The document provides details of the proposed Renuka Dam project located in Himachal Pradesh, India. It will be a 148m high rockfill dam built across the Giri river to supply drinking water to Delhi and generate hydroelectric power. Key impacts include submergence of 1197.6 ha of land including 955.82 ha of forest land, displacement of people from 24 villages, loss of aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity, and changes to land use and soil erosion during construction. Extensive baseline studies were conducted on climate, geology, soil, water, air, noise, flora, fauna and socioeconomic conditions. Mitigation measures are proposed to minimize environmental impacts and support resettlement of project affected families.
Environmental impact assessment case studyKundan Sanap
This ppt is based on an EIA report for
The Building & Construction Project “Parshwa Luxuria” at S. P. No. 133/1/A, R. S. No. 118/2/1, 118/2/2, 118/3, 118/4 & 119, Bodakdev, City West, District Ahmedabad, Gujarat. JANUARY 2019
Environmental impact assessment case studyKundan Sanap
This ppt is based on an EIA report for
The Building & Construction Project “Parshwa Luxuria” at S. P. No. 133/1/A, R. S. No. 118/2/1, 118/2/2, 118/3, 118/4 & 119, Bodakdev, City West, District Ahmedabad, Gujarat. JANUARY 2019
Developing Guidelines for Public Participation on Environmental Impact Assess...Ethical Sector
On 24 February 2016, MCRB and PACT MPE (Mekong Partnership for Environment) co-organised a discussion in Yangon of public participation in EIA with the objectives of sharing experience which could be used to guide development of regional guidelines on public participation in EIA for the Mekong region (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam) as well as planned public participation guidelines for the implementation of Myanmar’s new EIA procedures.
U Than Aye, (Yangon office of ECD, MOECAF) gave a presentation on the public participation provisions of the Myanmar government’s EIA Procedures which were adopted on 29 December 2015, highlighting the requirements for consultation and disclosure at different stages of the EIA and Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) processes; and the resource constraints and faced by MOECAF.
Enviromental impact assesment for highway projectsKushal Patel
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool to study various impact to be occurred due to new development actions.
Transportation Project are the projects which provides ease to the movement of vehicles.
This Paper presents a case study for analysis of EIA for a transportation project. This Paper would provide a methodology which will allow transportation planers to make a cost effective coordination of environmental information and data management.
The results assess the environmental vulnerability around the road and its impact on environment by integration the merits of GIS.
Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) is a process which ensures that all environmental matters are taken into account quite early in the project at planning process itself.It takes into consideration not only technical and economic considerations but also, traditional aspects like impact on local people, biodiversity etc.
Eia of township and area development projectsSandeep Kumar
Source : Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual for BUILDING, CONSTRUCTION, TOWNSHIPS and AREA DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS Prepared by Administrative Staff College of India for Ministry of Environment & Forests, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, NEW DELHI
Detailed description of Environmental Impact Assessment - Historical Background - Objectives - Assessment procedure - Necessity in Water resources projects - Environmental discourse on DAM construction - Case study
EIA is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
EIA 1994 and the further amendments are explained i.e. 2006 and 2020.
Developing Guidelines for Public Participation on Environmental Impact Assess...Ethical Sector
On 24 February 2016, MCRB and PACT MPE (Mekong Partnership for Environment) co-organised a discussion in Yangon of public participation in EIA with the objectives of sharing experience which could be used to guide development of regional guidelines on public participation in EIA for the Mekong region (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam) as well as planned public participation guidelines for the implementation of Myanmar’s new EIA procedures.
U Than Aye, (Yangon office of ECD, MOECAF) gave a presentation on the public participation provisions of the Myanmar government’s EIA Procedures which were adopted on 29 December 2015, highlighting the requirements for consultation and disclosure at different stages of the EIA and Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) processes; and the resource constraints and faced by MOECAF.
Enviromental impact assesment for highway projectsKushal Patel
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool to study various impact to be occurred due to new development actions.
Transportation Project are the projects which provides ease to the movement of vehicles.
