Introduction For seq2seq(sequence to sequence) and RNNHye-min Ahn
This is my slides for introducing sequence to sequence model and Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) to my laboratory colleagues.
Hyemin Ahn, @CPSLAB, Seoul National University (SNU)
Word embedding, Vector space model, language modelling, Neural language model, Word2Vec, GloVe, Fasttext, ELMo, BERT, distilBER, roBERTa, sBERT, Transformer, Attention
最近のNLP×DeepLearningのベースになっている"Transformer"について、研究室の勉強会用に作成した資料です。参考資料の引用など正確を期したつもりですが、誤りがあれば指摘お願い致します。
This is a material for the lab seminar about "Transformer", which is the base of recent NLP x Deep Learning research.
The document discusses parts-of-speech (POS) tagging. It defines POS tagging as labeling each word in a sentence with its appropriate part of speech. It provides an example tagged sentence and discusses the challenges of POS tagging, including ambiguity and open/closed word classes. It also discusses common tag sets and stochastic POS tagging using hidden Markov models.
Transformer modality is an established architecture in natural language processing that utilizes a framework of self-attention with a deep learning approach.
This presentation was delivered under the mentorship of Mr. Mukunthan Tharmakulasingam (University of Surrey, UK), as a part of the ScholarX program from Sustainable Education Foundation.
Natural language processing and transformer modelsDing Li
The document discusses several approaches for text classification using machine learning algorithms:
1. Count the frequency of individual words in tweets and sum for each tweet to create feature vectors for classification models like regression. However, this loses some word context information.
2. Use Bayes' rule and calculate word probabilities conditioned on class to perform naive Bayes classification. Laplacian smoothing is used to handle zero probabilities.
3. Incorporate word n-grams and context by calculating word probabilities within n-gram contexts rather than independently. This captures more linguistic information than the first two approaches.
Introduction For seq2seq(sequence to sequence) and RNNHye-min Ahn
This is my slides for introducing sequence to sequence model and Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) to my laboratory colleagues.
Hyemin Ahn, @CPSLAB, Seoul National University (SNU)
Word embedding, Vector space model, language modelling, Neural language model, Word2Vec, GloVe, Fasttext, ELMo, BERT, distilBER, roBERTa, sBERT, Transformer, Attention
最近のNLP×DeepLearningのベースになっている"Transformer"について、研究室の勉強会用に作成した資料です。参考資料の引用など正確を期したつもりですが、誤りがあれば指摘お願い致します。
This is a material for the lab seminar about "Transformer", which is the base of recent NLP x Deep Learning research.
The document discusses parts-of-speech (POS) tagging. It defines POS tagging as labeling each word in a sentence with its appropriate part of speech. It provides an example tagged sentence and discusses the challenges of POS tagging, including ambiguity and open/closed word classes. It also discusses common tag sets and stochastic POS tagging using hidden Markov models.
Transformer modality is an established architecture in natural language processing that utilizes a framework of self-attention with a deep learning approach.
This presentation was delivered under the mentorship of Mr. Mukunthan Tharmakulasingam (University of Surrey, UK), as a part of the ScholarX program from Sustainable Education Foundation.
Natural language processing and transformer modelsDing Li
The document discusses several approaches for text classification using machine learning algorithms:
1. Count the frequency of individual words in tweets and sum for each tweet to create feature vectors for classification models like regression. However, this loses some word context information.
2. Use Bayes' rule and calculate word probabilities conditioned on class to perform naive Bayes classification. Laplacian smoothing is used to handle zero probabilities.
3. Incorporate word n-grams and context by calculating word probabilities within n-gram contexts rather than independently. This captures more linguistic information than the first two approaches.
Introduction to natural language processingMinh Pham
This document provides an introduction to natural language processing (NLP). It discusses what NLP is, why NLP is a difficult problem, the history of NLP, fundamental NLP tasks like word segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, syntactic analysis and semantic analysis, and applications of NLP like information retrieval, question answering, text summarization and machine translation. The document aims to give readers an overview of the key concepts and challenges in the field of natural language processing.
Financial Question Answering with BERT Language ModelsBithiah Yuan
(1) The document presents research on using pre-trained BERT language models for financial question answering (QA). (2) It proposes several BERT models for financial QA, including further pre-training BERT on financial text or transferring a BERT model pre-trained on a large general QA task. (3) Experimental results found that transferring a BERT model pre-trained on a much larger general QA task achieved the best performance, outperforming approaches involving further pre-training BERT on financial data.
