The document summarizes renewable energy developments in Italy. It notes that in 2016 renewables achieved a 17.4% share of gross final energy consumption, exceeding Italy's 2020 target of 17%. Electricity has seen the largest growth of renewables, driven by incentives that have declined over time but still resulted in an incentive burden of €12.5 billion in 2017, over half for photovoltaics. The national strategy aims to increase the renewables share of electricity consumption to 55% by 2030, requiring significant further growth of solar and wind power. Renewables have also grown in heating, achieving an 18.9% share in 2016 mainly from biomass and heat pumps.
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The Italian White Certificates Scheme
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Sustainable energy and climate mitigation pathways in the Republic of MauritiusIEA-ETSAP
nable strategies and low emission pathways in Small Island Developing States: a costoptimization approach for the integration of renewables in the Republic of Mauritius.
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16–17th november 2023, Turin, Italy, etsap meeting, etsap winter workshop, semi-annual meeting, november 2023, Politecnico di Torino Lingotto, Torino
From the rise of connected devices at home, to automated industrial production processes and smart mobility, digital technologies are increasingly changing how, where and when energy is consumed. The IEA’s latest report, Digitalization & Energy, is the first-ever comprehensive effort to depict how digital technologies could transform the world’s energy systems. The report examines the impact of digital technologies on energy demand sectors, looks at how energy suppliers can use digital tools to improve operations, and explores the transformational potential of digitalization to help create a highly interconnected energy system. The report also explores the wider policy implications of increasing connectivity and automation, including for energy security, energy access, employment, data ownership, and privacy. For more info, contact: digital@iea.org.
This was the first webinar in the series of two. It presented the IEA comprehensive analysis on the opportunities and challenges of scaling and accelerating the deployment of clean energy technologies to achieve climate, energy security and economic goals focusing on the power and industry sectors as well as the role of CCS. The following chapters of the report were presented: Transforming electricity systems; Infrastructure for electricity system transformation; Advancing the low carbon transition in industry, Unlocking the potential for CCS. The Global Outlook was presented outlining three IEA ETP decarbonisation scenarios expanding to 2060: Reference Technology Scenario, 20C Scenario and Beyond 20C Scenario. For the first time, ETP2017 shows how the energy sector could become carbon neutral by 2060 if known technology innovations were pushed to the limit.
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This document was presented at the 1st European Conference for the promotion of Local actions to combat Climate Change, to hold in Punta Umbría - Huelva - Spain, on days 23, 24 and 25 of September 2009. http://www.laccc.es/index.php/en
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Procedure operative per la gestione degli impianti alimentati a fonti rinnovabili diversi dai fotovoltaici
INQUADRAMENTO NORMATIVO E PROCESSO CONSULTIVO
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Certificati Bianchi, le novità introdotte dal DM 11 gennaio 2017. Roma, 29 maggio 2017, Auditorium GSE - Convegno settoriale dedicato ad approfondire gli aspetti tecnici ed operativi correlati alla nuova disciplina del meccanismo dei Certificati Bianchi.
Analisi preliminari sulla produzione fotovoltaica in Italia nel 2016 (confronto tra il periodo gennaio-novembre 2016 e il periodo gennaio-novembre 2015).
Il rapporto presenta i dati statistici ufficiali sui consumi finali lordi di energia, complessivi e da fonti rinnovabili, rilevati nelle regioni e nelle province autonome italiane dal 2012 al 2014. L’analisi evidenzia come nel periodo monitorato, quasi tutte le regioni italiane abbiano superato le previsioni di consumo di energia da fonti rinnovabili stabilite dal decreto Burden Sharing.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
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Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
1. Renewables
in Italy
74th Meeting
of the IEA Working Party
on Renewable Energy
Technologies
Luca Benedetti
Head of Energy Studies and Statistics
luca.benedetti@gse.it
GSE
WE GUARANTEE THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR COUNTRY.
WE PROMOTE RENEWABLE SOURCES AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY.