This Paper presents a case study for analysis of EIA for a transportation project. This Paper would provide a methodology which will allow transportation planers to make a cost effective coordination of environmental information and data management.
The results assess the environmental vulnerability around the road and its impact on environment by integration the merits of GIS.
Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) is a process which ensures that all environmental matters are taken into account quite early in the project at planning process itself.It takes into consideration not only technical and economic considerations but also, traditional aspects like impact on local people, biodiversity etc.
Eia of township and area development projectsSandeep Kumar
Source : Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual for BUILDING, CONSTRUCTION, TOWNSHIPS and AREA DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS Prepared by Administrative Staff College of India for Ministry of Environment & Forests, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, NEW DELHI
Detailed description of Environmental Impact Assessment - Historical Background - Objectives - Assessment procedure - Necessity in Water resources projects - Environmental discourse on DAM construction - Case study
EIA is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
EIA 1994 and the further amendments are explained i.e. 2006 and 2020.
Environmental Impact Assessment of Sentosa Integrated ResortNovember Tan
An assignment for a class on Environmental Management and Assessment, we are asked to conduct an Environmental Impact Assessment on the reclamation on Sentosa island for the construction of a integrated resort.
It is important to note that this is in many ways a hypothetical EIA. There were assumptions made and we did NOT do any baseline surveys or studies. Information were all taken from other sources and projected for this site.
The Department of Environment has approved this faulty EIA submitted by the Power Development Board. The project would be implemented by the governments of Bangladesh and India.
Field visit report of Moragahakanda reservoir project Deshan Arachchige
this report contain description about project and construction process,all information are gathered during visit by Kotelawela Defence University and literature.
An Evaluation of EIA report of Norochcholai Coal Power Plant Sri LankaPabasara Gunawardane
The Lakvijaya power station or the Norochcholai power plant is the first coal fired power plant in Sri Lanka which is located in Narakkalli, Norochcholai in Puttalam district. It was proposed to establish in 1993 and was suspended the construction due to protests by the villagers and environmentalists. The environmental impact assessment (EIA) was conducted regarding the project in 1998 and the constructions began in 2006. The phase one with a capacity of 300MW was commissioned in 2010.
Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) was the project proponent and Coast Conservation Department was the project approving agency for the project along with the central environment authority. The EIA Report (EIAR) mainly focused on the power station land, the transmission line land, marine resources and sea water quality, ground water resources and quality, cooling water effluents, solid & liquid wastes, air quality & noise and socio-economic aspects of the area.
The effects from fly ash and bottom ash, emission of SO2, NO2 & other gases, impact from discharging of warm water to the ocean, effects on livelihood of residents were the major predicted impacts of the project. Necessary mitigation measures were also suggested by the EIAR.
But, as the power plant operates, several other impacts which were not mentioned in the EIAR were also identified.
Frequent proper monitoring of emissions and impacts, conducting researches and studies on the power station and the related environment, using fly ash as a raw material for other industries and encouragement of alternative energy sources other than coal power can be proposed as recommendations.
By Md. Rezaul Hasan, Md. Shamsuddin, Md. Sohel Masud, Dr. AFM Afzal Hossain (Institute of Water Modelling)
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
8. E&S Hydro Advisory Program: Advancing sustainability in the hydropower sectorEthical Sector
On 19/20 March, two biodiversity, business and human rights events were organised by MCRB in Yangon: a multistakeholder consultation on the draft Briefing Paper, and a training session conducted by a number of international experts on biodiversity and environmental impact assessment (EIA) for around 70 representatives from companies, particularly EIA consultancies.
Read more: http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/news/reinforcing-connections.html
Introduction
Water resources of India at a glance
Hydrogeological cycle
Exploration of groundwater
Groundwater potential zone
Indicators
Sensors
Rules for selection of imagery
Conclusion
Reference
Presentation made at the Strategic Expert Consultation workshop of the UNEP-GEF Project on Healthy Landscapes:Managing agricultural landscapes in socio-ecologically sensitive areas to promote food security, well-being and ecosystem health in Sri Lanka (2018 – 2021) held on 08th September 2017 at Plant Genetic Resources Center (PGRC), Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka.