BERT is a deeply bidirectional, unsupervised language representation model pre-trained using only plain text. It is the first model to use a bidirectional Transformer for pre-training. BERT learns representations from both left and right contexts within text, unlike previous models like ELMo which use independently trained left-to-right and right-to-left LSTMs. BERT was pre-trained on two large text corpora using masked language modeling and next sentence prediction tasks. It establishes new state-of-the-art results on a wide range of natural language understanding benchmarks.
The document discusses the BERT model for natural language processing. It begins with an introduction to BERT and how it achieved state-of-the-art results on 11 NLP tasks in 2018. The document then covers related work on language representation models including ELMo and GPT. It describes the key aspects of the BERT model, including its bidirectional Transformer architecture, pre-training using masked language modeling and next sentence prediction, and fine-tuning for downstream tasks. Experimental results are presented showing BERT outperforming previous models on the GLUE benchmark, SQuAD 1.1, SQuAD 2.0, and SWAG. Ablation studies examine the importance of the pre-training tasks and the effect of model size.
This document provides an overview of natural language processing (NLP). It discusses topics like natural language understanding, text categorization, syntactic analysis including parsing and part-of-speech tagging, semantic analysis, and pragmatic analysis. It also covers corpus-based statistical approaches to NLP, measuring performance, and supervised learning methods. The document outlines challenges in NLP like ambiguity and knowledge representation.
The document discusses the theory of computation topics of undecidability, recursive and non-recursive languages. It defines recursive, recursively enumerable (RE), and non-RE languages, and provides examples. Recursive languages are decidable by a Turing machine halting for all inputs. RE languages are decidable for strings in the language but a Turing machine may not halt on strings not in the language. Non-RE languages have no Turing machine to enumerate them. The document also discusses Turing machine encodings, universal Turing machines, and reductions between decision problems.
Introduction to natural language processing (NLP)Alia Hamwi
The document provides an introduction to natural language processing (NLP). It defines NLP as a field of artificial intelligence devoted to creating computers that can use natural language as input and output. Some key NLP applications mentioned include data analysis of user-generated content, conversational agents, translation, classification, information retrieval, and summarization. The document also discusses various linguistic levels of analysis like phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics that involve ambiguity challenges. Common NLP tasks like part-of-speech tagging, named entity recognition, parsing, and information extraction are described. Finally, the document outlines the typical steps in an NLP pipeline including data collection, text cleaning, preprocessing, feature engineering, modeling and evaluation.
This document discusses attention mechanisms in deep learning models. It covers attention in sequence models like recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and neural machine translation. It also discusses attention in convolutional neural network (CNN) based models, including spatial transformer networks which allow spatial transformations of feature maps. The document notes that spatial transformer networks have achieved state-of-the-art results on image classification tasks and fine-grained visual recognition. It provides an overview of the localisation network, parameterised sampling grid, and differentiable image sampling components of spatial transformer networks.
This lectures provides students with an introduction to natural language processing, with a specific focus on the basics of two applications: vector semantics and text classification.
(Lecture at the QUARTZ PhD Winter School (http://www.quartz-itn.eu/training/winter-school/ in Padua, Italy on February 12, 2018)
This Edureka Recurrent Neural Networks tutorial will help you in understanding why we need Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and what exactly it is. It also explains few issues with training a Recurrent Neural Network and how to overcome those challenges using LSTMs. The last section includes a use-case of LSTM to predict the next word using a sample short story
Below are the topics covered in this tutorial:
1. Why Not Feedforward Networks?
2. What Are Recurrent Neural Networks?
3. Training A Recurrent Neural Network
4. Issues With Recurrent Neural Networks - Vanishing And Exploding Gradient
5. Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs)
6. LSTM Use-Case
‘Big models’: the success and pitfalls of Transformer models in natural langu...Leiden University
Abstract: Large Language Models receive a lot of attention in the media these days. We have all experienced that generative language models of the GPT family are very fluent and can convincingly answer complex questions. But they also have their limitations and pitfalls. In this presentation I will introduce Transformer-based language models, explain the relation between BERT, GPT, and the 130 thousand other models available on https://huggingface.co. I will discuss their use and applications and why they are so powerful. Then I will point out challenges and pitfalls of Large Language Models and the consequences for our daily work and education.
