1) Reflective teaching involves teachers analyzing their own practices, how lessons are taught, and identifying ways to improve student learning outcomes. 2) Teachers can use strategies like keeping a journal, soliciting feedback, conducting peer observations, and self-reports or recordings to reflect on their own teaching practices. 3) By reflecting on their teaching, analyzing student and peer feedback, and identifying their strengths and weaknesses, reflective teachers continuously work to improve and enhance their instructional practices.

1. LEARNING AND TEACHING
Topic: Reflective teacher
Name :B.G.Aparna
Major : Mathematics
Collage name : TVS Teacher Training AcademyTCP PRESENTO-2020

2. Definition of teaching
Teaching is an intimate contact between
a more mature personality and a less
mature one which is designed to future the
education of the matter -H.C.Morrison
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3. Reflective teaching
• Reflective teaching is a process where think over their teaching practices, analysing
how something was taught and how the practice might be improved or changed for
better learning outcomes.
• The process contain three contain,
i. What is currently being done
ii. Why it is being done
iii. How well students are learning
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4. Strategies
Journal
writing
Getting
feedback
Peer
observation
Self-
reports
audio, video
recording
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5. Journal writing
After the completion of each class, the teacher must
make brief notes about the way he presented the subject
matter to the students , how students responded, how far they
understood it and the preparation to be made for his teaching
to be more effective. He should reflect on this information at
the end of each day. By using these notes, he should assess
which of the teaching activities were effective, which need to
be modified, which should be completely changed and the
activities which also could be introduced in teaching.
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6. Getting Feedback
After a lesson or activity or at the end of the
class, students will be asked to briefly and honestly
describes what they understood easily and which
were the difficult ones to understand and write them.
After collecting and analysing students responses
they should be recorded in the journal maintained by
the teacher. On the basis of feedback, the teacher
should reflect about what future things to be done to
improve his teaching practices. By adopting this
method the teacher can continuously improve his
teaching process.
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7. Peer observation
A teacher can invite a senior teacher whom he admires as a model teacher, to
come into his classroom, observe a session and comment upon his teaching.
On the basis of peer feedback, the teacher can introduce necessary
modifications in his teaching.
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8. Self report
Self reporting involves completing an inventory or check list in which the
teacher indicates which teaching practices were used within a lesson or within a
specified time period and how often they were employed.
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9. Audio or video recording
Instead of self- repot, when the teachers classroom teaching is recorded in
audio/video form, it helps to assess the teaching objectively. Future, it is not
possible to capture moment by moment the process of teaching that has taken
place in the classroom.
If the classroom teaching is recorded on video or audio system then, by
analysing it the teacher can find out the following,
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10. 1. The percentage of time he shared with
slow learners/bright learners
2. The teaching aids he used
3. The level of participation of students in
classroom interaction.
on the basis of this information, the
teacher can think about the changes he
should adopt in his teaching and the ways
and means of implementing them.
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12. Characteristics of a Reflective Teacher
 The reflective teacher set aside time specifically for thinking over his
professional practices, needs for professional growth and students needs.
Reflective teacher as a result of his reflection over his professional practices,
does not continue those course of action and practices which are not very
fruitful.
 He organizes the inherent differences in his classes and does not treat all
classes the same and adopt the same style of teaching.
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13.  He takes planned time within class to determine the efficacy of the lesson
and takes steps to improve it, if necessary.
As he is aware of his strengths and that of his students, he designs his
teaching activities around their strengths and interest to maximize learning.
The reflective teacher is cognizant of his weaknesses and takes planned steps
to improve in those areas.
He seeks feedback from many sources. He is open to constructive criticism.
He understand that he cannot optimally teach students by his efforts only.
Teaching is a complex field and it takes help from many others.
He shares his experiences, with the understanding that it can benefits others
who may be able to learn from his experiences.
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15. Summary
• Reflective teacher refers to the practice of the teacher to think over his
classroom teaching activities and take efforts to improve them.
• Analyse how was taught and how the practice might be improved or changed
for better learning outcomes
• Use some strategies, feedback, journals, self- report, peer observation, etc.,
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16. Reference:
Prof. K. Nagarajan M.Sc., M.A., M.Ed., PhD.,
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