This is the 9th lesson of the course - Foundation of Environmental Management taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Phase 1 of the Development Plan of International Navigation on the Lancang-Mekong River (LMDP) aims to improve navigation in the Mekong mainstream from the Golden Triangle to Luang Prabang.
Projects include the development of three cargo ports at Xiengkok, Pak Beng and Luang Prabang in Laos; the improvement and maintenance of 146 rapids and shoals; and the construction of four emergency response and rescue ships and 1199 aids to navigation.
The environmental study aims to engage riparian communities, MRC member countries and local government in an exploration of the potential environmental impacts of the LMDP, and to support Mekong countries in ensuring that potential impacts of the LMDP are managed through appropriate enhancement and mitigation measures.
Implementation of the study includes:
- Key issues for biodiversity and navigation development
- Trends in the key issues without the LMDP
- Impacts of the LMDP on each of these trends
- Risks to be avoided or mitigated and benefits to be enhanced
Seasonal Variation of Groundwater Quality in Parts of Y.S.R and Anantapur Dis...IJERA Editor
Groundwater is used for domestic, industrial water supply and for irrigation all over the world. The groundwater
quality is a function of natural processes as well as anthropogenic activities. The safe potable water is
enormously essential for living and groundwater is one of the sources for human consumption in both urban as
well as rural areas. The area is located in the survey of India toposheet Number 57 J/3 lying between east
780
00’
0
’’ to 780
15’
0
” longitudes and 140
15’ 0
’’ to 140
30’
0
’’ North latitudes covering an area of 720 sq. kms.
Geologically, it is underlain mainly by Peninsular gneisses of Archean age followed by Gulcheru and Vemapalli
formations comprising quartzites, conglomerates, dolomites and shales. Major geomorphic units are
denudational hills, residual hills, pediments, pediplains, structural hills and valleys. The study area experiences a
semiarid climate. Physicochemical parameters viz., pH, total hardness, calcium, chloride, total dissolved solids,
fluoride were analyzed. Most of parameter show higher value than permissible limit in pre and post monsoon.
Further, a moderation in water quality was observed after the monsoon season, which can be attributed to a
possible dilution due to groundwater recharge People dependent on this water may prone to health hazard.
Therefore some effective measures are urgently required to enhance the quality of water in these areas
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...
EIA REPORT :Renuka dam project
1.
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
LOCATION across river Giri about 1.5 km upstream of
Dadahu bridge on Dadahu-Sangra motor road in
district Sirmaur of Himachal Pradesh.
longitude 770-03’12” to 77039’10” E
latitude 30036’51” to 31015’23” N
Characterstics of dam 148m high rockfill dam with centrally inclined
impervious clay core dam at
an elevation of 778 m, full reservoir level at
elevation 766 m, 63 m wide chute
spillway on the left bank with crest level
elevation 755 m &discharge7067 cumecs
Total land requirement 1532.60ha out of which
forest land 955.82 ha
private land576.78 ha
submerge land 1197.60 ha
Catchment area above dam site 2175 sq km
storage capacity 49800ha m
Power house capacity 2 X 20MW
Total cost of the project 3896.83 crores
4. NEED OF THE PROJECT
supply of drinking water to National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi 1000 million
litres everyday
•powerhouse with installed capacity 2 x 20 MW in a 90% dependable year shall
generate 296.80 GWH for H.P.
5. PERTINENT INSTITUTIONAL INFORMATION
Name Scope and Objective
Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974, 1988
To provide for the prevention and control of water
pollution and enhancing the quality of water
Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1981, 1987
To provide for the prevention and control of air
pollution
Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980,
1988
To consolidate acquisition of common property
such as forests, halt India’s rapid deforestation and
resulting environmental degradation
Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, 1993 To protect wildlife
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 To provide for the protection and improvement of
environment
National Policy on R & R, 2003 Resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected
people
EIA Notification 14th September
2006
Environmental Impact Assessment
6. •Though the project falls under category ‘B’ but has been classified
in category ‘A’ because the project lies within 10 KM from boundary
of Renukaji Wild Life Sanctuary ( notified under the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972 ).