Parts-of-speech can be divided into closed classes and open classes. Closed classes have a fixed set of members like prepositions, while open classes like nouns and verbs are continually changing with new words being created. Parts-of-speech tagging is the process of assigning a part-of-speech tag to each word using statistical models trained on tagged corpora. Hidden Markov Models are commonly used, where the goal is to find the most probable tag sequence given an input word sequence.
A Review of Deep Contextualized Word Representations (Peters+, 2018)Shuntaro Yada
A brief review of the paper:
Peters, M. E., Neumann, M., Iyyer, M., Gardner, M., Clark, C., Lee, K., & Zettlemoyer, L. (2018). Deep contextualized word representations. In NAACL-HLT (pp. 2227–2237)
The document provides an introduction to word embeddings and two related techniques: Word2Vec and Word Movers Distance. Word2Vec is an algorithm that produces word embeddings by training a neural network on a large corpus of text, with the goal of producing dense vector representations of words that encode semantic relationships. Word Movers Distance is a method for calculating the semantic distance between documents based on the embedded word vectors, allowing comparison of documents with different words but similar meanings. The document explains these techniques and provides examples of their applications and properties.
This document discusses natural language processing (NLP) and feature extraction. It explains that NLP can be used for applications like search, translation, and question answering. The document then discusses extracting features from text like paragraphs, sentences, words, parts of speech, entities, sentiment, topics, and assertions. Specific features discussed in more detail include frequency, relationships between words, language features, supervised machine learning, classifiers, encoding words, word vectors, and parse trees. Tools mentioned for NLP include Google Cloud NLP, Spacy, OpenNLP, and Stanford Core NLP.
Natural language processing (NLP) is introduced, including its definition, common steps like morphological analysis and syntactic analysis, and applications like information extraction and machine translation. Statistical NLP aims to perform statistical inference for NLP tasks. Real-world applications of NLP are discussed, such as automatic summarization, information retrieval, question answering and speech recognition. A demo of a free NLP application is presented at the end.
The document discusses attention mechanisms for encoder-decoder neural networks. It describes traditional encoder-decoder models that compress all input information into a fixed vector, which cannot encode long sentences. Attention mechanisms allow the decoder to access the entire encoded input sequence and assign weights to input elements based on their relevance to predicting the output. The core attention model uses an alignment function to calculate energy scores between the input and output, a distribution function to calculate attention weights from the energy scores, and a weighted sum to compute the context vector used by the decoder. Various alignment functions are discussed, including dot product, additive, and deep attention.
BERT is a pre-trained language representation model that uses the Transformer architecture. It is pre-trained using two unsupervised tasks: masked language modeling and next sentence prediction. BERT can then be fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks like question answering and text classification. When fine-tuned on SQuAD, BERT achieved state-of-the-art results by using the output hidden states to predict the start and end positions of answers within paragraphs. Later work like RoBERTa and ALBERT improved on BERT by modifying pre-training procedures and model architectures.
Introduction to natural language processingMinh Pham
This document provides an introduction to natural language processing (NLP). It discusses what NLP is, why NLP is a difficult problem, the history of NLP, fundamental NLP tasks like word segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, syntactic analysis and semantic analysis, and applications of NLP like information retrieval, question answering, text summarization and machine translation. The document aims to give readers an overview of the key concepts and challenges in the field of natural language processing.
Financial Question Answering with BERT Language ModelsBithiah Yuan
(1) The document presents research on using pre-trained BERT language models for financial question answering (QA). (2) It proposes several BERT models for financial QA, including further pre-training BERT on financial text or transferring a BERT model pre-trained on a large general QA task. (3) Experimental results found that transferring a BERT model pre-trained on a much larger general QA task achieved the best performance, outperforming approaches involving further pre-training BERT on financial data.
BERT is a deeply bidirectional, unsupervised language representation model pre-trained using only plain text. It is the first model to use a bidirectional Transformer for pre-training. BERT learns representations from both left and right contexts within text, unlike previous models like ELMo which use independently trained left-to-right and right-to-left LSTMs. BERT was pre-trained on two large text corpora using masked language modeling and next sentence prediction tasks. It establishes new state-of-the-art results on a wide range of natural language understanding benchmarks.
The document discusses the BERT model for natural language processing. It begins with an introduction to BERT and how it achieved state-of-the-art results on 11 NLP tasks in 2018. The document then covers related work on language representation models including ELMo and GPT. It describes the key aspects of the BERT model, including its bidirectional Transformer architecture, pre-training using masked language modeling and next sentence prediction, and fine-tuning for downstream tasks. Experimental results are presented showing BERT outperforming previous models on the GLUE benchmark, SQuAD 1.1, SQuAD 2.0, and SWAG. Ablation studies examine the importance of the pre-training tasks and the effect of model size.