Rome, 25-26 October 2018
2. RES TARGET MONITORING: WHERE WE ARE
13,0% 12,9%
15,4%
16,7% 17,1% 17,5% 17,4% 17,6%
8,1%
8,6%
9,2%
9,9%
10,5%
11,2%
12,0%
12,9%
13,8%
15,1%
17,0%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018 2019 2020
Total and RES Gross Final Consumption [Mtoe] Observed RES share and 2020 target [%]
In 2016 the share of renewables in gross final energy consumption was 17,4%, higher than 2020 Italian mandatory
target set up by Directive 2009/28/EC (17%). Preliminary estimation on 2017 indicates that RES share could amount
to about 17,7%
Relevant growth of RES consumptions, slower in recent years. Decrease then weak recovery of total consumption
Observed Renewable share
Renewable National Plan (2010)
17,7%
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
17,4 16,5
19,6 20,7 20,2 21,3 21,1 21,7
133,3 128,2 127,1 123,9 118,5 121,5 121,1 123,0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017*
RES Transport RES Heating
RES Electricity Total gross final consumptions
*preliminary
4. 51 54 48 47
54 48 51 48
58
69
77 83
92
112
121
109 108 104
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
EVOLUTION OF RES-E: STATISTICS
RES cumulative installed capacity (GW) RES gross electricity production (TWh)
Capacity: large stock of hydro, progressive increase of wind and bioenergy, and explosive PV in 2010-2013, now first RES
Energy: hydro the largest RES, with large fluctuations, PV second source. In 2017 RES-E share was 34%
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 24 27
30
41
47 50 51 51 52 53
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Solar Bioenergy
Wind Geothermal
Hydro
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
GW
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
TWh
5. 580
782
309
123
111
1.906
815
288
904
524
673
679
54
3.937
853
613
867
479
264
127
41
3.244-
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
4.000
4.500
Mln€
Investments
O&M costs
Added Value
EVOLUTION OF RES-E: IMPACTS ON JOBS
Mixed pumping, waste, sewage and landfill plants not included
3.979
6.141
2.984
1.158
1.124
15.395
9.677
3.719
11.502
6.454
3.621
1.990
689
37.652
-
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
35.000
40.000
JOBS
Temporary jobs
Permanent jobs
Investments and O&M costs in 2017* [mln €] Temporary and permanent jobs in 2017*
(*) preliminary data
RES impacts is calculated within the framework of a standard demand driven I-O model, suitably integrated and matched
with the statistical and technical-economic data collected and analyzed by GSE
In 2017, wind and PV attracted higher investments (and temporary jobs), hydro showed higher O&M costs (and permanent
jobs)
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
6. EVOLUTION OF RES-E: DRIVERS
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
6,5
1,7
3,3
0,11,0
2017 Burden (€ bn)Evolution and scenario of incentive burden (€ bn)
12,5
€ bn
RES growth was largely driven by incentives. In 2017, more than 60% of RES energy was supported (a part of the energy
produced by old large hydro and geo plants without incentives)
Progressive reduction of incentive tariffs over time: from an average incentive of 290 €/MWh of PV in Conto Energia to an
average of 50 €/MWh of the latest Decree in 2016)
In 2017 the incentive burden was 12,5 € bn, around a half related to PV. The burden will decrease over time, partially
depending on energy price (which is expected to show a significant growth, already started)
3,6
7,4
9,8
11,6
13,4
12,7
14,4
12,5
12,1
11,8
11,7
11,7
11,8
11,7
11,1
10,6
9,9
9,2
7,8
7,5
7,1
5,9
2,3
1,3
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,5
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
Net billing
RID
DM 23/06/2016
DM 6/07/2012
CIP6
TO
I ex CV
Conto Energia PV
7. EVOLUTION OF RES-E: THE ROAD TOWARDS 2030
National Energy Strategy (NES 2017) defined a high target share of RES-E in 2030 (55%), with a +80% increase with respect
to 2017 (from 103 TWh to 184 TWh). The higher contributions are expected from PV and wind: PV energy should triple (in
the past 4 years about 400 MW/year installed; the rate should raise up to 3 GW/year); Wind energy should double
The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), under discussion, will probably be even more ambitious. NECP not only will
define new targets, but also policies and measures to reach the targets.