•A comprehensive EIA is required.
7. TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR)
The study comprises of the five following stages:
A. Determination of baseline conditions with respect to each of the Land Use,
Soil, Geology, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water Quality, Air and Noise Quality,
Terrestrial Ecology, Aquatic Ecology and Public Health, Demography and
Socio-Economics.
B. Identification of the different components of the project that would have an
effect on one or several aspects of the environment
C. Estimation of the quantum and character of the polluting discharges of such
components
D. Assessment of the impacts of such polluting discharges on the different
aspects of the environment and
E. Formulation and recommendation of mitigation measures necessary to
control the adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels.
8. DESCRIPTION OF THE AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT & BASELINE STUDIES
The area falling within 10 km radius of the proposed Renukaji dam project has
been assessed and evaluated for the all existing environmental conditions.
CLIMATE
•The climate is sub-tropical interspersed between cold weather, hot weather
and southwest monsoon
•Winds are generally moderate throughout the season and lie in the range of 1-
19 km / hr .
• The relative humidity of the area varies from 33 to 90%.
11. SEISMICITY
the area of Renuka dam project falls within Zone IV. Therefore, suitable seismic
factor in design of structure would be kept under consideration.
SOIL CHARACTERSTICS
•slightly acidic in nature having pH values from 6.35 to 6.90.
•soil texture varies from coarse sandy loam to clay loam having predominantly
Sand.
•The soil near river terrace isgood for paddy cultivation.
•SLOPE
•The area has moderate slope(32%) and steep slope(38%) in majority.
LAND USE
the catchment area is characterized by steep hills and deep valleys, the
dominating classes are dense forest, open forest, waste land, agriculture &
settlement patches and some degraded forest.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL / RELEGIOUS / HISTORICAL MONUMENTS
No archaeological monument of national importance either lies in the project
area or in its submergence area.
12. Station
Code
Station
Name
Location with respect to
Site
Distance (Km)
Direction
Description
S-1 Renuka 2.5 SE Agriculture
land
S-2 Dhanoi 1.0 NE Forest land
S-3 Khalna 4.0 SW Forest land
S-4 Dabhuri 5.0 SW Agriculture
land
S-5 Trimali 4.0 SE Agriculture
land
S-6 Dhar 5.0 SE Agriculture
land
Soil sampling sites
14. Air Quality Assessment
•The number of sampling at each station was for two consecutive days. The
baseline data of ambient air environment is generated for the mentioned
parameters as given below:
1. Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM)
2. Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM)
3. Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
4 Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
•The major sources of air pollutants in the project area are vehicular traffic,
blasting (during road construction at present), dust arising from local and
village road, forest fire and domestic fuel burning.
•“Respirable Dust Sampler Envirotech Model APM 460 BL” was used for air
monitoring.
OBSERVATIONS
•Ambient Air Quality Status with respect to RSPM ,SPM ,SO2 NOX were within the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards for 24 hrs monitoring.
• However,the air quality will be affected during construction period.
• The concentration obnoxious gases and dust emission, will be cleared on daily
basis as the area is located in a valley and the gush of strong winds during
morning and evening hours is a common phenomenon.
15. Sound Level Measurement
•The sound level was measured by using sound level meter (RS 232 digital
Instrument) at 6 different locations.
•Maximum and minimum level of sound was recorded for the particular site and
then average was calculated which gave the final readings.
•The noise levels in the study area were well within the permissible standards.
Water Quality
•Over a stretch of 35 km length on river Giri and its tributaries nine sites were
selected for water sampling.
•The sampling was carried out for about a year time keeping the frequency of
observation once in 30 days time
OBSERVATIONS
The water quality results shows that all the parameters are within the
permissible limit of Drinking Water Standards (IS: 10500), except the
bacteriological parameters. The discharge in the river is more in monsoon
season and the water quality is also better as compare to post monsoon season.