This document provides an overview of natural language processing (NLP). It discusses topics like natural language understanding, text categorization, syntactic analysis including parsing and part-of-speech tagging, semantic analysis, and pragmatic analysis. It also covers corpus-based statistical approaches to NLP, measuring performance, and supervised learning methods. The document outlines challenges in NLP like ambiguity and knowledge representation.
The document discusses the theory of computation topics of undecidability, recursive and non-recursive languages. It defines recursive, recursively enumerable (RE), and non-RE languages, and provides examples. Recursive languages are decidable by a Turing machine halting for all inputs. RE languages are decidable for strings in the language but a Turing machine may not halt on strings not in the language. Non-RE languages have no Turing machine to enumerate them. The document also discusses Turing machine encodings, universal Turing machines, and reductions between decision problems.
Introduction to natural language processing (NLP)Alia Hamwi
The document provides an introduction to natural language processing (NLP). It defines NLP as a field of artificial intelligence devoted to creating computers that can use natural language as input and output. Some key NLP applications mentioned include data analysis of user-generated content, conversational agents, translation, classification, information retrieval, and summarization. The document also discusses various linguistic levels of analysis like phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics that involve ambiguity challenges. Common NLP tasks like part-of-speech tagging, named entity recognition, parsing, and information extraction are described. Finally, the document outlines the typical steps in an NLP pipeline including data collection, text cleaning, preprocessing, feature engineering, modeling and evaluation.
This document discusses attention mechanisms in deep learning models. It covers attention in sequence models like recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and neural machine translation. It also discusses attention in convolutional neural network (CNN) based models, including spatial transformer networks which allow spatial transformations of feature maps. The document notes that spatial transformer networks have achieved state-of-the-art results on image classification tasks and fine-grained visual recognition. It provides an overview of the localisation network, parameterised sampling grid, and differentiable image sampling components of spatial transformer networks.
This lectures provides students with an introduction to natural language processing, with a specific focus on the basics of two applications: vector semantics and text classification.
(Lecture at the QUARTZ PhD Winter School (http://www.quartz-itn.eu/training/winter-school/ in Padua, Italy on February 12, 2018)
This Edureka Recurrent Neural Networks tutorial will help you in understanding why we need Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and what exactly it is. It also explains few issues with training a Recurrent Neural Network and how to overcome those challenges using LSTMs. The last section includes a use-case of LSTM to predict the next word using a sample short story
Below are the topics covered in this tutorial:
1. Why Not Feedforward Networks?
2. What Are Recurrent Neural Networks?
3. Training A Recurrent Neural Network
4. Issues With Recurrent Neural Networks - Vanishing And Exploding Gradient
5. Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs)
6. LSTM Use-Case
‘Big models’: the success and pitfalls of Transformer models in natural langu...Leiden University
Abstract: Large Language Models receive a lot of attention in the media these days. We have all experienced that generative language models of the GPT family are very fluent and can convincingly answer complex questions. But they also have their limitations and pitfalls. In this presentation I will introduce Transformer-based language models, explain the relation between BERT, GPT, and the 130 thousand other models available on https://huggingface.co. I will discuss their use and applications and why they are so powerful. Then I will point out challenges and pitfalls of Large Language Models and the consequences for our daily work and education.
Parts-of-speech can be divided into closed classes and open classes. Closed classes have a fixed set of members like prepositions, while open classes like nouns and verbs are continually changing with new words being created. Parts-of-speech tagging is the process of assigning a part-of-speech tag to each word using statistical models trained on tagged corpora. Hidden Markov Models are commonly used, where the goal is to find the most probable tag sequence given an input word sequence.
A Review of Deep Contextualized Word Representations (Peters+, 2018)Shuntaro Yada
A brief review of the paper:
Peters, M. E., Neumann, M., Iyyer, M., Gardner, M., Clark, C., Lee, K., & Zettlemoyer, L. (2018). Deep contextualized word representations. In NAACL-HLT (pp. 2227–2237)
The document provides an introduction to word embeddings and two related techniques: Word2Vec and Word Movers Distance. Word2Vec is an algorithm that produces word embeddings by training a neural network on a large corpus of text, with the goal of producing dense vector representations of words that encode semantic relationships. Word Movers Distance is a method for calculating the semantic distance between documents based on the embedded word vectors, allowing comparison of documents with different words but similar meanings. The document explains these techniques and provides examples of their applications and properties.
