699 2.319751 2.099082 2.135202 7SQL Star International -16.1122 5.790945 5.15904 -0.86034 7.755316 8Cable Corporation of India 0.20232 2.726337 3.335721 2.956767 3.352931 9Piramal Glass 5.370194 4.329741 5.88315 6.909085 5.849679 10Manjushree Technipark 5.426089 5.319517 4.816005 5.199257 4.437346
- 10. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION As our conclusion, we have identified some issues based on our findings. Firstly, Altman Z-score is mostly designated for manufacturing firms, and therefore, firms from other industries may not match with the model. Secondly, external factors like economic conditions, seasonality of sales, company size, geographical location and pre-bankruptcy non-financial events are yet to be included in Altman’s Z-score during bankruptcy prediction. Thirdly, Altman Z-score only uses past financial data, which is difficult for projecting the future value of firms. Lastly, as Altman’s Z-score solely depends on the past financial data, it may confront with window dressing
- 11. Sources www.moneycontrol.com www.bse.com www.yahoo.finance.com
- 12. Thank you