16. Parameters Instrumentation
Ambient temperature Digital thermometer
Transparency Seehi dise method
Water velocity EMCON digital current meter
Turbidity Nephelometer
Total Dissolved Solids Titration method
pH Digital pH meter (HANNA)
Alkalinity, Acidity, Chlorides,
Silicates, DO, Free CO2, Zn, Si, Fe,
Nutrients (Phosphorus, Sulphates) Aquamerck / Aquaquant kits
Total Ca and Mg Hardness – EDTA Titrametric methods
Inorganic phosphates Colorimetric Methods
BOD Titration
E-Coli and Total Coliform Macconkey broth
17. AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Data on existing aquatic environmental conditions includes
• Biological characteristics of river water
• Estimation of coliform organisms
• Present status of fish fauna: Identification of fish species
• Their migratory pattern, feeding and breeding grounds
OBSERVATIONS
the proposed dam will have major impact on the endemic fishes,
which play a major role in maintaining the aquatic ecosystem and contribute to
the livelihood opportunities for the local inhabitants.
BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Floral Study
•The study area in the Giri river Valley was divided into submergence and
influence zones.
•The plant species were identified with the help of Botany Division, FRI,
Dehradun & local inhabitants.
Floral studies were carried out
1. To make an inventory/checklist of plants found in the study area.
2. To analyze the existing vegetation under submergence and influence zones
of the project.
3. To know the density (trees/unit area) of each of the woody species under
submergence and influence zones of the project.
18. Faunal Study
Terrestrial fauna
The terrestrial fauna of important animal groups such as butterflies (insects),
birds, mammals and reptiles was evaluated during a week long post monsoon
survey (Ocotber’2007) in 5 km radius of the impact zone. Terrestrial fauna was
evaluated
1. To prepare an inventory of the terrestrial fauna present in the study area.
2. To assess present status of the terrestrial fauna present in the study area
3. To assess the impacts of the proposed dam on the terrestrial fauna.
OBSERVATIONS
Renuka Sanctuary and Kashoga Reserve forest support high species richness
and diversity of birds. Thus, these sites are most crucial for the conserving the
bird diversity of the area and should be protected during the course of dam
construction and thereafter.
Aquatic Fauna
•Evaluation of Phytobenthos and Plankton
•Evaluation of Benthic Macro-Invertebrates
•Evaluation of Fish Fauna
•OBSERVATIONS
•decline of migratory species. The dam prevents migration between
feeding and breeding zones.
•Loss of habitat
•Change in Water temperature and water quality changes and discharge
fluctuations
19. Site I
Site II
Site III
Site IV
Map showing the terrestrial fauna study sites in the Impact zone of dam
20. SOCIOECONOMIC STUDY
The data were collected in two stages-
• The first stage involved a rapid assessment of the study area in order to obtain
an overall perspective of the villages of District Sirmaur that were located in the
submergence zone.
•The second stage of data collection was done in the villages, which are going
to be directly affected by acquisition of land
Secondary information was collected from different government and
nongovernment offices.
In order to gather information on public perception of the proposed project
the attitude survey was carried, which depicts the prevailing awareness and
acceptance about the project
21. OBSERVATIONS
•Agriculture was the main occupation of the project affected people
Attitude of affected families of Renuka Dam Project
Questions Yes (%) No (%)
Do you know about the Project to be constructed in
the area?
100.00 00.00
Are you in favour of Project? 4.38 95.62
S. No. Reasons to be in against Views of PAP (%)
1 Loss of Fertile Agriculture
Land
95.62
2 Deprived of fuel and
fodder
91.34
3 Losing their ancestral
place
67.13
4 No problem 4.38
Views of PAP (%) of Renuka Dam Project
22. S.No. Reason for supporting
Renuka DamProject
Views of PAP (%)
1 Underdevelopment 91.04 91.04
2 Employment
opportunities 18.32
18.32
3 Others 7.64 7.64
23. IDENTIFICATION, PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS
IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT
• Change in land-use due to submergence and construction of the project.
• Alteration of terrain due to construction of approach and access roads.
•Localized increase in erosion due to excavation of tunnel, powerhouse and
other appurtenant components.
• Generation of solid waste due to construction and deployment of construction
workforce.
