A urine culture is used to detect and identify bacteria in urine that may indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI). A urine sample is collected and cultured to see if bacteria grow. If few bacteria grow, the test is negative, and if many grow, it is positive. A urine culture helps diagnose and treat UTIs. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of urea in blood, which comes from protein breakdown in the liver. High BUN could mean kidney problems. Catheterization uses a tube inserted through the urethra to drain urine from the bladder. It can be used short or long term and has risks of infection. Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen molecules and is essential for