This document discusses natural language processing (NLP) and feature extraction. It explains that NLP can be used for applications like search, translation, and question answering. The document then discusses extracting features from text like paragraphs, sentences, words, parts of speech, entities, sentiment, topics, and assertions. Specific features discussed in more detail include frequency, relationships between words, language features, supervised machine learning, classifiers, encoding words, word vectors, and parse trees. Tools mentioned for NLP include Google Cloud NLP, Spacy, OpenNLP, and Stanford Core NLP.
Natural language processing (NLP) is introduced, including its definition, common steps like morphological analysis and syntactic analysis, and applications like information extraction and machine translation. Statistical NLP aims to perform statistical inference for NLP tasks. Real-world applications of NLP are discussed, such as automatic summarization, information retrieval, question answering and speech recognition. A demo of a free NLP application is presented at the end.
The document discusses attention mechanisms for encoder-decoder neural networks. It describes traditional encoder-decoder models that compress all input information into a fixed vector, which cannot encode long sentences. Attention mechanisms allow the decoder to access the entire encoded input sequence and assign weights to input elements based on their relevance to predicting the output. The core attention model uses an alignment function to calculate energy scores between the input and output, a distribution function to calculate attention weights from the energy scores, and a weighted sum to compute the context vector used by the decoder. Various alignment functions are discussed, including dot product, additive, and deep attention.
BERT is a pre-trained language representation model that uses the Transformer architecture. It is pre-trained using two unsupervised tasks: masked language modeling and next sentence prediction. BERT can then be fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks like question answering and text classification. When fine-tuned on SQuAD, BERT achieved state-of-the-art results by using the output hidden states to predict the start and end positions of answers within paragraphs. Later work like RoBERTa and ALBERT improved on BERT by modifying pre-training procedures and model architectures.
Breaking Through The Challenges of Scalable Deep Learning for Video AnalyticsJason Anderson
Meetup Link: https://www.meetup.com/Cognitive-Computing-Enthusiasts/events/250444108/
Recording Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uXg1KTXdQc
When developing a machine learning system, the possibilities are limitless. However, with the recent explosion of Big Data and AI, there are more options than ever to filter through. Which technologies to select, which model topologies to build, and which infrastructure to use for deployment, just to name a few. We have explored these options for our faceted refinement system for video content system (consisting of 100K+ videos) along with their many roadblocks. Three primary areas of focus involve natural language processing, video frame sampling, and infrastructure deployment.
A Strong Object Recognition Using Lbp, Ltp And RlbpRikki Wright
This document discusses the evolution of object-oriented technology and languages. It notes that many object-oriented languages have emerged but companies commonly use open source OO languages like Java, C++, C# and Visual Basic due to their low or no licensing costs. These languages also have readily available libraries and development resources. The history of object-oriented concepts is traced back to Simula 67 and Smalltalk in the 1960s-70s, which introduced key ideas like classes, objects, inheritance and polymorphism. Exponential growth has occurred as more systems adopt object-oriented technologies.
Big Data and Natural Language ProcessingMichel Bruley
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the branch of computer science focused on developing systems that allow computers to communicate with people using everyday language.
Nautral Langauge Processing - Basics / Non Technical Dhruv Gohil
This document provides an overview of natural language processing (NLP) and discusses several NLP applications. It introduces NLP and how it helps computers understand human language through examples like Apple's Siri and Google Now. It then summarizes popular NLP toolkits and describes applications including text summarization, information extraction, sentiment analysis, and dialog systems. The document concludes by discussing NLP system development, testing, and evaluation.
In 2010 we had the idea to have multiple graduation projects with common themes. The themes selected for that year were "Arabic NLP" and "Pen computing". This presentation outlined the two themes and suggested several project ideas for them (and some GP ideas not related to the two themes),
Conversational AI with Rasa - PyData WorkshopTom Bocklisch
Workshop building a simple chatbot with Rasa NLU and Core. Additional resources can be found in the repository https://github.com/tmbo/rasa-demo-pydata18/edit/master/README.md
Conversational AI Agents have become mainstream today due to significant advancements in the methods required to build accurate models, such as machine learning and deep learning, and, secondly, because they are seen as a natural fit in a wide range of domains, such as healthcare, e-commerce, customer service, tourism, and education, that rely heavily on natural language conversations in day-to-day operations. This rapid increase in demand has been matched by an equally rapid rate of research and development, with new products being introduced on a daily basis.