Impacts on the Microclimate of the Area
• Localized fall off temperature in and around reservoir.
• Localized increase in humidity and evapo-transpiration.
• Localized decrease in aridity around reservoir.
24. Change in Land use / Land cover
Construction Phase
•The change in land use will be from riverine environment to lacustrine
environment and the change in land cover will also be from agriculture/forest
land cover to reservoir area.(permanent change)
•The unutilized muck may bring change in landscape of the dumping yard.
Operational Phase
no significant change on land use is expected.
Mitigation measures
the land cover will improve, due to implementation of landscape restoration and
catchment area treatment works.
Soil Erosion and Siltation
Construction Phase
• Soil erosion due to excavation for different components of the project,
construction of roads and dumping of muck into disposal yards will accelerate
soil erosion during the construction period.
Operational Phase
No significant impact
Mitigation measures
landscape restoration work& reservoir rim treatment would be implemented that
will restore erosion.
25. IMPACTS ON AIR AND NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Construction Phase
• Temporary changes in air quality and noise levels during construction phase
are expected
Operation Phase
• The ambient air quality during the operation phase is not expected to
deteriorate.
• Noise level in power house is also not expected to increase as the powerhouse
is underground.
Mitigation measures
During construction phase, monitoring of parameters required to be carried out
IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT
•water quality downstream of dam shall improve.
Construction Phase
•The sewage generated at the labour camps and other residential areas may
also bring considerable pollutants to river sections
•The muck disposal yards, quarry areas would be the areas of concerns for
leaching of sediments during rains.
Operation Phase
the water environment in general will not deteriorate as the reservoir of the
project will be continuously operated or used for power generation.
26. IMPACTS ON FLORA AND FAUNA OF PROJECT AREA
Impact on Flora (Plant Biodiversity)
1. Degradation/destruction of Northern Tropical Dry deciduous Forests
2. Impacts in the submergible area-there will be a sudden shift in the
population density of the species, which certainly will have some impact on
the ecology of the region.
3. Loss of threatened/ economically important species
4. Invasion of the habitat by exotic and Invasive species
Impacts on Fauna
1. more loss to aquatic environment than the terrestrial one.
2. Terrestrial wildlife change in their route in search of their food etc.
aquatic communities present in the submergence areas are going to vanish.
Mitigation measures
• The area downward from dam site, the backwater formed from its
tributaries is going to support the present aquatic fauna to some extent.
•Provision of fish ladder
IMPACTS ON THE SOCIOECONOMICS
1. About 1281 ha land of 32 villages will either be submerged or acquired for
project construction. Out of the 32 villages, the people from 24 villages will
lose their individual land.
2. Most of PAFs are going to be displaced so they should be placed in the
area nearer to their existing location with development of proper facilities,
training and financial assistance to earn their living.
Editor's Notes
“Renuka Dam Project ” is proposed to be constructed across River Giri about 1.50 km upstream of Dadahu bridge and 375 m downstream of confluence of Jogar ka khala with river Giri covering 35 km North of Nahan.
Key Environmental Legislations
SW SE S
SE S
slope plays major role in controlling the sediment / soil movement with water and the soil retention.Overall land requirement of the project is 1532.60 ha out of which 955.82 ha is forest land and 576.78 ha is private land. The project shall submerge 1197.60 ha of land comprising of 761.60 ha of forest land and 436.00 ha of private land
The upward migration will not
be possible in Giri river due to the proposed storage dam, because the dam will
act not only as barrier for fish migration but also contribute to change in the fish
habitat due to submergence in water.
Underdevelopment
Employment opportunities
Loss of Fertile Agriculture Land
2 Deprived of fuel and fodder
3 Losing their ancestral place
The base line data of the existing environment, in the absence of the proposed activity, provides the status of natural environment and with the proposed activity it further provides a mechanism for prediction of the changes that likely to occur.
In the present study, evaluation of land, water, air, noise, flora, fauna and socioeconomics was undertaken to understand the baseline environmental status of the area and estimation were made as how this will change with the commencement of the proposed activities.