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
NES 2017 capacity targets and road towards 2030 NES 2017 energy targets and road towards 2030
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030SEN
TWh
Hydro Wind
Solar Geothermal
Bioenergy
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030SEN
GW
Hydro Wind
Solar Geothermal
Bioenergy
The represented trajectories are only conjunctions between 2017 and 2030, real development will obviously be not linear
8. EVOLUTION OF RES-E: THE NEW M.D. “FER1” DRAFT
The new M.D. draft aims at supporting, in the period 2019-2021, energy from new, refurbished and upgraded plants from “mature” RES:
PV, onshore wind, hydro and sewage gas for a total capacity of about 8 GW (of which 7,4 GW new)
8 rounds of competitive AUCTIONS for groups of technologies (with reserves for each technology if some conditions occur) and
REGISTRIES for smaller plants, with some competitive elements
Plant owners offer a % reduction of the base tariff: between 2% and 70% for auctions, and up to 30% for registries (also other criteria)
The support is mainly a Sliding FiP (“two-ways”: owner pays GSE back in case Pelectricity>Incentive tariff) and a FiT (≤100kW); premium for
PV plants removing asbestos in addition to the incentive
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
Registries: plants < 1 MW (PV >20kW)Auctions (plants ≥ 1 MW)
A
(Wind, PV)
A-2
(PV substitution
of asbesto)
B
(hydro,
sewage gas)
C
(refurbished
wind,hydro,
sewage gas)
770 800 80 80
A
(Wind, PV)
B
(hydro,
sewage gas)
C
(refurbished
wind,hydro,
sewage gas)
5.600 110 500
Group
Capacity
(MW)
Main priority criteria:
group A: plants installed on exhausted landfills or other specific areas;
group A-2: plants on schools, hospitals, public buildings etc;
combined with recharge columns for e-mobility
offered reduction of the base tariff (max 30%)
Specific financial requirements:
capitalization as proof of financial and economic stability
surety bond deposit (5% temporary, 10% definitive)
9. FOCUS ON PAST AND FUTURE WIND AUCTIONS
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
Onshore wind auctions base tariffs and offers range Increase in percentage reductions
offered over the four past wind
bidding sessions (all plants offered the
maximum allowed reduction in 2016
session, 40% of the base tariff)
Promotion of competitiveness and
reduction of system cost
The tariff resulting from the latest
auction is comparable and can be even
lower than the current and future
energy price
89 89
89
66
21
127 127 127
110
70
124
115
93
66
96 103
89
75
63
52
43
72
124 124 124
108
69
2012 session 2013 session 2014 session 2016 session 2019 session
€/MWh
Possible range Base tariff Min admitted reduction Max admitted reduction Energy price
Applied capacity (MW) 442 982 1.223 1.944
Admitted capacity (MW) 442 465 368 800
in operation capacity (MW) 346 452 306 118
% in operation/admitted 78% 97% 83% 15%
10. FOCUS ON PAST AND FUTURE WIND AUCTIONS
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
Onshore wind auctions base tariffs and offers range Increase in percentage reductions
offered over the four past wind
bidding sessions (all plants offered the
maximum allowed reduction in 2016
session, 40% of the base tariff)
Promotion of competitiveness and
reduction of system cost
The tariff resulting from the latest
auction is comparable and can be even
lower than the current and future
energy price
89 89
89
66
21
127 127 127
110
70
124
115
93
66
96 103
89
75
63
52
43
72
124 124 124
108
69
2012 session 2013 session 2014 session 2016 session 2019 session
€/MWh
Possible range Base tariff Min admitted reduction Max admitted reduction Energy price
Applied capacity (MW) 442 982 1.223 1.944
Admitted capacity (MW) 442 465 368 800
in operation capacity (MW) 346 452 306 118
% in operation/admitted 78% 97% 83% 15%
Uncertainty for the next auctions: the
base tariffs established in the latest
Decree draft is lower than the forward
energy price
12. Total and RES Gross Final Consumption [Mtoe]
15,6%
13,8%
17,0%
18,1%
18,9% 19,3% 18,9%
6,5% 7,1%
7,7%
8,4%
9,2%
10,1%
11,1%
12,3%
13,6%
15,2%
17,1%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Quota FER rilevata
Traiettoria PAN
RES-H TARGET MONITORING: RESULTS AND DRIVERS
Observed RES share and 2020 target [%]
In 2016, 10,5 Mtoe (18,9% of total consumption) were consumed from RES. Preliminary data indicate 11 Mtoe in 2017
The main contribution is due to biomass (7,6 Mtoe in 2016) and in particular firewood and pellet for domestic heating. Operating
devices are about 7 million, with an annual market around 0,2-0,4 million of devices (only 25% increasing the stock)
Heat pumps for heating play a relevant role (2,6 Mtoe). Operating heat pumps are 19 million, with an annual market of 1-1,5 million
(only 15% increasing the stock)
RES consumption in the thermal sector mainly depends on climate variability.