Learn More:https://bit.ly/3tBkT81
Contact Us:
Website: https://www.phdassistance.com/
UK: +44 7537144372
India No:+91-9176966446
Email: info@phdassistance.com
This document summarizes Suneel Marthi's presentation on large scale natural language processing. It discusses how natural language processing deals with processing and analyzing large amounts of human language data using computers. It provides an overview of Apache OpenNLP and Apache Flink, two open source projects for natural language processing. It also discusses how models for tasks like part-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition can be trained for different languages and integrated into data pipelines for large scale processing using these frameworks.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) practitioners often have to deal with analyzing large corpora of unstructured documents and this is often a tedious process. Python tools like NLTK do not scale to large production data sets and cannot be plugged into a distributed scalable framework like Apache Spark or Apache Flink.
The Apache OpenNLP library is a popular machine learning based toolkit for processing unstructured text. Combining a permissive licence, a easy-to-use API and set of components which are highly customize and trainable to achieve a very high accuracy on a particular dataset. Built-in evaluation allows to measure and tune OpenNLP’s performance for the documents that need to be processed.
From sentence detection and tokenization to parsing and named entity finder, Apache OpenNLP has the tools to address all tasks in a natural language processing workflow. It applies Machine Learning algorithms such as Perceptron and Maxent, combined with tools such as word2vec to achieve state of the art results. In this talk, we’ll be seeing a demo of large scale Name Entity extraction and Text classification using the various Apache OpenNLP components wrapped into Apache Flink stream processing pipeline and as an Apache NiFI processor.
NLP practitioners will come away from this talk with a better understanding of how the various Apache OpenNLP components can help in processing large reams of unstructured data using a highly scalable and distributed framework like Apache Spark/Apache Flink/Apache NiFi.
Student X needs to transform 200 data files into plain text files but does not know how to write a program to automate this task. Student Y inherited a C program from another student but views it as a "black box" and wants to avoid changing or extending its implementation. The document argues that students need to learn how to read, understand, test, and modify programs, rather than viewing them as impenetrable boxes. It advocates teaching students modern scripting languages that are interpreted and easier to work with interactively in order to improve programming skills and encourage experimentation with ideas.
This document provides a summary of Rangarajan Chari's background and experience. It includes 3 sentences of experience as a data scientist and machine learning specialist with skills in neural networks, natural language processing, and big data technologies. Chari has worked on projects involving text classification, face recognition, and troubleshooting techniques for vehicles. The summary also lists education including a PhD program in artificial intelligence and masters degrees in computer science, math, and physics.
This document provides an overview of various applications of natural language processing including machine translation, sentiment analysis, question answering, text entailment, discourse processing, dialog systems, and conversational agents. It also discusses case studies on the working of Google Translate and IBM Watson. The content is presented over multiple slides covering rule-based and statistical machine translation techniques, challenges in statistical machine translation, sentiment analysis applications, question answering datasets and systems, definitions of text entailment and discourse processing, conversational agents, and natural language generation. Example questions are also provided for an end-semester exam on these NLP applications topics.
Sudipta Mukherjee has over 18 years of experience as a software developer and leader with expertise in machine learning, compilers, and functional programming. They have authored 6 books on programming topics and regularly presents at international conferences. Their skills include C#, F#, Python, machine learning, domain-specific languages, and data analytics.
Deprecating the state machine: building conversational AI with the Rasa stackJustina Petraitytė
Rasa NLU & Rasa Core are the leading open source libraries for building machine learning-based chatbots and voice assistants. In this live-coding workshop, you will learn the fundamentals of conversational AI and how to build your own using the Rasa Stack.
Deprecating the state machine: building conversational AI with the Rasa stack...PyData
Rasa NLU & Rasa Core are the leading open source libraries for building machine learning-based chatbots and voice assistants. In this live-coding workshop you will learn the fundamentals of conversational AI and how to build your own using the Rasa Stack.
How can text-mining leverage developments in Deep Learning? Presentation at ...jcscholtes
How can text-mining leverage developments in Deep Learning?
