Reinforced earth is a composite material that combines soil with tension-resistant reinforcing elements like metal sheets, strips, or nets. It was developed in 1966 by French engineer Henri Vidal and improves the engineering properties of soil. Reinforced earth is commonly used in retaining walls, embankments, and other structures due to its technical advantages and cost-effectiveness. It provides increased stability through the use of sheet, strip, or grid reinforcements made of materials like steel or synthetic polymers.

2.  Reinforced Earth is a composite material formed by
the association of frictional soil and tension resistant
elements in the form of sheets, strips, or nets of
metal, synthetic fabrics or fibre reinforced plastics.
or
 Reinforced earth is a combination of earth and linear
reinforcing strips that are capable of bearing large
tensile stresses
 Reinforced earth is also called as Reinforced soil.

3.  Generally used in retaining walls, embankments, quay
walls, underground structures.
 Henri Vidal ,a French engineer ,demonstrated the
concept of the “Reinforced Earth” in 1966 and later on
Dr.Jones (scientist) continued it.
 Objectives:-
 this methods are opted to improve the engineering
and mechanical properties of soil.
 Because of its technical superiority and economic
advantages, reinforced earth has become a widely
used in the construction of earth-retaining
structures.

5.  Types Of Reinforcement :-
 Sheet reinforcement
 Strip reinforcement
 Geo-grid reinforcement
a) Uniaxial
b) Bi-axial
c) Triaxial

6.  It is be formed from metal such as galvanized steel, fabric
(textile).
 These are manufactured from synthetic materials such as
polypropylene, polyester and glass fibres.
 The thickness ranging from 0.125mm to 7.5mm
 These reinforcement has high tensile strength, which can last
up to 400kN/m

7.  This can be constructed in two ways. They are
a)Woven made from continuous monofilament fibres.
b)Non-woven made from staple fibres.
 Practical image of sheet reinforcement:

8.  These are flexible linear members having greater
breadth than their thickness.
 Thickness usually varies from 3mm-9mm & breadth
is between 40mm-120mm.
 These strips can also be formed from bamboo,
polymers and glass fibre reinforced plastics

9.  An embankment is an artificial barrier that typically
is used to hold back water or to support a roadway
, railway, or canal.
 These are man-made mounds mainly consist of
stones , rocks, and earth.
 Generally, these embankments are longer than they
are in height.

11.  A vertical-walled structure formed by increasing
the stability of the backfill of the retaining wall
with the installation of reinforcement materials
such as geogrids and steel strips into the backfill.
 While designing a reinforcement soil wall, we need
to consider
a)External stability
b)Internal stability

13.  A reinforced soil bed
is a composite
material composed of
stiffer materials called
‘reinforcement
‘embedded in the soil
bed .
 It increases the
bearing capacity,
reducing the
differential settlement.

14.  1) Reinforced Soil and it's Engineering
Applications by Swami Saran
 2)Basic & Applied Soil Mechanics by Gopala Rajan
& A.S.R.Rao
 3) Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
(Geotechnical Engineering) (English literature)
 Author : K. R. Arora

15.  THANK YOU
BY
B.VENKAT PRANAY
11B91A0113