From an economic point of view, RES-H is mainly driven by the relatively low cost of energy sources, also due to fiscal measures (tax
exemption on biomass and reduced VAT rate) rather than incentives on new devices (heating account, fiscal deductions, white
certificates)
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
10,0
8,1
10,2 10,6 9,9 10,7 10,5 11,0
64,0
58,6 60,2 58,6
52,5
55,5 55,8
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017*
* preliminary
10,0 8,1 10,2 10,6 9,9 10,7 10,5 11,064,0 58,6 60,2 58,6 52,5 55,5 55,8
20
70
0
50
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017*
Migliaia
Migliaia
Biomass Heat Pumps Solar (thermal) Geotermal Thermal final consumption
Observed Renewable share
Renewable National Plan (2010)
13. THE ROAD TOWARDS 2030: MAIN GUIDELINES
UE requires for 2030 a 13% increase of RES-H share vs 2020. The National Energy Strategy 2017
defined a 30% RES-H target for 2030. The National Energy and Climate plan under discussion might
increase this target.
The first resource to focus on is energy efficiency and energy savings, in order to reduce thermal
consumption, especially in the residential sector.
Strengthening the regulation on mandatory RES share on buildings might be important.
Heat pumps have a key-role, also for the electrification of thermal consumptions.
Solar thermal technologies, not developed so far, may be enabled (but in some circumstances they
have the competition of the photovoltaic-heat pump coupling)
Italy has a problem of high levels of particulate matter, so the role of biomass for heating sector
should be revised. But there would be a really interesting market of replacement of old devices with
new technologies more efficient and with lower emissions
District heating could be developed, mainly considering current networks, enabling synergies
between renewables, waste and high efficiency cogeneration
The possibility to include cooling in RES counting, and how, is currently under investigation at UE level
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
15. Total and RES Gross Final Consumption [Mtoe]
RES-T TARGET MONITORING: RESULTS AND DRIVERS
Observed RES share and 2020 target [%]
RES evolution in the transport sector is mainly driven by final consumption and biofuels blending obligation (6,5% in 2017;
from 2018 we will also have a sub-obligation for advanced biofuel)
In 2016 the RES share was 7,2% considering the multipliers (“x 2” for double counting biofuels; “x 5” for RES electricity for
roads; “x 2,5” for RES electricity for rails)
Preliminary estimates for 2017 indicate an increase of biofuels injection with respect to 2016 (+2%), in particular for
double counting (+13%)
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
4,8% 5,0%
6,0%
5,4%
5,0%
6,4%
7,2%
3,5%
4,1%
4,7%
5,3%
6,0%
6,6%
7,3%
8,0%
8,7%
9,4%
10%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Quota FER rilevata
Traiettoria PAN
*preliminary
Observed Renewable share
Renewable National Plan (2010)
16. Indonesia
Spain
Italy
France
Other UE countries
Other extra UE countries
By-products of oil processing
Animal fat
Palm
Aother food crops
Other waste/by-products
RES-T TARGET MONITORING: RESULTS AND DRIVERS
In 2016 about 10,6 million Gcal of sustainable biofuels were put in consumption
89% of injected biofuels were biodiesel. By-products of oil processing and animal fats are the main raw materials. 59%
of raw materials come from UE countries (mainly Spain and Italy), while 41% from extra UE countries (mainly Indonesia)
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
Type of biofuels injected in 2016
89%
6%
4%
1%
Raw materials for biofuels in 2016
33%
30%
18%
18%
11%
Countries of origin of raw materials of biofuels in 2016
32%
15%
10%
6%
28%
10%
Biodiesel
Hydrotreated vegetable oil
bio-ETBE
Other
17. THE ROAD TOWARDS 2030: MAIN GUIDELINES
NES defined a very ambitious 21% RES-T target share in 2030. This would require a relevant RES increase
from the current 7,2%. UE require a 14% share in 2030, but with a new calculation methodology, reducing
multipliers for renewable electricity used in road and rail, limiting the use of some raw materials such as UCO,
excluding palm in 2030, etc.