Text-mining focusses primary on extracting complex patterns from unstructured electronic data sets and applying machine learning for document classification. During the last decade, a generation of efficient and successful algorithms has been developed using bag-of-words models to represent document content and statistical and geometrical machine learning algorithms such as Conditional Random Fields and Support Vector Machines. These algorithms require relatively little training data and are fast on modern hardware. However, performance seems to be stuck around 90% F1 values.
In computer vision, deep learning has shown great success where the 90% barrier has been broken in many application. In addition, deep learning also shows new successes for transfer learning and self-learning such as reinforcement leaning. Dedicated hardware helped us to overcome computational challenges and methods such as training data augmentation solved the need for unrealistically large data sets.
So, it would make sense to apply deep learning also on textual data as well. But how do we represent textual data: there are many different methods for word embeddings and as many deep learning architectures. Training data augmentation, transfer learning and reinforcement leaning are not fully defined for textual data.
Evolving as a professional software developerAnton Kirillov
This is second edition of my keynote "On Being a Professional Software Developer" with slide comments (in Russian) which contain main ideas of the keynote.
I hope the slides could be used as a standalone reading material.
Similar to Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (20)
Creating an AI Startup: What You Need to KnowSeth Grimes
Seth Grimes presented "Creating an AI Startup: What You Need to Know," at a May 20, 2021 Launch Annapolis + Maryland AI (https://www.meetup.com/MarylandAI) program, focusing on opportunity and resources for Maryland tech entrepreneurs.
Efficient Deep Learning in Natural Language Processing Production, with Moshe...Seth Grimes
Moshe Wasserblat, Intel AI, presents on Efficient Deep Learning in Natural Language Processing Production to an online NLP meetup audience, August 3, 2020. Visit https://www.meetup.com/NY-NLP for the New York NLP meetup.
From Customer Emotions to Actionable Insights, with Peter DorringtonSeth Grimes
From Customer Emotions to Actionable Insights -- A presentation by Peter Dorrington, founder, XMplify Consulting, at the 2020 CX Emotion conference (https://cx-emotion.com), July 22, 2020.
Intro to Deep Learning for Medical Image Analysis, with Dan Lee from Dentuit AISeth Grimes
Dan Lee from Dentuit AI presented an Intro to Deep Learning for Medical Image Analysis at the Maryland AI meetup (https://www.meetup.com/Maryland-AI), May 27, 2020. Visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xl8i7CGDQi0 for video.
Emotion AI refers to a set of technologies -- natural language processing, voice tech, facial coding, neuroscience, and behavioral analytics -- applied to interactions to extract, convey, and induce emotion. Emotion AI is a presentation by Seth Grimes at AI for Human Language, March 5, 2020 in Tel Aviv.
Seth Grimes discusses text analytics market trends. Text analytics applies natural language processing to extract business insights from text sources. It has been part of business intelligence, data science, and analytics for over 15 years. While the vendor landscape is fragmented with no clear leader, visual analytics platforms and customer experience platforms like Medallia and InMoment have seen increased market activity and private investment. Users are advised to start small, test multiple tools, and focus on use cases and business benefits over accuracy when evaluating text analytics solutions.
Text analytics involves applying natural language processing techniques like named entity recognition, sentiment analysis, and topic modeling to extract insights from text data sources. It is used for applications like customer experience, market research, and competitive intelligence. The presentation provided an overview of text analytics approaches and tools, highlighting how it is part of business intelligence and data science solutions. Examples of early natural language processing work from the 1950s were also discussed.
Our FinTech Future – AI’s Opportunities and Challenges? Seth Grimes
"Our FinTech Future – AI’s Opportunities and Challenges?" is a presentation by Jim Kyung-Soo Liew, Ph.D. to the Artificial Intelligence Maryland (MD-AI) meetup (https://www.meetup.com/Maryland-AI/), November 20, 2019. Dr. Liew is Co-Founder of SoKat.co and Associate Professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School.
Preposition Semantics: Challenges in Comprehensive Corpus Annotation and Auto...Seth Grimes
The document summarizes Nathan Schneider's presentation on preposition semantics. It discusses challenges in annotating prepositions in corpora and approaches to their semantic description and disambiguation. It presents Schneider's work on developing a unified semantic scheme for prepositions and possessives consisting of 50 semantic classes applied to a corpus of English web reviews. Inter-annotator agreement for the new corpus was 78%. Models for preposition disambiguation were evaluated, with the feature-rich linear model achieving the highest accuracy of 80%.