Biomethane is identified as an important alternative fuel for the transport sector. The M.D. 2/3/2018 sets
incentives, having a duration of 20 years, based on the emission of blending obligation certificates. The
certificates can be sold to oil companies subject to the blending obligation mechanism. For biomethane and
biofuels from wastes and non food feedstock (advanced), certificates are bought by GSE at a fixed price.
A relevant role expected to be played in 2030 by electric and hybrid (plug-in) vehicles. Improvement of
batteries performance, decrease of the cost, development of recharge infrastructure, will allow an increase
of the penetration of such vehicles. Legislative Decree 16/12/2016, transposing the Directive on Alternative
Fuel Infrastructure, foresees an increase of recharge stations from the current 2.900 up to at least 6.500 in
2020.
Not only technologies. To reduce consumption in the transport sector, other strategies will also be very
important: ”avoiding” (smart working, online services, etc.) and “shifting” (upgrading of local public
transport, intermodal freight transport, intelligent transport system, car-sharing, car-pooling, cycling, etc.)
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
19. 16,1%
34,0%
55,0%
5,7%
18,9%
30,0%
1,2%
7,2%
10%
20,5%
6,3%
17,4% 17%
28,0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
RES-E share on electricity consumption
RES-H share on heating consumption
RES-T on transport consumption
RES tot on gross final consumption
THE FUTURE OF RENEWABLES: A LOOK AT 2030
RES share on renewable consumptions: past trend, mandatory 2020 targets and 2030 targets
In 2017, the National Energy Strategy (NES) set challenging targets for 2030. The Energy and Climate Plan (NECP),
currently under elaboration, will update 2030 targets, and will probably be more ambitious
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
NES
NES
NES
NES
20. 16,1%
34,0%
55,0%
5,7%
18,9%
30,0%
1,2%
7,2%
10%
20,5%
6,3%
17,4% 17%
28,0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
RES-E share on electricity consumption
RES-H share on heating consumption
RES-T on transport consumption
RES tot on gross final consumption
THE FUTURE OF RENEWABLES: A LOOK AT 2030
RES share on renewable consumptions: past trend, mandatory 2020 targets and 2030 targets
In 2017, the National Energy Strategy (NES) set challenging targets for 2030. The Energy and Climate Plan (NECP),
currently under elaboration, will update 2030 targets, and will probably be more ambitious
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
21. 16,1%
34,0%
55,0%
5,7%
18,9%
30,0%
1,2%
7,2%
10%
20,5%
6,3%
17,4% 17%
28,0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
RES-E share on electricity consumption
RES-H share on heating consumption
RES-T on transport consumption
RES tot on gross final consumption
THE FUTURE OF RENEWABLES: A LOOK AT 2030
RES share on renewable consumptions: past trend, mandatory 2020 targets and 2030 targets
In 2017, the National Energy Strategy (NES) set challenging targets for 2030. The Energy and Climate Plan (NECP),
currently under elaboration, will update 2030 targets, and will probably be more ambitious
74TH MEETINGOFTHEIEAWORKINGPARTYON RENEWABLEENERGYTECHNOLOGIES
«The best way
to predict the future
is to create it»
(Peter Drucker)