The Ins and Outs of Preposition Semantics: Challenges in Comprehensive Corpu...Seth Grimes
Presentation by Nathan Scheider, Georgetown University, to the Washington DC Natural Language Processing meetup, October 14, 2019, https://www.meetup.com/DC-NLP/events/264894589/.
Nick Schmidt of BLDS, LLC to the Maryland AI meetup, June 4, 2019 (https://www.meetup.com/Maryland-AI). Nick discusses ideas of fairness and how they apply to machine learning. He explores recent academic work on identifying and mitigating bias, and how his work in lending and employment can be applied to other industries. Nick explains how to measure whether an algorithm is fair and also demonstrate the techniques that model builders can use to ameliorate bias when it is found.
This document discusses content AI technologies and their applications. It provides an overview of key content AI areas like images, speech, video, tagging, information extraction, classification, process automation, machine reading, question answering, and machine translation. The document also discusses challenges around trust in AI, including algorithmic bias, privacy concerns, and the need for explainability of AI systems and their results. It provides examples of how AI systems can exhibit unintended bias if not developed carefully, as well as perspectives on responsible development and application of AI technologies.
Text Analytics Market Insights: What's Working and What's NextSeth Grimes
Text analytics software and business processes apply natural language processing to extract business insights from text sources like social media, online content, and enterprise data. The document discusses what is currently working well in text analytics, such as its application in conversation, customer experience, finance, healthcare, and media, as well as its use of techniques like bag-of-words modeling and entity extraction. The document also outlines emerging areas for text analytics, such as analysis of narrative, argumentation, integration of multiple data sources and languages, and understanding of affect and emotion.
Three types of social listening are identified: strategic (market research and consumer insights), reactive (customer engagement), and retroactive (customer experience). Sentiment analysis identifies positive and negative opinions, emotions, and evaluations from various data types including text, images, videos, and digital metrics. Analyzing social sentiment can provide insights into what people are saying about topics, products, and competitors over time; who the opinion leaders are; how sentiment propagates; and how sentiment correlates with events and may predict impacts. Both qualitative and quantitative data from various sources can be analyzed for insights.
Seth Grimes gave a presentation on text analytics at IIeX in Atlanta on June 16, 2015. The presentation discussed the history of text analytics from early computers that could process documents in the 1950s to recent advancements in analyzing social media, online reviews, and other unstructured text data sources. Grimes also covered current and future trends in text analytics, including the growth of social media and big data, new machine learning and language processing techniques, and an increasing need for multi-lingual support.
Seth Grimes of Alta Plana Corporation gave a presentation on social sentiment analysis in social data. He discussed how sentiment can be extracted from various types of social data, including profiles, connections, content, and actions. Grimes also explained different methods for measuring and modeling sentiment, and how sentiment analysis can help businesses understand what people are saying about topics, products, and competitors.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
5. Disclaimer
I use A LOT of commercial product materials in the
slides that follow. These are illustrations and not
recommendations, and I have no financial interest in
the companies (unless disclosed).
6. Natural Language Processing
Natural Language Understanding (NLU)
• OCR, language detection, tokenization, parsing
• Information extraction: parts of speech, chunks , entities,
aspects, topics/themes, relations, attributes, events, intent …
• Speech processing: verbal and nonverbal
Natural Language Generation (NLG)
NLU + NLG together, for example:
• Summarization
• Machine translation
• Conversational interfaces
• Question answering
12. “Statistical information
derived from word frequency
and distribution is used by the
machine to compute a relative
measure of significance, first
for individual words and then
for sentences. Sentences scoring
highest in significance are
extracted and printed out to
become the auto-abstract.”
-- H.P. Luhn, The Automatic
Creation of Literature Abstracts,
IBM Journal, 1958.
17. Word2Vec: Key Concepts
Continuous bag-of-
words (CBOW)
predicts a word from
a window of
surrounding words.
Skip-gram uses a
word to predict a
window of
surrounding words.
37. Amazon Comprehend Medical
https://aws.amazon.com/comprehend/medical/
“With a simple API call to Amazon Comprehend Medical you can quickly and
accurately extract information such as medical conditions, medications, dosages,
tests, treatments and procedures, and protected health information while retaining
the context of the information. Amazon Comprehend Medical can identify the
relationships among the extracted information to help you build applications for use
cases like population health analytics, clinical trial management, pharmacovigilance,
and summarization. You can also use Amazon Comprehend Medical to link the
extracted information to medical ontologies...”